如何将可空的DateTime dt2转换为格式化的字符串?
DateTime dt = DateTime.Now;
Console.WriteLine(dt.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss")); //works
DateTime? dt2 = DateTime.Now;
Console.WriteLine(dt2.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss")); //gives following error:
ToString方法没有重载 一个参数
当前回答
你们把事情搞得太复杂了。重要的是，停止使用ToString，开始使用字符串格式，比如string。支持字符串格式的格式或方法，如Console.WriteLine。下面是这个问题的最佳解决方案。这也是最安全的。
更新:
我用当前c#编译器的最新方法更新了示例。条件操作符和字符串插值
DateTime? dt1 = DateTime.Now;
DateTime? dt2 = null;
Console.WriteLine("'{0:yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss}'", dt1);
Console.WriteLine("'{0:yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss}'", dt2);
// New C# 6 conditional operators (makes using .ToString safer if you must use it)
// https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/operators/null-conditional-operators
Console.WriteLine(dt1?.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss"));
Console.WriteLine(dt2?.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss"));
// New C# 6 string interpolation
// https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/language-reference/tokens/interpolated
Console.WriteLine($"'{dt1:yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss}'");
Console.WriteLine($"'{dt2:yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss}'");
输出:(我在里面放了单引号，所以你可以看到它返回为空字符串时为null)
'2019-04-09 08:01:39'
''
2019-04-09 08:01:39
'2019-04-09 08:01:39'
''
其他回答
我认为你必须使用getvalueordefault - method。如果实例为空，则不定义ToString("yy…")的行为。
dt2.GetValueOrDefault().ToString("yyy...");
简单的通用扩展
public static class Extensions
{
/// <summary>
/// Generic method for format nullable values
/// </summary>
/// <returns>Formated value or defaultValue</returns>
public static string ToString<T>(this Nullable<T> nullable, string format, string defaultValue = null) where T : struct
{
if (nullable.HasValue)
{
return String.Format("{0:" + format + "}", nullable.Value);
}
return defaultValue;
}
}
iformatable还包括一个可以使用的格式提供程序，它允许IFormatProvider的两种格式在dotnet 4.0中都为空
/// <summary>
/// Extentionclass for a nullable structs
/// </summary>
public static class NullableStructExtensions {
/// <summary>
/// Formats a nullable struct
/// </summary>
/// <param name="source"></param>
/// <param name="format">The format string
/// If <c>null</c> use the default format defined for the type of the IFormattable implementation.</param>
/// <param name="provider">The format provider
/// If <c>null</c> the default provider is used</param>
/// <param name="defaultValue">The string to show when the source is <c>null</c>.
/// If <c>null</c> an empty string is returned</param>
/// <returns>The formatted string or the default value if the source is <c>null</c></returns>
public static string ToString<T>(this T? source, string format = null,
IFormatProvider provider = null,
string defaultValue = null)
where T : struct, IFormattable {
return source.HasValue
? source.Value.ToString(format, provider)
: (String.IsNullOrEmpty(defaultValue) ? String.Empty : defaultValue);
}
}
与命名参数一起使用，你可以做到:
dt2。ToString (defaultValue: n / a”);
在旧版本的dotnet中，你会遇到很多重载
/// <summary>
/// Extentionclass for a nullable structs
/// </summary>
public static class NullableStructExtensions {
/// <summary>
/// Formats a nullable struct
/// </summary>
/// <param name="source"></param>
/// <param name="format">The format string
/// If <c>null</c> use the default format defined for the type of the IFormattable implementation.</param>
/// <param name="provider">The format provider
/// If <c>null</c> the default provider is used</param>
/// <param name="defaultValue">The string to show when the source is <c>null</c>.
/// If <c>null</c> an empty string is returned</param>
/// <returns>The formatted string or the default value if the source is <c>null</c></returns>
public static string ToString<T>(this T? source, string format,
IFormatProvider provider, string defaultValue)
where T : struct, IFormattable {
return source.HasValue
? source.Value.ToString(format, provider)
: (String.IsNullOrEmpty(defaultValue) ? String.Empty : defaultValue);
}
/// <summary>
/// Formats a nullable struct
/// </summary>
/// <param name="source"></param>
/// <param name="format">The format string
/// If <c>null</c> use the default format defined for the type of the IFormattable implementation.</param>
/// <param name="defaultValue">The string to show when the source is null. If <c>null</c> an empty string is returned</param>
/// <returns>The formatted string or the default value if the source is <c>null</c></returns>
public static string ToString<T>(this T? source, string format, string defaultValue)
where T : struct, IFormattable {
return ToString(source, format, null, defaultValue);
}
/// <summary>
/// Formats a nullable struct
/// </summary>
/// <param name="source"></param>
/// <param name="format">The format string
/// If <c>null</c> use the default format defined for the type of the IFormattable implementation.</param>
/// <param name="provider">The format provider (if <c>null</c> the default provider is used)</param>
/// <returns>The formatted string or an empty string if the source is <c>null</c></returns>
public static string ToString<T>(this T? source, string format, IFormatProvider provider)
where T : struct, IFormattable {
return ToString(source, format, provider, null);
}
/// <summary>
/// Formats a nullable struct or returns an empty string
/// </summary>
/// <param name="source"></param>
/// <param name="format">The format string
/// If <c>null</c> use the default format defined for the type of the IFormattable implementation.</param>
/// <returns>The formatted string or an empty string if the source is null</returns>
public static string ToString<T>(this T? source, string format)
where T : struct, IFormattable {
return ToString(source, format, null, null);
}
/// <summary>
/// Formats a nullable struct
/// </summary>
/// <param name="source"></param>
/// <param name="provider">The format provider (if <c>null</c> the default provider is used)</param>
/// <param name="defaultValue">The string to show when the source is <c>null</c>. If <c>null</c> an empty string is returned</param>
/// <returns>The formatted string or the default value if the source is <c>null</c></returns>
public static string ToString<T>(this T? source, IFormatProvider provider, string defaultValue)
where T : struct, IFormattable {
return ToString(source, null, provider, defaultValue);
}
/// <summary>
/// Formats a nullable struct or returns an empty string
/// </summary>
/// <param name="source"></param>
/// <param name="provider">The format provider (if <c>null</c> the default provider is used)</param>
/// <returns>The formatted string or an empty string if the source is <c>null</c></returns>
public static string ToString<T>(this T? source, IFormatProvider provider)
where T : struct, IFormattable {
return ToString(source, null, provider, null);
}
/// <summary>
/// Formats a nullable struct or returns an empty string
/// </summary>
/// <param name="source"></param>
/// <returns>The formatted string or an empty string if the source is <c>null</c></returns>
public static string ToString<T>(this T? source)
where T : struct, IFormattable {
return ToString(source, null, null, null);
}
}
这个问题的问题在于，当可为空的datetime没有值时，您没有指定所需的输出。下面的代码将输出DateTime。MinValue在这种情况下，与当前接受的答案不同，将不会抛出异常。
dt2.GetValueOrDefault().ToString(format);
最短的回答
$"{dt:yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss}"
测试
DateTime dt1 = DateTime.Now;
Console.Write("Test 1: ");
Console.WriteLine($"{dt1:yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss}"); //works
DateTime? dt2 = DateTime.Now;
Console.Write("Test 2: ");
Console.WriteLine($"{dt2:yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss}"); //Works
DateTime? dt3 = null;
Console.Write("Test 3: ");
Console.WriteLine($"{dt3:yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss}"); //Works - Returns empty string
Output
Test 1: 2017-08-03 12:38:57
Test 2: 2017-08-03 12:38:57
Test 3:
