如果您需要“小于”或“大于”：

case x
when 1..5
  "It's between 1 and 5"
when 6
  "It's 6"
when 7..1.0/0
  "It's equal or greater than 7"
when -1.0/0..0
  "It's equal or less than 0"
end

1.0/0等于Float:：INFINITY，因此您可以使用自己喜欢的。

在Ruby 2.6之后，您可以使用Endless Ranges，在Ruby 2.7之后，您还可以使用Beginless Ranges，例如：

case x
when 1..5
  "It's between 1 and 5"
when 6
  "It's 6"
when (7..)
  "It's equal or greater than 7"
when (..0)
  "It's equal or less than 0"
end

很多很好的答案，但我想我会补充一个事实。。如果您试图比较对象（类），请确保您有一个太空船方法（不是玩笑）或了解它们是如何比较的

“Ruby平等和对象比较”是一个很好的话题讨论。

由于switch-case始终返回单个对象，因此我们可以直接打印其结果：

puts case a
     when 0
        "It's zero"
     when 1
        "It's one"
     end

case语句运算符在其他语言中类似于switch。

这是switch的语法。。。C中的情况：

switch (expression)
​{
    case constant1:
      // statements
      break;
    case constant2:
      // statements
      break;
    .
    .
    .
    default:
      // default statements
}

这是case的语法。。。使用Ruby时：

case expression
  when constant1, constant2 #Each when statement can have multiple candidate values, separated by commas.
     # statements 
     next # is like continue in other languages
  when constant3
     # statements 
     exit # exit is like break in other languages
  .
  .
  .
  else
     # statements
end

例如：

x = 10
case x
when 1,2,3
  puts "1, 2, or 3"
  exit
when 10
  puts "10" # it will stop here and execute that line
  exit # then it'll exit
else
  puts "Some other number"
end

有关更多信息，请参阅案例文档。

多值时和无值情况：

print "Enter your grade: "
grade = gets.chomp
case grade
when "A", "B"
  puts 'You pretty smart!'
when "C", "D"
  puts 'You pretty dumb!!'
else
  puts "You can't even use a computer!"
end

这里有一个正则表达式解决方案：

print "Enter a string: "
some_string = gets.chomp
case
when some_string.match(/\d/)
  puts 'String has numbers'
when some_string.match(/[a-zA-Z]/)
  puts 'String has letters'
else
  puts 'String has no numbers or letters'
end

你可以用更自然的方式这样做，

case expression
when condtion1
   function
when condition2
   function
else
   function
end