我已经使用Spring RestTemplate有一段时间了,当我试图调试它的请求和响应时,我总是碰壁。我基本上希望看到与打开“verbose”选项时使用curl时相同的东西。例如:

curl -v http://twitter.com/statuses/public_timeline.rss

将显示发送的数据和接收的数据(包括头、cookie等)。

我看了一些相关的帖子,比如: 如何在Spring RestTemplate中记录响应? 但我还没能解决这个问题。

实现这一点的一种方法是实际更改RestTemplate源代码,并在那里添加一些额外的日志记录语句,但我认为这种方法确实是最后的办法。应该有某种方法告诉Spring Web Client/RestTemplate以一种更友好的方式记录所有内容。

我的目标是能够用如下代码做到这一点:

restTemplate.put("http://someurl", objectToPut, urlPathValues);

然后在日志文件或控制台中获得相同类型的调试信息(就像我使用curl获得的一样)。 我相信这对于任何使用Spring RestTemplate并且遇到问题的人来说都是非常有用的。使用curl来调试RestTemplate问题是行不通的(在某些情况下)。


当前回答

So many responses here require coding changes and customized classes and it really is not necessary. Gte a debugging proxy such as fiddler and set your java environment to use the proxy on the command line (-Dhttp.proxyHost and -Dhttp.proxyPort) then run fiddler and you can see the requests and responses in their entirety. Also comes with many ancillary advantages such as the ability to tinker with the results and responses before and after they are sent to run experiments before committing to modification of the server.

可能出现的最后一个问题是,如果必须使用HTTPS,则需要从fiddler导出SSL证书并将其导入java密钥存储库(cacerts)提示:默认的java密钥存储库密码通常是“changeit”。

其他回答

wire提供了太多不可读的日志,所以我使用日志记录应用程序Servlet和RestTemplate请求和响应的有效负载。

build.gradle:

compile group: 'org.zalando', name: 'logbook-spring-boot-starter', version: '2.6.2'

或Maven依赖:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.zalando</groupId>
    <artifactId>logbook-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>2.6.2</version>
</dependency>

应用程序。属性(或槽YAML):

logging.level.org.zalando.logbook = TRACE

RestTemplate.java:

import java.util.function.Supplier;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.http.client.HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import org.zalando.logbook.httpclient.LogbookHttpRequestInterceptor;
import org.zalando.logbook.httpclient.LogbookHttpResponseInterceptor;

@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfiguration {
    private final LogbookHttpRequestInterceptor logbookHttpRequestInterceptor;
    private final LogbookHttpResponseInterceptor logbookHttpResponseInterceptor;

    public RestTemplateConfiguration(LogbookHttpRequestInterceptor logbookHttpRequestInterceptor,
            LogbookHttpResponseInterceptor logbookHttpResponseInterceptor) {
        this.logbookHttpRequestInterceptor = logbookHttpRequestInterceptor;
        this.logbookHttpResponseInterceptor = logbookHttpResponseInterceptor;
    }

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(RestTemplateBuilder restTemplateBuilder) {
        return restTemplateBuilder
                .requestFactory(new MyRequestFactorySupplier())
                .build();
    }

    class MyRequestFactorySupplier implements Supplier<ClientHttpRequestFactory> {
        @Override
        public ClientHttpRequestFactory get() {
            // Using Apache HTTP client
            CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClientBuilder.create()
                    .addInterceptorFirst(logbookHttpRequestInterceptor)
                    .addInterceptorFirst(logbookHttpResponseInterceptor)
                    .build();
            return new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory(client);
        }
    }
}

正如在其他响应中所述,需要对响应体进行特殊处理,以便能够重复读取它(默认情况下,在第一次读取时使用其内容)。

在设置请求时,拦截器本身不使用BufferingClientHttpRequestFactory,而是可以包装响应,并确保内容被保留,并且可以重复读取(由记录器和响应的消费者):

我的拦截器

使用包装器缓冲响应体 更紧凑的方式 记录状态码标识符(例如201创建) 包含一个请求序列号,可以方便地将并发日志条目与多个线程区分开来

代码:

public class LoggingInterceptor implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor {

    private final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
    private AtomicInteger requestNumberSequence = new AtomicInteger(0);

    @Override
    public ClientHttpResponse intercept(HttpRequest request, byte[] body, ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException {
        int requestNumber = requestNumberSequence.incrementAndGet();
        logRequest(requestNumber, request, body);
        ClientHttpResponse response = execution.execute(request, body);
        response = new BufferedClientHttpResponse(response);
        logResponse(requestNumber, response);
        return response;
    }

    private void logRequest(int requestNumber, HttpRequest request, byte[] body) {
        if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
            String prefix = requestNumber + " > ";
            log.debug("{} Request: {} {}", prefix, request.getMethod(), request.getURI());
            log.debug("{} Headers: {}", prefix, request.getHeaders());
            if (body.length > 0) {
                log.debug("{} Body: \n{}", prefix, new String(body, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
            }
        }
    }

    private void logResponse(int requestNumber, ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException {
        if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
            String prefix = requestNumber + " < ";
            log.debug("{} Response: {} {} {}", prefix, response.getStatusCode(), response.getStatusCode().name(), response.getStatusText());
            log.debug("{} Headers: {}", prefix, response.getHeaders());
            String body = StreamUtils.copyToString(response.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            if (body.length() > 0) {
                log.debug("{} Body: \n{}", prefix, body);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Wrapper around ClientHttpResponse, buffers the body so it can be read repeatedly (for logging & consuming the result).
     */
    private static class BufferedClientHttpResponse implements ClientHttpResponse {

        private final ClientHttpResponse response;
        private byte[] body;

        public BufferedClientHttpResponse(ClientHttpResponse response) {
            this.response = response;
        }

        @Override
        public HttpStatus getStatusCode() throws IOException {
            return response.getStatusCode();
        }

        @Override
        public int getRawStatusCode() throws IOException {
            return response.getRawStatusCode();
        }

        @Override
        public String getStatusText() throws IOException {
            return response.getStatusText();
        }

        @Override
        public void close() {
            response.close();
        }

        @Override
        public InputStream getBody() throws IOException {
            if (body == null) {
                body = StreamUtils.copyToByteArray(response.getBody());
            }
            return new ByteArrayInputStream(body);
        }

        @Override
        public HttpHeaders getHeaders() {
            return response.getHeaders();
        }
    }
}

配置:

 @Bean
    public RestTemplateBuilder restTemplateBuilder() {
        return new RestTemplateBuilder()
                .additionalInterceptors(Collections.singletonList(new LoggingInterceptor()));
    }

日志输出示例:

2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 >  Request: POST http://localhost:53969/payment/v4/private/payment-lists/10022/templates
2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 >  Headers: {Accept=[application/json, application/json], Content-Type=[application/json;charset=UTF-8], Content-Length=[986]}
2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 >  Body: 
{"idKey":null, ...}
2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 <  Response: 200 OK 
2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 <  Headers: {Content-Type=[application/json;charset=UTF-8], Transfer-Encoding=[chunked], Date=[Mon, 08 Oct 2018 08:58:53 GMT]}
2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 <  Body: 
{ "idKey" : "10022", ...  }

这可能不是正确的方法,但我认为这是打印请求和响应而不需要在日志中填充太多内容的最简单方法。

通过添加以下2行应用。Properties记录所有请求和响应,第一行记录请求,第二行记录响应。

logging.level.org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate=DEBUG
logging.level.org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.HttpEntityMethodProcessor=DEBUG

用ClientHttpRequestInterceptor的完整实现来完成这个示例,以跟踪请求和响应:

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.http.HttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestExecution;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestInterceptor;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpResponse;

public class LoggingRequestInterceptor implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor {

    final static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggingRequestInterceptor.class);

    @Override
    public ClientHttpResponse intercept(HttpRequest request, byte[] body, ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException {
        traceRequest(request, body);
        ClientHttpResponse response = execution.execute(request, body);
        traceResponse(response);
        return response;
    }

    private void traceRequest(HttpRequest request, byte[] body) throws IOException {
        log.info("===========================request begin================================================");
        log.debug("URI         : {}", request.getURI());
        log.debug("Method      : {}", request.getMethod());
        log.debug("Headers     : {}", request.getHeaders() );
        log.debug("Request body: {}", new String(body, "UTF-8"));
        log.info("==========================request end================================================");
    }

    private void traceResponse(ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException {
        StringBuilder inputStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response.getBody(), "UTF-8"));
        String line = bufferedReader.readLine();
        while (line != null) {
            inputStringBuilder.append(line);
            inputStringBuilder.append('\n');
            line = bufferedReader.readLine();
        }
        log.info("============================response begin==========================================");
        log.debug("Status code  : {}", response.getStatusCode());
        log.debug("Status text  : {}", response.getStatusText());
        log.debug("Headers      : {}", response.getHeaders());
        log.debug("Response body: {}", inputStringBuilder.toString());
        log.info("=======================response end=================================================");
    }

}

然后使用BufferingClientHttpRequestFactory和LoggingRequestInterceptor实例化RestTemplate:

RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(new BufferingClientHttpRequestFactory(new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory()));
List<ClientHttpRequestInterceptor> interceptors = new ArrayList<>();
interceptors.add(new LoggingRequestInterceptor());
restTemplate.setInterceptors(interceptors);

BufferingClientHttpRequestFactory是必需的,因为我们想在拦截器和初始调用代码中使用响应体。默认实现只允许读取响应体一次。

在Spring Boot中,您可以通过在属性中设置这个(或其他12因素方法)来获得完整的请求/响应。

logging.level.org.apache.http=DEBUG

这个输出

-DEBUG .i.c.DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator : Connecting to localhost/127.0.0.1:41827
-DEBUG .i.c.DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator : Connection established 127.0.0.1:39546<->127.0.0.1:41827
-DEBUG o.a.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec   : Executing request POST /v0/users HTTP/1.1
-DEBUG o.a.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec   : Target auth state: UNCHALLENGED
-DEBUG o.a.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec   : Proxy auth state: UNCHALLENGED
-DEBUG org.apache.http.headers                  : http-outgoing-0 >> POST /v0/users HTTP/1.1
-DEBUG org.apache.http.headers                  : http-outgoing-0 >> Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8
-DEBUG org.apache.http.headers                  : http-outgoing-0 >> Content-Length: 56
-DEBUG org.apache.http.headers                  : http-outgoing-0 >> Host: localhost:41827
-DEBUG org.apache.http.headers                  : http-outgoing-0 >> Connection: Keep-Alive
-DEBUG org.apache.http.headers                  : http-outgoing-0 >> User-Agent: Apache-HttpClient/4.5.2 (Java/1.8.0_102)
-DEBUG org.apache.http.headers                  : http-outgoing-0 >> Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate
-DEBUG org.apache.http.wire                     : http-outgoing-0 >> "POST /v0/users HTTP/1.1[\r][\n]"
-DEBUG org.apache.http.wire                     : http-outgoing-0 >> "Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8[\r][\n]"
-DEBUG org.apache.http.wire                     : http-outgoing-0 >> "Content-Length: 56[\r][\n]"
-DEBUG org.apache.http.wire                     : http-outgoing-0 >> "Host: localhost:41827[\r][\n]"
-DEBUG org.apache.http.wire                     : http-outgoing-0 >> "Connection: Keep-Alive[\r][\n]"
-DEBUG org.apache.http.wire                     : http-outgoing-0 >> "User-Agent: Apache-HttpClient/4.5.2 (Java/1.8.0_102)[\r][\n]"
-DEBUG org.apache.http.wire                     : http-outgoing-0 >> "Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate[\r][\n]"
-DEBUG org.apache.http.wire                     : http-outgoing-0 >> "[\r][\n]"
-DEBUG org.apache.http.wire                     : http-outgoing-0 >> "{"id":null,"email":"xenoterracide@gmail.com","new":true}"

和响应

-DEBUG .i.c.DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator : Connecting to localhost/127.0.0.1:41827
-DEBUG .i.c.DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator : Connection established 127.0.0.1:39546<->127.0.0.1:41827
-DEBUG o.a.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec   : Executing request POST /v0/users HTTP/1.1
-DEBUG o.a.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec   : Target auth state: UNCHALLENGED
-DEBUG o.a.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec   : Proxy auth state: UNCHALLENGED
-DEBUG org.apache.http.headers                  : http-outgoing-0 >> POST /v0/users HTTP/1.1
-DEBUG org.apache.http.headers                  : http-outgoing-0 >> Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8
-DEBUG org.apache.http.headers                  : http-outgoing-0 >> Content-Length: 56
-DEBUG org.apache.http.headers                  : http-outgoing-0 >> Host: localhost:41827
-DEBUG org.apache.http.headers                  : http-outgoing-0 >> Connection: Keep-Alive
-DEBUG org.apache.http.headers                  : http-outgoing-0 >> User-Agent: Apache-HttpClient/4.5.2 (Java/1.8.0_102)
-DEBUG org.apache.http.headers                  : http-outgoing-0 >> Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate
-DEBUG org.apache.http.wire                     : http-outgoing-0 >> "POST /v0/users HTTP/1.1[\r][\n]"
-DEBUG org.apache.http.wire                     : http-outgoing-0 >> "Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8[\r][\n]"
-DEBUG org.apache.http.wire                     : http-outgoing-0 >> "Content-Length: 56[\r][\n]"
-DEBUG org.apache.http.wire                     : http-outgoing-0 >> "Host: localhost:41827[\r][\n]"
-DEBUG org.apache.http.wire                     : http-outgoing-0 >> "Connection: Keep-Alive[\r][\n]"
-DEBUG org.apache.http.wire                     : http-outgoing-0 >> "User-Agent: Apache-HttpClient/4.5.2 (Java/1.8.0_102)[\r][\n]"
-DEBUG org.apache.http.wire                     : http-outgoing-0 >> "Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate[\r][\n]"
-DEBUG org.apache.http.wire                     : http-outgoing-0 >> "[\r][\n]"
-DEBUG org.apache.http.wire                     : http-outgoing-0 >> "{"id":null,"email":"xenoterracide@gmail.com","new":true}"

或者只是loginging.level.org.apache.http.wire =DEBUG,它似乎包含了所有相关信息