新的和更好的方法:以下片段中的代码段将帮助您捕获反按事件。

JAVA

@Override
public void onAttach(@NonNull Context context) {
    super.onAttach(context);

    OnBackPressedCallback callback = new OnBackPressedCallback(true) {
        @Override
        public void handleOnBackPressed() {
            Toast.makeText(mContext, "back pressed", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            
            // And when you want to go back based on your condition
            if (yourCondition) {
                this.setEnabled(false);
                requireActivity().onBackPressed();
            }
        }
    };

    requireActivity().getOnBackPressedDispatcher().addCallback(this, callback);
}

科特林

activity?.onBackPressedDispatcher?.addCallback(viewLifecycleOwner, object : OnBackPressedCallback(true) {
    override fun handleOnBackPressed() {

    }
})

没有人提到我如何调用活动?这个逻辑中的onBackPressed。

所以我创建了一个可能对你有用的扩展:

fun Fragment.onBackClick(callback: (onBackPressedCallback: OnBackPressedCallback) -> Unit) {
// This callback will only be called when MyFragment is at least Started.

    activity?.onBackPressedDispatcher?.addCallback(viewLifecycleOwner) {
        callback.invoke(this)
    }
}

现在激动人心的部分调用onBackPressed当你的逻辑完成:

片段中的示例使用:

onBackClick { 
        if (shouldBackFromFrag){
            //do your logic when pressed back
        }else{
            it.isEnabled = false //the key to disable the dispatcher
            activity?.onBackPressed()
        }
    }

在我看来，最好的解决办法是:

JAVA解决方案

创建简单的界面:

public interface IOnBackPressed {
    /**
     * If you return true the back press will not be taken into account, otherwise the activity will act naturally
     * @return true if your processing has priority if not false
     */
    boolean onBackPressed();
}

在你的活动中

public class MyActivity extends Activity {
    @Override public void onBackPressed() {
    Fragment fragment = getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.main_container);
       if (!(fragment instanceof IOnBackPressed) || !((IOnBackPressed) fragment).onBackPressed()) {
          super.onBackPressed();
       }
    } ...
}

最后在你的片段中:

public class MyFragment extends Fragment implements IOnBackPressed{
   @Override
   public boolean onBackPressed() {
       if (myCondition) {
            //action not popBackStack
            return true; 
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }
}

芬兰湾的科特林解决方案

1 -创建接口

interface IOnBackPressed {
    fun onBackPressed(): Boolean
}

2 -准备你的活动

class MyActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    override fun onBackPressed() {
        val fragment =
            this.supportFragmentManager.findFragmentById(R.id.main_container)
        (fragment as? IOnBackPressed)?.onBackPressed()?.not()?.let {
            super.onBackPressed()
        }
    }
}

3 -实现在你的目标片段

class MyFragment : Fragment(), IOnBackPressed {
    override fun onBackPressed(): Boolean {
        return if (myCondition) {
            //action not popBackStack
            true
        } else {
            false
        }
    }
}

在我的解决方案(Kotlin);

我使用onBackAlternative函数作为BaseActivity的参数。

BaseActivity

abstract class BaseActivity {

    var onBackPressAlternative: (() -> Unit)? = null

    override fun onBackPressed() {
        if (onBackPressAlternative != null) {
            onBackPressAlternative!!()
        } else {
            super.onBackPressed()
        }
    }
}

我有一个函数在BaseFragment上设置onBackPressAlternative。

碱基片段

abstract class BaseFragment {

     override fun onStart() {
        super.onStart()
        ...
        setOnBackPressed(null) // Add this
     }

      //Method must be declared as open, for overriding in child class
     open fun setOnBackPressed(onBackAlternative: (() -> Unit)?) {
         (activity as BaseActivity<*, *>).onBackPressAlternative = onBackAlternative
     }
}

然后我的onBackPressAlternative就可以用于片段了。

子片段

override fun setOnBackPressed(onBackAlternative: (() -> Unit)?) {
    (activity as BaseActivity<*, *>).onBackPressAlternative = {
        // TODO Your own custom onback function 
    }
}

这很简单，如果你有一个活动A，你做了3个片段，如B,C和D。现在，如果你在片段B或C和onBackPressed你想移动到片段D每次。然后你必须重写onBackPressed()方法在主活动A，也当你跳转到任何片段，然后传递一个标签或名称的片段，通过你识别的片段在主活动A。

我举了一个例子，通过这个例子你可以很容易地理解....

if (savedInstanceState == null) {

   getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(R.id.container, new C_fragment(),"xyz").commit();

}

或者如果你正从片段B移动到片段C，在背按时你想要进入片段D…像下面的

btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

    @Override
    public void onClick(View view) {

        getActivity().getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(R.id.container, new C_frament(), "xyz").commit();
        ((ActionBarActivity) getActivity()).getSupportActionBar().setTitle("Fragment C");
    }
});

现在你必须重写主活动....中的onBackPressed()方法像下面. .

@Override
public void onBackPressed() {
    FragmentManager fragmentManager =getSupportFragmentManager();
    if (((C_fragment) getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag("xyz")) != null && ((C_fragment) getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag("xyz")).isVisible()) {
        Fragment fragment = new D_Fragment();
        fragmentManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.container, fragment).commit();
        getSupportActionBar().setTitle("D fragment ");
    } else {
        super.onBackPressed();
    }
}

这个对我很有用:https://stackoverflow.com/a/27145007/3934111

@Override
public void onResume() {
    super.onResume();

    if(getView() == null){
        return;
    }

    getView().setFocusableInTouchMode(true);
    getView().requestFocus();
    getView().setOnKeyListener(new View.OnKeyListener() {
        @Override
        public boolean onKey(View v, int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {

            if (event.getAction() == KeyEvent.ACTION_UP && keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK){
                // handle back button's click listener
                return true;
            }
            return false;
        }
    });
}