我可能有一个像下面这样的数组:

[1, 4, 2, 2, 6, 24, 15, 2, 60, 15, 6]

或者,实际上,任何类似类型的数据部分的序列。我要做的是确保每个相同的元素只有一个。例如,上面的数组将变成:

[1, 4, 2, 6, 24, 15, 60]

请注意,删除了2、6和15的重复项,以确保每个相同的元素中只有一个。Swift是否提供了一种容易做到这一点的方法,还是我必须自己做?


当前回答

你可以很容易地转换为一个Set和一个数组:

let unique = Array(Set(originals))

这并不能保证保持数组的原始顺序。

其他回答

如果你需要值排序,这是工作(Swift 4)

let sortedValues = Array(Set(Array)).sorted()

这只是一个非常简单和方便的实现。具有相等元素的数组扩展中的计算属性。

extension Array where Element: Equatable {
    /// Array containing only _unique_ elements.
    var unique: [Element] {
        var result: [Element] = []
        for element in self {
            if !result.contains(element) {
                result.append(element)
            }
        }

        return result
    }
}

斯威夫特4. x:

extension Sequence where Iterator.Element: Hashable {
  func unique() -> [Iterator.Element] {
    return Array(Set<Iterator.Element>(self))
  }

  func uniqueOrdered() -> [Iterator.Element] {
    return reduce([Iterator.Element]()) { $0.contains($1) ? $0 : $0 + [$1] }
  }
}

用法:

["Ljubljana", "London", "Los Angeles", "Ljubljana"].unique()

or

["Ljubljana", "London", "Los Angeles", "Ljubljana"].uniqueOrdered()

这在Swift 4中是有效的,如果你不想/需要将结果转换为数组,但可以使用Set。默认情况下,结果没有排序,但是可以使用sorted()这样做,它返回一个数组,如print语句所示。

let array = [1, 4, 2, 2, 6, 24, 15, 2, 60, 15, 6]

var result = Set<Int>()
_ = array.map{ result.insert($0) }

print(result.sorted())  // [1, 2, 4, 6, 15, 24, 60]

这里我对对象做了O(n)解。不是少行解决方案,而是……

struct DistinctWrapper <T>: Hashable {
    var underlyingObject: T
    var distinctAttribute: String
    var hashValue: Int {
        return distinctAttribute.hashValue
    }
}
func distinct<S : SequenceType, T where S.Generator.Element == T>(source: S,
                                                                distinctAttribute: (T) -> String,
                                                                resolution: (T, T) -> T) -> [T] {
    let wrappers: [DistinctWrapper<T>] = source.map({
        return DistinctWrapper(underlyingObject: $0, distinctAttribute: distinctAttribute($0))
    })
    var added = Set<DistinctWrapper<T>>()
    for wrapper in wrappers {
        if let indexOfExisting = added.indexOf(wrapper) {
            let old = added[indexOfExisting]
            let winner = resolution(old.underlyingObject, wrapper.underlyingObject)
            added.insert(DistinctWrapper(underlyingObject: winner, distinctAttribute: distinctAttribute(winner)))
        } else {
            added.insert(wrapper)
        }
    }
    return Array(added).map( { return $0.underlyingObject } )
}
func == <T>(lhs: DistinctWrapper<T>, rhs: DistinctWrapper<T>) -> Bool {
    return lhs.hashValue == rhs.hashValue
}

// tests
// case : perhaps we want to get distinct addressbook list which may contain duplicated contacts like Irma and Irma Burgess with same phone numbers
// solution : definitely we want to exclude Irma and keep Irma Burgess
class Person {
    var name: String
    var phoneNumber: String
    init(_ name: String, _ phoneNumber: String) {
        self.name = name
        self.phoneNumber = phoneNumber
    }
}

let persons: [Person] = [Person("Irma Burgess", "11-22-33"), Person("Lester Davidson", "44-66-22"), Person("Irma", "11-22-33")]
let distinctPersons = distinct(persons,
    distinctAttribute: { (person: Person) -> String in
        return person.phoneNumber
    },
    resolution:
    { (p1, p2) -> Person in
        return p1.name.characters.count > p2.name.characters.count ? p1 : p2
    }
)
// distinctPersons contains ("Irma Burgess", "11-22-33") and ("Lester Davidson", "44-66-22")