我可能有一个像下面这样的数组:
[1, 4, 2, 2, 6, 24, 15, 2, 60, 15, 6]
或者,实际上,任何类似类型的数据部分的序列。我要做的是确保每个相同的元素只有一个。例如,上面的数组将变成:
[1, 4, 2, 6, 24, 15, 60]
请注意,删除了2、6和15的重复项,以确保每个相同的元素中只有一个。Swift是否提供了一种容易做到这一点的方法,还是我必须自己做?
我可能有一个像下面这样的数组:
[1, 4, 2, 2, 6, 24, 15, 2, 60, 15, 6]
或者,实际上,任何类似类型的数据部分的序列。我要做的是确保每个相同的元素只有一个。例如,上面的数组将变成:
[1, 4, 2, 6, 24, 15, 60]
请注意,删除了2、6和15的重复项,以确保每个相同的元素中只有一个。Swift是否提供了一种容易做到这一点的方法,还是我必须自己做?
当前回答
var numbers = [1,2,3,4,5,10,10, 12, 12, 6,6,6,7,8,8, 8, 8, 8 , 7 , 1 , 1, 2 , 9]
var newArr : [Int] = []
for n in numbers {
if !newArr.contains(n) {
newArr.append(n)
}
}
输出- [1,2,3,4,5,10,12,6,7,8,9]
上面的解决方案保持了顺序,但是很慢,因为.contains一次又一次地迭代。 因此使用有序集。
这将打印有序数组。
Array(NSOrderedSet.init(array: numbers))
输出- [1,2,3,4,5,10,12,6,7,8,9]
这将打印一个无序数组。
let uniqueUnordered = Array(Set(numbers))
输出- [4,2,1,9,10,3,5,6,8,12,7]
其他回答
为此,我做了一个尽可能简单的扩展。
extension Array where Element: Equatable {
func containsHowMany(_ elem: Element) -> Int {
return reduce(0) { $1 == elem ? $0 + 1 : $0 }
}
func duplicatesRemoved() -> Array {
return self.filter { self.containsHowMany($0) == 1 }
}
mutating func removeDuplicates() {
self = self.duplicatesRemoved(()
}
}
您可以使用duplicatesRemoved()来获取一个新数组,它的重复元素将被删除,或者使用removeduplicate()来改变自身。看到的:
let arr = [1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 7, 8]
let noDuplicates = arr.duplicatesRemoved()
print(arr) // [1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 7, 8]
print(noDuplicates) // [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
arr.removeDuplicates()
print(arr) // [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
斯威夫特4. x:
extension Sequence where Iterator.Element: Hashable {
func unique() -> [Iterator.Element] {
return Array(Set<Iterator.Element>(self))
}
func uniqueOrdered() -> [Iterator.Element] {
return reduce([Iterator.Element]()) { $0.contains($1) ? $0 : $0 + [$1] }
}
}
用法:
["Ljubljana", "London", "Los Angeles", "Ljubljana"].unique()
or
["Ljubljana", "London", "Los Angeles", "Ljubljana"].uniqueOrdered()
这里我对对象做了O(n)解。不是少行解决方案,而是……
struct DistinctWrapper <T>: Hashable {
var underlyingObject: T
var distinctAttribute: String
var hashValue: Int {
return distinctAttribute.hashValue
}
}
func distinct<S : SequenceType, T where S.Generator.Element == T>(source: S,
distinctAttribute: (T) -> String,
resolution: (T, T) -> T) -> [T] {
let wrappers: [DistinctWrapper<T>] = source.map({
return DistinctWrapper(underlyingObject: $0, distinctAttribute: distinctAttribute($0))
})
var added = Set<DistinctWrapper<T>>()
for wrapper in wrappers {
if let indexOfExisting = added.indexOf(wrapper) {
let old = added[indexOfExisting]
let winner = resolution(old.underlyingObject, wrapper.underlyingObject)
added.insert(DistinctWrapper(underlyingObject: winner, distinctAttribute: distinctAttribute(winner)))
} else {
added.insert(wrapper)
}
}
return Array(added).map( { return $0.underlyingObject } )
}
func == <T>(lhs: DistinctWrapper<T>, rhs: DistinctWrapper<T>) -> Bool {
return lhs.hashValue == rhs.hashValue
}
// tests
// case : perhaps we want to get distinct addressbook list which may contain duplicated contacts like Irma and Irma Burgess with same phone numbers
// solution : definitely we want to exclude Irma and keep Irma Burgess
class Person {
var name: String
var phoneNumber: String
init(_ name: String, _ phoneNumber: String) {
self.name = name
self.phoneNumber = phoneNumber
}
}
let persons: [Person] = [Person("Irma Burgess", "11-22-33"), Person("Lester Davidson", "44-66-22"), Person("Irma", "11-22-33")]
let distinctPersons = distinct(persons,
distinctAttribute: { (person: Person) -> String in
return person.phoneNumber
},
resolution:
{ (p1, p2) -> Person in
return p1.name.characters.count > p2.name.characters.count ? p1 : p2
}
)
// distinctPersons contains ("Irma Burgess", "11-22-33") and ("Lester Davidson", "44-66-22")
让我提出一个类似于斯科特·加德纳的答案,但使用了更简洁的reduce语法。 此解决方案从自定义对象数组中删除重复项(保持初始顺序)
// Custom Struct. Can be also class.
// Need to be `equitable` in order to use `contains` method below
struct CustomStruct : Equatable {
let name: String
let lastName : String
}
// conform to Equatable protocol. feel free to change the logic of "equality"
func ==(lhs: CustomStruct, rhs: CustomStruct) -> Bool {
return (lhs.name == rhs.name && lhs.lastName == rhs.lastName)
}
let categories = [CustomStruct(name: "name1", lastName: "lastName1"),
CustomStruct(name: "name2", lastName: "lastName1"),
CustomStruct(name: "name1", lastName: "lastName1")]
print(categories.count) // prints 3
// remove duplicates (and keep initial order of elements)
let uniq1 : [CustomStruct] = categories.reduce([]) { $0.contains($1) ? $0 : $0 + [$1] }
print(uniq1.count) // prints 2 - third element has removed
如果你想知道这个约简魔法是如何工作的,这里是完全相同的,只是使用了更扩展的约简语法
let uniq2 : [CustomStruct] = categories.reduce([]) { (result, category) in
var newResult = result
if (newResult.contains(category)) {}
else {
newResult.append(category)
}
return newResult
}
uniq2.count // prints 2 - third element has removed
你可以简单地复制粘贴这段代码到Swift Playground中。
我认为这是更好的理解逻辑的方法
var arrayOfInts = [2, 2, 4, 4]
var mainArray = [Int]()
for value in arrayOfInts {
if mainArray.contains(value) != true {
mainArray.append(value)
print("mainArray:\(mainArray)")
}}