我已经使用Spring RestTemplate有一段时间了,当我试图调试它的请求和响应时,我总是碰壁。我基本上希望看到与打开“verbose”选项时使用curl时相同的东西。例如:

curl -v http://twitter.com/statuses/public_timeline.rss

将显示发送的数据和接收的数据(包括头、cookie等)。

我看了一些相关的帖子,比如: 如何在Spring RestTemplate中记录响应? 但我还没能解决这个问题。

实现这一点的一种方法是实际更改RestTemplate源代码,并在那里添加一些额外的日志记录语句,但我认为这种方法确实是最后的办法。应该有某种方法告诉Spring Web Client/RestTemplate以一种更友好的方式记录所有内容。

我的目标是能够用如下代码做到这一点:

restTemplate.put("http://someurl", objectToPut, urlPathValues);

然后在日志文件或控制台中获得相同类型的调试信息(就像我使用curl获得的一样)。 我相信这对于任何使用Spring RestTemplate并且遇到问题的人来说都是非常有用的。使用curl来调试RestTemplate问题是行不通的(在某些情况下)。


当前回答

So many responses here require coding changes and customized classes and it really is not necessary. Gte a debugging proxy such as fiddler and set your java environment to use the proxy on the command line (-Dhttp.proxyHost and -Dhttp.proxyPort) then run fiddler and you can see the requests and responses in their entirety. Also comes with many ancillary advantages such as the ability to tinker with the results and responses before and after they are sent to run experiments before committing to modification of the server.

可能出现的最后一个问题是,如果必须使用HTTPS,则需要从fiddler导出SSL证书并将其导入java密钥存储库(cacerts)提示:默认的java密钥存储库密码通常是“changeit”。

其他回答

除了在另一个答案中描述的HttpClient日志之外,您还可以引入一个ClientHttpRequestInterceptor,它读取请求体和响应并记录它。如果其他东西也使用HttpClient,或者你想要一个自定义的日志格式,你可能需要这样做。注意:您需要给RestTemplate一个BufferingClientHttpRequestFactory,这样您就可以读取两次响应。

奇怪的是,这些解决方案都不能工作,因为RestTemplate似乎不会在某些客户机和服务器上返回500x错误的响应。在这种情况下,您还必须通过实现ResponseErrorHandler来记录这些日志,如下所示。这是一个代码草案,但你明白了:

你可以设置与错误处理程序相同的拦截器:

restTemplate.getInterceptors().add(interceptor);
restTemplate.setRequestFactory(new BufferingClientHttpRequestFactory(new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory()));
restTemplate.setErrorHandler(interceptor);

拦截实现了两个接口:

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.http.HttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus.Series;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestExecution;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestInterceptor;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.web.client.DefaultResponseErrorHandler;
import org.springframework.web.client.ResponseErrorHandler;

public class LoggingRequestInterceptor implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor, ResponseErrorHandler {
    static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggingRequestInterceptor.class);
    static final DefaultResponseErrorHandler defaultResponseErrorHandler = new DefaultResponseErrorHandler();
    final Set<Series> loggableStatuses = new HashSet();

    public LoggingRequestInterceptor() {
    }

    public LoggingRequestInterceptor(Set<Series> loggableStatuses) {
        loggableStatuses.addAll(loggableStatuses);
    }

    public ClientHttpResponse intercept(HttpRequest request, byte[] body, ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException {
        this.traceRequest(request, body);
        ClientHttpResponse response = execution.execute(request, body);
        if(response != null) {
            this.traceResponse(response);
        }

        return response;
    }

    private void traceRequest(HttpRequest request, byte[] body) throws IOException {
        log.debug("===========================request begin================================================");
        log.debug("URI         : {}", request.getURI());
        log.debug("Method      : {}", request.getMethod());
        log.debug("Headers     : {}", request.getHeaders());
        log.debug("Request body: {}", new String(body, "UTF-8"));
        log.debug("==========================request end================================================");
    }

    private void traceResponse(ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException {
        if(this.loggableStatuses.isEmpty() || this.loggableStatuses.contains(response.getStatusCode().series())) {
            StringBuilder inputStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();

            try {
                BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response.getBody(), "UTF-8"));

                for(String line = bufferedReader.readLine(); line != null; line = bufferedReader.readLine()) {
                    inputStringBuilder.append(line);
                    inputStringBuilder.append('\n');
                }
            } catch (Throwable var5) {
                log.error("cannot read response due to error", var5);
            }

            log.debug("============================response begin==========================================");
            log.debug("Status code  : {}", response.getStatusCode());
            log.debug("Status text  : {}", response.getStatusText());
            log.debug("Headers      : {}", response.getHeaders());
            log.debug("Response body: {}", inputStringBuilder.toString());
            log.debug("=======================response end=================================================");
        }

    }

    public boolean hasError(ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException {
        return defaultResponseErrorHandler.hasError(response);
    }

    public void handleError(ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException {
        this.traceResponse(response);
        defaultResponseErrorHandler.handleError(response);
    }
}

正如在其他响应中所述,需要对响应体进行特殊处理,以便能够重复读取它(默认情况下,在第一次读取时使用其内容)。

在设置请求时,拦截器本身不使用BufferingClientHttpRequestFactory,而是可以包装响应,并确保内容被保留,并且可以重复读取(由记录器和响应的消费者):

我的拦截器

使用包装器缓冲响应体 更紧凑的方式 记录状态码标识符(例如201创建) 包含一个请求序列号,可以方便地将并发日志条目与多个线程区分开来

代码:

public class LoggingInterceptor implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor {

    private final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
    private AtomicInteger requestNumberSequence = new AtomicInteger(0);

    @Override
    public ClientHttpResponse intercept(HttpRequest request, byte[] body, ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException {
        int requestNumber = requestNumberSequence.incrementAndGet();
        logRequest(requestNumber, request, body);
        ClientHttpResponse response = execution.execute(request, body);
        response = new BufferedClientHttpResponse(response);
        logResponse(requestNumber, response);
        return response;
    }

    private void logRequest(int requestNumber, HttpRequest request, byte[] body) {
        if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
            String prefix = requestNumber + " > ";
            log.debug("{} Request: {} {}", prefix, request.getMethod(), request.getURI());
            log.debug("{} Headers: {}", prefix, request.getHeaders());
            if (body.length > 0) {
                log.debug("{} Body: \n{}", prefix, new String(body, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
            }
        }
    }

    private void logResponse(int requestNumber, ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException {
        if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
            String prefix = requestNumber + " < ";
            log.debug("{} Response: {} {} {}", prefix, response.getStatusCode(), response.getStatusCode().name(), response.getStatusText());
            log.debug("{} Headers: {}", prefix, response.getHeaders());
            String body = StreamUtils.copyToString(response.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            if (body.length() > 0) {
                log.debug("{} Body: \n{}", prefix, body);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Wrapper around ClientHttpResponse, buffers the body so it can be read repeatedly (for logging & consuming the result).
     */
    private static class BufferedClientHttpResponse implements ClientHttpResponse {

        private final ClientHttpResponse response;
        private byte[] body;

        public BufferedClientHttpResponse(ClientHttpResponse response) {
            this.response = response;
        }

        @Override
        public HttpStatus getStatusCode() throws IOException {
            return response.getStatusCode();
        }

        @Override
        public int getRawStatusCode() throws IOException {
            return response.getRawStatusCode();
        }

        @Override
        public String getStatusText() throws IOException {
            return response.getStatusText();
        }

        @Override
        public void close() {
            response.close();
        }

        @Override
        public InputStream getBody() throws IOException {
            if (body == null) {
                body = StreamUtils.copyToByteArray(response.getBody());
            }
            return new ByteArrayInputStream(body);
        }

        @Override
        public HttpHeaders getHeaders() {
            return response.getHeaders();
        }
    }
}

配置:

 @Bean
    public RestTemplateBuilder restTemplateBuilder() {
        return new RestTemplateBuilder()
                .additionalInterceptors(Collections.singletonList(new LoggingInterceptor()));
    }

日志输出示例:

2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 >  Request: POST http://localhost:53969/payment/v4/private/payment-lists/10022/templates
2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 >  Headers: {Accept=[application/json, application/json], Content-Type=[application/json;charset=UTF-8], Content-Length=[986]}
2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 >  Body: 
{"idKey":null, ...}
2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 <  Response: 200 OK 
2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 <  Headers: {Content-Type=[application/json;charset=UTF-8], Transfer-Encoding=[chunked], Date=[Mon, 08 Oct 2018 08:58:53 GMT]}
2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 <  Body: 
{ "idKey" : "10022", ...  }

日志创建RestTemplate

选项1。打开调试日志记录。

配置创建RestTemplate

默认情况下,RestTemplate依赖于标准JDK工具来建立HTTP连接。您可以切换到使用不同的HTTP库,如Apache HttpComponents @ bean public RestTemplate RestTemplate (RestTemplateBuilder) RestTemplate = builder.build(); 返回创建restTemplate; }

配置日志记录

application.yml 日志: 水平: org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate:调试

第二个选项。使用拦截器

包装器响应

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.util.StreamUtils;

public final class BufferingClientHttpResponseWrapper implements ClientHttpResponse {

    private final ClientHttpResponse response;

    private byte[] body;


    BufferingClientHttpResponseWrapper(ClientHttpResponse response) {
        this.response = response;
    }

    public HttpStatus getStatusCode() throws IOException {
        return this.response.getStatusCode();
    }

    public int getRawStatusCode() throws IOException {
        return this.response.getRawStatusCode();
    }

    public String getStatusText() throws IOException {
        return this.response.getStatusText();
    }

    public HttpHeaders getHeaders() {
        return this.response.getHeaders();
    }

    public InputStream getBody() throws IOException {
        if (this.body == null) {
            this.body = StreamUtils.copyToByteArray(this.response.getBody());
        }
        return new ByteArrayInputStream(this.body);
    }

    public void close() {
        this.response.close();
    }
}

实现拦截器

package com.example.logging;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.http.HttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestExecution;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestInterceptor;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpResponse;

public class LoggingRestTemplate implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor {

    private final static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggingRestTemplate.class);

    @Override
    public ClientHttpResponse intercept(HttpRequest request, byte[] body,
            ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException {
        traceRequest(request, body);
        ClientHttpResponse response = execution.execute(request, body);
        return traceResponse(response);
    }

    private void traceRequest(HttpRequest request, byte[] body) throws IOException {
        if (!LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) {
            return;
        }
        LOGGER.debug(
                "==========================request begin==============================================");
        LOGGER.debug("URI                 : {}", request.getURI());
        LOGGER.debug("Method            : {}", request.getMethod());
        LOGGER.debug("Headers         : {}", request.getHeaders());
        LOGGER.debug("Request body: {}", new String(body, "UTF-8"));
        LOGGER.debug(
                "==========================request end================================================");
    }

    private ClientHttpResponse traceResponse(ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException {
        if (!LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) {
            return response;
        }
        final ClientHttpResponse responseWrapper = new BufferingClientHttpResponseWrapper(response);
        StringBuilder inputStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(
                new InputStreamReader(responseWrapper.getBody(), "UTF-8"));
        String line = bufferedReader.readLine();
        while (line != null) {
            inputStringBuilder.append(line);
            inputStringBuilder.append('\n');
            line = bufferedReader.readLine();
        }
        LOGGER.debug(
                "==========================response begin=============================================");
        LOGGER.debug("Status code    : {}", responseWrapper.getStatusCode());
        LOGGER.debug("Status text    : {}", responseWrapper.getStatusText());
        LOGGER.debug("Headers            : {}", responseWrapper.getHeaders());
        LOGGER.debug("Response body: {}", inputStringBuilder.toString());
        LOGGER.debug(
                "==========================response end===============================================");
        return responseWrapper;
    }

}

配置创建RestTemplate

@Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate(RestTemplateBuilder builder) {
    RestTemplate restTemplate = builder.build();
    restTemplate.setInterceptors(Collections.singletonList(new LoggingRestTemplate()));
    return restTemplate;
}

配置日志记录

查看LoggingRestTemplate包,例如在application.yml中: 日志: 水平: com.example.logging:调试

选项3。使用httpcomponent

导入httpcomponent依赖项

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
  <artifactId>httpasyncclient</artifactId>

配置创建RestTemplate

@Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate(RestTemplateBuilder builder) {
    RestTemplate restTemplate = builder.build();
    restTemplate.setRequestFactory(new HttpComponentsAsyncClientHttpRequestFactory());
    return restTemplate;
}

配置日志记录

查看LoggingRestTemplate包,例如在application.yml中: 日志: 水平: org.apache.http:调试

在Apache HttpClient的帮助下登录Logback:

在类路径中需要Apache HttpClient:

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
  <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
  <version>4.5.10</version>
</dependency>

配置您的RestTemplate以使用HttpClient:

restTemplate.setRequestFactory(new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory());

要记录请求和响应,请添加到Logback配置文件:

<logger name="org.apache.http.wire" level="DEBUG"/>

或者记录更多:

<logger name="org.apache.http" level="DEBUG"/>