是否有一种方法可以在swift中打印变量的运行时类型?例如:
var now = NSDate()
var soon = now.dateByAddingTimeInterval(5.0)
println("\(now.dynamicType)")
// Prints "(Metatype)"
println("\(now.dynamicType.description()")
// Prints "__NSDate" since objective-c Class objects have a "description" selector
println("\(soon.dynamicType.description()")
// Compile-time error since ImplicitlyUnwrappedOptional<NSDate> has no "description" method
在上面的例子中，我正在寻找一种方法来显示变量“soon”的类型是ImplicitlyUnwrappedOptional<NSDate>，或至少NSDate!
当前回答
我目前的Xcode版本是6.0 (6A280e)。
import Foundation
class Person { var name: String; init(name: String) { self.name = name }}
class Patient: Person {}
class Doctor: Person {}
var variables:[Any] = [
5,
7.5,
true,
"maple",
Person(name:"Sarah"),
Patient(name:"Pat"),
Doctor(name:"Sandy")
]
for variable in variables {
let typeLongName = _stdlib_getDemangledTypeName(variable)
let tokens = split(typeLongName, { $0 == "." })
if let typeName = tokens.last {
println("Variable \(variable) is of Type \(typeName).")
}
}
输出:
Variable 5 is of Type Int.
Variable 7.5 is of Type Double.
Variable true is of Type Bool.
Variable maple is of Type String.
Variable Swift001.Person is of Type Person.
Variable Swift001.Patient is of Type Patient.
Variable Swift001.Doctor is of Type Doctor.
其他回答
我找到了这个解决方案，希望对其他人也有用。 我创建了一个类方法来访问该值。请记住，这只适用于NSObject子类。但至少是一个干净整洁的解决方案。
class var className: String!{
let classString : String = NSStringFromClass(self.classForCoder())
return classString.componentsSeparatedByString(".").last;
}
斯威夫特4:
// "TypeName"
func stringType(of some: Any) -> String {
let string = (some is Any.Type) ? String(describing: some) : String(describing: type(of: some))
return string
}
// "ModuleName.TypeName"
func fullStringType(of some: Any) -> String {
let string = (some is Any.Type) ? String(reflecting: some) : String(reflecting: type(of: some))
return string
}
用法:
print(stringType(of: SomeClass())) // "SomeClass"
print(stringType(of: SomeClass.self)) // "SomeClass"
print(stringType(of: String())) // "String"
print(fullStringType(of: String())) // "Swift.String"
在最新的XCode 6.3和Swift 1.2中，这是我发现的唯一方法:
if view.classForCoder.description() == "UISegment" {
...
}
斯威夫特3.0
let string = "Hello"
let stringArray = ["one", "two"]
let dictionary = ["key": 2]
print(type(of: string)) // "String"
// Get type name as a string
String(describing: type(of: string)) // "String"
String(describing: type(of: stringArray)) // "Array<String>"
String(describing: type(of: dictionary)) // "Dictionary<String, Int>"
// Get full type as a string
String(reflecting: type(of: string)) // "Swift.String"
String(reflecting: type(of: stringArray)) // "Swift.Array<Swift.String>"
String(reflecting: type(of: dictionary)) // "Swift.Dictionary<Swift.String, Swift.Int>"
似乎没有通用的方法来打印任意值的类型的类型名。正如其他人所注意到的，对于类实例，可以打印值。但是对于基本值，在运行时，类型信息消失了。
例如，似乎没有一种方法可以输入:1.something()并得到Int的任何值。(正如另一个答案所建议的那样，您可以使用i. bridgetooobjecvec()。__NSCFNumber实际上并不是i的类型——只是当它越过Objective-C函数调用的边界时它将被转换为的类型。)
我很乐意被证明是错的，但看起来类型检查都是在编译时完成的，而且像c++(禁用RTTI)一样，很多类型信息在运行时就消失了。
