有没有比下面的pausecomp函数(取自此处)更好的方法来设计JavaScript中的睡眠?

function pausecomp(millis)
{
    var date = new Date();
    var curDate = null;
    do { curDate = new Date(); }
    while(curDate-date < millis);
}

这不是JavaScript中的Sleep的重复-动作之间的延迟;我希望在函数的中间有一个真正的睡眠,而不是在代码执行之前有一段延迟。


当前回答

在某些情况下,一个很好的选择是显示一个顶级消息面板来停止用户交互,然后在得到等待的结果时再次隐藏它(异步)。这允许浏览器继续执行后台任务,但会暂停工作流,直到您返回结果。

其他回答

使用更好的DX实现更安全的异步睡眠

我使用睡眠进行调试。。。我忘了用wait太多次了。让我挠头。我在写下面的实时片段时忘记使用await。。。不再!

如果您在1毫秒内运行了两次,下面的睡眠功能会提醒您。如果您确定使用了await,它还支持传递一个相当的参数。它不会投掷,因此可以安全地用作睡眠的替代品。享受

是的,实时片段中有一个JavaScript版本。

// Sleep, with protection against accidentally forgetting to use await
export const sleep = (s: number, quiet?: boolean) => {
  const sleepId = 'SLEEP_' + Date.now()
  const G = globalThis as any
  if (G[sleepId] === true && !quiet) {
    console.error('Did you call sleep without await? use quiet to hide msg.')
  } else {
    G[sleepId] = true
  }
  return new Promise((resolve) => {
    !quiet && setTimeout(() => {
      delete G[sleepId]
    }, 1)
    setTimeout(resolve, (s * 1000) | 0)
  })
}

//睡眠,防止意外忘记使用等待常量睡眠=(s,安静)=>{constsleepId='SLEEP_'+Date.now()const G=全局此if(G[sleepId]==true&&!quiet){console.error('您是否在没有等待的情况下调用sleep?使用quiet隐藏消息。')}其他{G[sleepId]=真}return new Promise((resolve)=>{!quiet&&setTimeout(()=>{删除G[sleepId]}, 1)setTimeout(解析,(s*1000)|0)})}常量main=async()=>{console.log('休眠1秒…')等待睡眠(1)console.log('使用等待的目标…')睡眠(99)睡眠(99)等待睡眠(1,true)console.log(“开发人员快乐!”)}main()

与公认更容易阅读的相比:

const sleep = (s: number) =>
  new Promise((p) => setTimeout(p, (s * 1000) | 0))

我相信有一百万种方法可以做得更好,但我想我可以通过创建一个对象来尝试一下:

// execute code consecutively with delays (blocking/non-blocking internally)
function timed_functions()
{
    this.myfuncs = [];
    this.myfuncs_delays = []; // mirrors keys of myfuncs -- values stored are custom delays, or -1 for use default
    this.myfuncs_count = 0; // increment by 1 whenever we add a function
    this.myfuncs_prev    = -1; // previous index in array
    this.myfuncs_cur    = 0; // current index in array
    this.myfuncs_next  = 0; // next index in array
    this.delay_cur     = 0; // current delay in ms
    this.delay_default = 0; // default delay in ms
    this.loop = false;      // will this object continue to execute when at end of myfuncs array?
    this.finished = false;  // are we there yet?
    this.blocking = true;   // wait till code completes before firing timer?
    this.destroy = false;   // <advanced> destroy self when finished


    this.next_cycle = function() {
        var that  = this;
        var mytimer = this.delay_default;

        if(this.myfuncs_cur > -1)
            if(this.myfuncs_delays[this.myfuncs_cur] > -1)
                mytimer = this.myfuncs_delays[this.myfuncs_cur];

        console.log("fnc:" + this.myfuncs_cur);
        console.log("timer:" + mytimer);
        console.log("custom delay:" + this.myfuncs_delays[this.myfuncs_cur]);
        setTimeout(function() {
        // Time is up! Next cycle...
        that.cycle();

    }, mytimer);
}

this.cycle = function() {

    // Now check how far we are along our queue.. is this the last function?
    if(this.myfuncs_next + 1 > this.myfuncs_count)
    {
        if(this.loop)
        {
            console.log('looping..');
            this.myfuncs_next = 0;
        }
        else
            this.finished = true;
    }

    // First check if object isn't finished
    if(this.finished)
        return false;

    // HANDLE NON BLOCKING //
    if(this.blocking != true) // Blocking disabled
    {
        console.log("NOT BLOCKING");
        this.next_cycle();
    }

    // Set prev = current, and current to next, and next to new next
    this.myfuncs_prev = this.myfuncs_cur;
    this.myfuncs_cur  = this.myfuncs_next;
    this.myfuncs_next++;

    // Execute current slot
    this.myfuncs[this.myfuncs_cur]();

    // HANDLE BLOCKING
    if(this.blocking == true)  // Blocking enabled
    {
        console.log("BLOCKING");
        this.next_cycle();
    }

    return true;
};

// Adders
this.add = {
    that:this,

    fnc: function(aFunction) {
        // Add to the function array
        var cur_key = this.that.myfuncs_count++;
        this.that.myfuncs[cur_key] = aFunction;
        // Add to the delay reference array
        this.that.myfuncs_delays[cur_key] = -1;
    }
}; // end::this.add

// setters
this.set = {
    that:this,

    delay: function(ms) {
        var cur_key = this.that.myfuncs_count - 1;
        // This will handle the custom delay array this.that.myfunc_delays
        // Add a custom delay to your function container

        console.log("setting custom delay. key: "+ cur_key + " msecs: " + ms);
        if(cur_key > -1)
        {
            this.that.myfuncs_delays[cur_key] = ms;
        }
        // So now we create an entry on the delay variable
    },

    delay_cur:      function(ms) { this.that.delay_cur = ms; },
    delay_default:  function(ms) { this.that.delay_default = ms; },
    loop_on:        function()   { this.that.loop = true; },
    loop_off:       function()   { this.that.loop = false; },
    blocking_on:    function()   { this.that.blocking = true; },
    blocking_off:   function()   { this.that.blocking = false; },

    finished:            function(aBool) { this.that.finished = true; }
}; // end::this.set


// Setters
this.get = {
    that:this,

    delay_default: function() { return this.that.delay_default; },
    delay_cur:     function() { return this.that.delay_cur; }
    }; // end::this.get

} // end:::function timed_functions()

使用方式如下:

// // // BEGIN :: TEST // // //

// Initialize
var fncTimer = new timed_functions;

// Set some defaults
fncTimer.set.delay_default(1000);
fncTimer.set.blocking_on();
// fncTimer.set.loop_on();
// fncTimer.set.loop_off();


// BEGIN :: ADD FUNCTIONS (they will fire off in order)
fncTimer.add.fnc(function() {
    console.log('plan a (2 secs)');
});
fncTimer.set.delay(2000); // Set a custom delay for previously added function

fncTimer.add.fnc(function() {
    console.log('hello world (delay 3 seconds)');
});
fncTimer.set.delay(3000);

fncTimer.add.fnc(function() {
    console.log('wait 4 seconds...');
});
fncTimer.set.delay(4000);

fncTimer.add.fnc(function() {
    console.log('wait 2 seconds');
});
fncTimer.set.delay(2000);

fncTimer.add.fnc(function() {
    console.log('finished.');
});
// END :: ADD FUNCTIONS


// NOW RUN
fncTimer.cycle(); // Begin execution


// // // END :: TEST // // //

或者只创建一个:

function yourFunction(){

   // Do something
   setInterval(myFunc(), 1000);
   // Do something else
}

function myFunc(){
   return;
}

这将只等待指定的时间间隔并调用函数,而该函数将不执行任何操作。

实际上,您可以使用与pausecomp函数相同的while循环实现sleep()(这基本上是相同的):

const sleep = (seconds) => {
    const waitUntil = new Date().getTime() + seconds * 1000
    while(new Date().getTime() < waitUntil) {
        // do nothing
    }
}

您可以像这样使用sleep()方法:

const main = () => {
    const a = 1 + 3

    // Sleep 3 seconds before the next action
    sleep(3)
    const b = a + 4

    // Sleep 4 seconds before the next action
    sleep(4)
    const c = b + 5
}

main()

这就是我想象你会使用睡眠功能的方式,而且读起来相对简单。我借鉴了另一篇文章《JavaScript中的睡眠——动作之间的延迟》,以展示您可能打算如何使用它。

不幸的是,你的电脑会变热,所有工作都会受阻。如果在浏览器中运行,该选项卡将停止,用户将无法与页面交互。

如果您将代码重组为异步的,那么您可以将setTimeout()作为与其他文章相同的睡眠函数。

// define sleep using setTimeout
const sleep = (seconds, callback) => setTimeout(() => callback(), seconds * 1000)

const main = () => {
    const a = 1 + 3
    let b = undefined
    let c = undefined

    // Sleep 3 seconds before the next action
    sleep(3, () => {
        b = a + 4

        // Sleep 4 seconds before the next action
        sleep(4, () => {
            c = b + 5
        })
    })
}

main()

正如你所说,这不是你想要的。我修改了Sleep in JavaScript中的示例-动作之间的延迟,以说明为什么会出现这种情况。当您添加更多动作时,要么需要将逻辑拉入单独的函数,要么将代码嵌套得越来越深(回调地狱)。

为了解决“回调地狱”,我们可以使用promise来定义睡眠:

const sleep = (seconds) => new Promise((resolve => setTimeout(() => resolve(), seconds * 1000)))

const main = () => {
    const a = 1 + 3
    let b = undefined
    let c = undefined

    // Sleep 3 seconds before the next action
    return sleep(3)
        .then(() => {
            b = a + 4

            // Sleep 4 seconds before the next action
            return sleep(4)
        })
        .then(() => {
            c = b + 5
        })
}

main()

Promise可以避免深度嵌套,但看起来仍然不像我们最初使用的常规同步代码。我们希望编写看起来同步的代码,但没有任何缺点。

让我们再次使用async/await重写我们的主方法:

const sleep = (seconds) => new Promise((resolve => setTimeout(() => resolve(), seconds * 1000)))

const main = async () => {
    const a = 1 + 3

    // Sleep 3 seconds before the next action
    await sleep(3)
    const b = a + 4

    // Sleep 4 seconds before the next action
    await sleep(4)
    const c = b + 5
}

main()

使用async/await,我们可以调用sleep(),就好像它是一个同步的阻塞函数一样。这解决了您可能在其他帖子中使用回调解决方案时遇到的问题,并避免了长时间循环的问题。

现在还可以使用本机模块util来提供常规同步函数。

const { promisify } = require('util')
const sleep = promisify(setTimeout)

module.exports = () => {
  await someAsyncFunction()
  await sleep(2000)
  console.log('2 seconds later...')
}