You may use a little bit generic exceptions for that conditions. For e.g. ArgumentException is meant to be used when anything goes wrong with the parameters to a method (with the exception of ArgumentNullException). Generally you would not need exceptions like LessThanZeroException, NotPrimeNumberException etc. Think of the user of your method. The number of the conditions that she will want to handle specifically is equal to the number of the type of the exceptions that your method needs to throw. This way, you can determine how detailed exceptions you will have.

顺便说一下，总是尝试为库的用户提供一些避免异常的方法。TryParse就是一个很好的例子，它的存在使你不必使用int。解析并捕获异常。在您的情况下，您可能希望提供一些方法来检查用户名是否有效或密码是否正确，这样您的用户(或您)就不必进行大量异常处理。这将有望产生更易于阅读的代码和更好的性能。

以下是我的建议:

我不认为这总是一个抛出异常的好方法，因为它将花费更多的时间和内存来处理这样的异常。

在我看来，如果某些事情可以用“友好、礼貌”的方式处理(这意味着如果我们可以“通过使用if......或类似的东西来预测这样的错误)，我们应该避免使用“异常”，而只是返回一个像“false”这样的标志，用一个外部参数值告诉他/她详细的原因。

举个例子，我们可以这样创建一个类:

public class ValueReturnWithInfo<T>
{
   public T Value{get;private set;}
   public string errorMsg{get;private set;}
   public ValueReturnWithInfo(T value,string errmsg)
   {
      Value = value;
      errMsg = errmsg;
   }
}

我们可以使用这种“多值返回”类来代替错误，这似乎是处理异常问题的一种更好、更礼貌的方式。

但是，请注意，如果一些错误不能如此容易地用"if"......(例如FileIO异常)描述(这取决于您的编程经验)，则必须抛出异常。

If it's code running inside a loop that will likely cause an exception over and over again, then throwing exceptions is not a good thing, because they are pretty slow for large N. But there is nothing wrong with throwing custom exceptions if the performance is not an issue. Just make sure that you have a base exception that they all inherite, called BaseException or something like that. BaseException inherits System.Exception, but all of your exceptions inherit BaseException. You can even have a tree of Exception types to group similar types, but this may or may not be overkill.

因此，简短的回答是，如果它不会导致显著的性能损失(除非抛出大量异常，否则不应该如此)，那么就继续执行。

异常是一种代价高昂的效果，例如，如果您有一个用户提供了无效的密码，那么通常更好的方法是返回一个失败标志，或其他一些无效的指示。

这是由于异常处理的方式，真正的错误输入和唯一的关键停止项应该是异常，而不是失败的登录信息。

To my mind, the fundamental question should be whether one would expect that the caller would want to continue normal program flow if a condition occurs. If you don't know, either have separate doSomething and trySomething methods, where the former returns an error and the latter does not, or have a routine that accepts a parameter to indicate whether an exception should be thrown if it fails). Consider a class to send commands to a remote system and report responses. Certain commands (e.g. restart) will cause the remote system to send a response but then be non-responsive for a certain length of time. It is thus useful to be able to send a "ping" command and find out whether the remote system responds in a reasonable length of time without having to throw an exception if it doesn't (the caller would probably expect that the first few "ping" attempts would fail, but one would eventually work). On the other hand, if one has a sequence of commands like:

  exchange_command("open tempfile");
  exchange_command("write tempfile data {whatever}");
  exchange_command("write tempfile data {whatever}");
  exchange_command("write tempfile data {whatever}");
  exchange_command("write tempfile data {whatever}");
  exchange_command("close tempfile");
  exchange_command("copy tempfile to realfile");

人们会希望任何操作的失败都能中止整个序列。虽然可以检查每个操作以确保操作成功，但如果命令失败，让exchange_command()例程抛出异常会更有帮助。

实际上，在上面的场景中，有一个参数来选择一些失败处理模式可能会有所帮助:从不抛出异常，仅为通信错误抛出异常，或者在命令没有返回“成功”指示的任何情况下抛出异常。

一般来说，你想要为应用程序中可能发生的任何异常抛出一个"异常"

在您的示例中，这两个异常看起来都是通过密码/用户名验证调用的。在这种情况下，有人会输入错误的用户名/密码并不是什么例外。

它们是UML主要流程的“例外”，但在处理过程中是更多的“分支”。

如果您试图访问您的passwd文件或数据库，但无法访问，这将是一个异常情况，并需要抛出异常。