我对Java比较陌生，经常发现需要对值进行Map<Key，Value>排序。
由于这些值不是唯一的，我发现自己将keySet转换为一个数组，并使用自定义比较器通过数组排序对该数组进行排序，该比较器根据与该键关联的值进行排序。
有没有更简单的方法？
当前回答
HashMap＜String，Long＞的最简单的暴力排序HashMap方法：您可以复制粘贴它，然后这样使用：
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
HashMap<String, Long> hashMap = new HashMap<>();
hashMap.put("Cat", (long) 4);
hashMap.put("Human", (long) 2);
hashMap.put("Dog", (long) 4);
hashMap.put("Fish", (long) 0);
hashMap.put("Tree", (long) 1);
hashMap.put("Three-legged-human", (long) 3);
hashMap.put("Monkey", (long) 2);
System.out.println(hashMap); //{Human=2, Cat=4, Three-legged-human=3, Monkey=2, Fish=0, Tree=1, Dog=4}
System.out.println(sortHashMap(hashMap)); //{Cat=4, Dog=4, Three-legged-human=3, Human=2, Monkey=2, Tree=1, Fish=0}
}
public LinkedHashMap<String, Long> sortHashMap(HashMap<String, Long> unsortedMap) {
LinkedHashMap<String, Long> result = new LinkedHashMap<>();
//add String keys to an array: the array would get sorted, based on those keys' values
ArrayList<String> sortedKeys = new ArrayList<>();
for (String key: unsortedMap.keySet()) {
sortedKeys.add(key);
}
//sort the ArrayList<String> of keys
for (int i=0; i<unsortedMap.size(); i++) {
for (int j=1; j<sortedKeys.size(); j++) {
if (unsortedMap.get(sortedKeys.get(j)) > unsortedMap.get(sortedKeys.get(j-1))) {
String temp = sortedKeys.get(j);
sortedKeys.set(j, sortedKeys.get(j-1));
sortedKeys.set(j-1, temp);
}
}
}
// construct the result Map
for (String key: sortedKeys) {
result.put(key, unsortedMap.get(key));
}
return result;
}
}
其他回答
这太复杂了。地图不应该按价值排序。最简单的方法是创建自己的类，以满足您的需求。
在下面的示例中，您应该在*所在的位置添加TreeMap比较器。但通过javaAPI，它只提供比较器键，而不提供值。此处所述的所有示例均基于2个地图。一个哈希和一个新树。这很奇怪。
示例：
Map<Driver driver, Float time> map = new TreeMap<Driver driver, Float time>(*);
因此，通过以下方式将地图更改为集合：
ResultComparator rc = new ResultComparator();
Set<Results> set = new TreeSet<Results>(rc);
您将创建类Results，
public class Results {
private Driver driver;
private Float time;
public Results(Driver driver, Float time) {
this.driver = driver;
this.time = time;
}
public Float getTime() {
return time;
}
public void setTime(Float time) {
this.time = time;
}
public Driver getDriver() {
return driver;
}
public void setDriver (Driver driver) {
this.driver = driver;
}
}
以及Comparator类：
public class ResultsComparator implements Comparator<Results> {
public int compare(Results t, Results t1) {
if (t.getTime() < t1.getTime()) {
return 1;
} else if (t.getTime() == t1.getTime()) {
return 0;
} else {
return -1;
}
}
}
这样，您可以轻松添加更多依赖项。
最后一点，我将添加简单迭代器：
Iterator it = set.iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
Results r = (Results)it.next();
System.out.println( r.getDriver().toString
//or whatever that is related to Driver class -getName() getSurname()
+ " "
+ r.getTime()
);
}
主要问题。如果您使用第一个答案（Google将您带到这里），请更改比较器以添加等号子句，否则无法按键从sorted_map中获取值：
public int compare(String a, String b) {
if (base.get(a) > base.get(b)) {
return 1;
} else if (base.get(a) < base.get(b)){
return -1;
}
return 0;
// returning 0 would merge keys
}
我们只需像这样对地图进行排序
Map<String, String> unsortedMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
unsortedMap.put("E", "E Val");
unsortedMap.put("F", "F Val");
unsortedMap.put("H", "H Val");
unsortedMap.put("B", "B Val");
unsortedMap.put("C", "C Val");
unsortedMap.put("A", "A Val");
unsortedMap.put("G", "G Val");
unsortedMap.put("D", "D Val");
Map<String, String> sortedMap = new TreeMap<String, String>(unsortedMap);
System.out.println("\nAfter sorting..");
for (Map.Entry <String, String> mapEntry : sortedMap.entrySet()) {
System.out.println(mapEntry.getKey() + " \t" + mapEntry.getValue());
这还有一个额外的好处，即可以使用Java8进行升序或降序排序
import static java.util.Comparator.comparingInt;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toMap;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
class Utils {
public static Map<String, Integer> sortMapBasedOnValues(Map<String, Integer> map, boolean descending) {
int multiplyBy = (descending) ? -1: 1;
Map<String, Integer> sorted = map.entrySet().stream()
.sorted(comparingInt(e -> multiplyBy * e.getValue() ))
.collect(toMap(
Map.Entry::getKey,
Map.Entry::getValue,
(a, b) -> { throw new AssertionError();},
LinkedHashMap::new
));
return sorted;
}
}
当你有两个相等的项目时，投票给最多的答案不起作用。TreeMap保留相等的值。
示例：未排序地图
key/value: D/67.3 key/value: A/99.5 key/value: B/67.4 key/value: C/67.5 key/value: E/99.5
后果
key/value: A/99.5 key/value: C/67.5 key/value: B/67.4 key/value: D/67.3
所以省略了E！！
对我来说，它可以很好地调整比较器，如果它等于，则不返回0，而是返回-1。
在示例中：
类ValueComparator实现Comparator{地图库；公共ValueComparator（地图库）{this.base=基数；}public int compare（对象a，对象b）{如果（（双）base.get（a）<（双）base.get（b））{返回1；}否则如果（（双）base.get（a）==（双）base.get（b））{返回-1；}其他{返回-1；}}}
现在它返回：
未排序地图：
key/value: D/67.3 key/value: A/99.5 key/value: B/67.4 key/value: C/67.5 key/value: E/99.5
结果：
key/value: A/99.5 key/value: E/99.5 key/value: C/67.5 key/value: B/67.4 key/value: D/67.3
作为对《外国人》的回应（2011年11月22日）：我将此解决方案用于整数Id和名称的映射，但想法是相同的，因此上面的代码可能不正确（我将在测试中编写并给您正确的代码），这是基于上面解决方案的map排序代码：
package nl.iamit.util;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.Map;
public class Comparators {
public static class MapIntegerStringComparator implements Comparator {
Map<Integer, String> base;
public MapIntegerStringComparator(Map<Integer, String> base) {
this.base = base;
}
public int compare(Object a, Object b) {
int compare = ((String) base.get(a))
.compareTo((String) base.get(b));
if (compare == 0) {
return -1;
}
return compare;
}
}
}
这是测试类（我刚刚测试了它，这适用于Integer，StringMap：
package test.nl.iamit.util;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.TreeMap;
import nl.iamit.util.Comparators;
import org.junit.Test;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
public class TestComparators {
@Test
public void testMapIntegerStringComparator(){
HashMap<Integer, String> unSoretedMap = new HashMap<Integer, String>();
Comparators.MapIntegerStringComparator bvc = new Comparators.MapIntegerStringComparator(
unSoretedMap);
TreeMap<Integer, String> sorted_map = new TreeMap<Integer, String>(bvc);
//the testdata:
unSoretedMap.put(new Integer(1), "E");
unSoretedMap.put(new Integer(2), "A");
unSoretedMap.put(new Integer(3), "E");
unSoretedMap.put(new Integer(4), "B");
unSoretedMap.put(new Integer(5), "F");
sorted_map.putAll(unSoretedMap);
Object[] targetKeys={new Integer(2),new Integer(4),new Integer(3),new Integer(1),new Integer(5) };
Object[] currecntKeys=sorted_map.keySet().toArray();
assertArrayEquals(targetKeys,currecntKeys);
}
}
以下是地图比较器的代码：
public static class MapStringDoubleComparator implements Comparator {
Map<String, Double> base;
public MapStringDoubleComparator(Map<String, Double> base) {
this.base = base;
}
//note if you want decending in stead of ascending, turn around 1 and -1
public int compare(Object a, Object b) {
if ((Double) base.get(a) == (Double) base.get(b)) {
return 0;
} else if((Double) base.get(a) < (Double) base.get(b)) {
return -1;
}else{
return 1;
}
}
}
这是一个测试用例：
@Test
public void testMapStringDoubleComparator(){
HashMap<String, Double> unSoretedMap = new HashMap<String, Double>();
Comparators.MapStringDoubleComparator bvc = new Comparators.MapStringDoubleComparator(
unSoretedMap);
TreeMap<String, Double> sorted_map = new TreeMap<String, Double>(bvc);
//the testdata:
unSoretedMap.put("D",new Double(67.3));
unSoretedMap.put("A",new Double(99.5));
unSoretedMap.put("B",new Double(67.4));
unSoretedMap.put("C",new Double(67.5));
unSoretedMap.put("E",new Double(99.5));
sorted_map.putAll(unSoretedMap);
Object[] targetKeys={"D","B","C","E","A"};
Object[] currecntKeys=sorted_map.keySet().toArray();
assertArrayEquals(targetKeys,currecntKeys);
}
当然，你可以让它更通用，但我只需要一个案例（地图）
