是否有一种方法可以在swift中打印变量的运行时类型?例如:
var now = NSDate()
var soon = now.dateByAddingTimeInterval(5.0)
println("\(now.dynamicType)")
// Prints "(Metatype)"
println("\(now.dynamicType.description()")
// Prints "__NSDate" since objective-c Class objects have a "description" selector
println("\(soon.dynamicType.description()")
// Compile-time error since ImplicitlyUnwrappedOptional<NSDate> has no "description" method
在上面的例子中，我正在寻找一种方法来显示变量“soon”的类型是ImplicitlyUnwrappedOptional<NSDate>，或至少NSDate!
当前回答
我目前的Xcode版本是6.0 (6A280e)。
import Foundation
class Person { var name: String; init(name: String) { self.name = name }}
class Patient: Person {}
class Doctor: Person {}
var variables:[Any] = [
5,
7.5,
true,
"maple",
Person(name:"Sarah"),
Patient(name:"Pat"),
Doctor(name:"Sandy")
]
for variable in variables {
let typeLongName = _stdlib_getDemangledTypeName(variable)
let tokens = split(typeLongName, { $0 == "." })
if let typeName = tokens.last {
println("Variable \(variable) is of Type \(typeName).")
}
}
输出:
Variable 5 is of Type Int.
Variable 7.5 is of Type Double.
Variable true is of Type Bool.
Variable maple is of Type String.
Variable Swift001.Person is of Type Person.
Variable Swift001.Patient is of Type Patient.
Variable Swift001.Doctor is of Type Doctor.
其他回答
2016年9月更新
Swift 3.0:使用type(of:)，例如type(of: someThing)(因为dynamicType关键字已被删除)
2015年10月更新:
我更新了下面的例子到新的Swift 2.0语法(例如println替换为print, toString()现在是String())。
Xcode 6.3发布说明:
@nschum在评论中指出，Xcode 6.3发布说明显示了另一种方式:
使用时，类型值现在打印为完整的需求类型名 Println或字符串插值。
import Foundation
class PureSwiftClass { }
var myvar0 = NSString() // Objective-C class
var myvar1 = PureSwiftClass()
var myvar2 = 42
var myvar3 = "Hans"
print( "String(myvar0.dynamicType) -> \(myvar0.dynamicType)")
print( "String(myvar1.dynamicType) -> \(myvar1.dynamicType)")
print( "String(myvar2.dynamicType) -> \(myvar2.dynamicType)")
print( "String(myvar3.dynamicType) -> \(myvar3.dynamicType)")
print( "String(Int.self) -> \(Int.self)")
print( "String((Int?).self -> \((Int?).self)")
print( "String(NSString.self) -> \(NSString.self)")
print( "String(Array<String>.self) -> \(Array<String>.self)")
输出:
String(myvar0.dynamicType) -> __NSCFConstantString
String(myvar1.dynamicType) -> PureSwiftClass
String(myvar2.dynamicType) -> Int
String(myvar3.dynamicType) -> String
String(Int.self) -> Int
String((Int?).self -> Optional<Int>
String(NSString.self) -> NSString
String(Array<String>.self) -> Array<String>
Xcode 6.3更新:
你可以使用_stdlib_getDemangledTypeName():
print( "TypeName0 = \(_stdlib_getDemangledTypeName(myvar0))")
print( "TypeName1 = \(_stdlib_getDemangledTypeName(myvar1))")
print( "TypeName2 = \(_stdlib_getDemangledTypeName(myvar2))")
print( "TypeName3 = \(_stdlib_getDemangledTypeName(myvar3))")
并将其作为输出:
TypeName0 = NSString
TypeName1 = __lldb_expr_26.PureSwiftClass
TypeName2 = Swift.Int
TypeName3 = Swift.String
最初的回答:
在Xcode 6.3之前，_stdlib_getTypeName获取变量的类型名。伊万·斯维克(Ewan Swick)的博客有助于解读这些字符串:
例如:_TtSi代表Swift的内部Int类型。
Mike Ash有一篇很棒的博客文章涉及了同样的主题。
这就是你要找的吗?
println("\(object_getClassName(now))");
它输出__NSDate
更新:请注意，这似乎不再工作Beta05
要在Swift中获得对象类型或对象类，您必须使用类型(of: youobject)
类型(:yourObject)
我的运气是:
let className = NSStringFromClass(obj.dynamicType)
从Xcode 6.3到Swift 1.2，你可以简单地将类型值转换为完整的需求型字符串。
toString(Int) // "Swift.Int"
toString(Int.Type) // "Swift.Int.Type"
toString((10).dynamicType) // "Swift.Int"
println(Bool.self) // "Swift.Bool"
println([UTF8].self) // "Swift.Array<Swift.UTF8>"
println((Int, String).self) // "(Swift.Int, Swift.String)"
println((String?()).dynamicType)// "Swift.Optional<Swift.String>"
println(NSDate) // "NSDate"
println(NSDate.Type) // "NSDate.Type"
println(WKWebView) // "WKWebView"
toString(MyClass) // "[Module Name].MyClass"
toString(MyClass().dynamicType) // "[Module Name].MyClass"
