我使用的是Ruby on Rails 3.1预版本。我喜欢使用PostgreSQL,但问题是安装pg gem。它给了我以下错误:

$ gem install pg
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing pg:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        /home/u/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p0/bin/ruby extconf.rb
checking for pg_config... no
No pg_config... trying anyway. If building fails, please try again with
 --with-pg-config=/path/to/pg_config
checking for libpq-fe.h... no
Can't find the 'libpq-fe.h header
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more
details.  You may need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/home/u/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p0/bin/ruby
    --with-pg
    --without-pg
    --with-pg-dir
    --without-pg-dir
    --with-pg-include
    --without-pg-include=${pg-dir}/include
    --with-pg-lib
    --without-pg-lib=${pg-dir}/lib
    --with-pg-config
    --without-pg-config
    --with-pg_config
    --without-pg_config
    Gem files will remain installed in /home/u/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0/gems/pg-0.11.0 for inspection.
    Results logged to /home/u/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0/gems/pg-0.11.0/ext/gem_make.out

我怎么解决这个问题?


当前回答

我刚刚在OSX上运行了brew和postgres@9.4。

我的解决方案是这样的:

CONFIGURE_ARGS="with-pg-include=/usr/local/opt/postgresql@9.4/include/" bundle install

其他回答

Mac用户使用Postgres的正确答案。应用程序是根据该包提供的libpq构建的。例如,对于9.4版本(撰写本文时的最新版本),您所需要的是:

export CONFIGURE_ARGS="with-pg-include=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/Versions/9.4/include"
gem install pg

这将使你的pg gem与你安装的PostgreSQL版本保持同步。在这种情况下,安装Homebrew软件是一种浪费。

看起来在Ubuntu中,头文件是libpq-dev包的一部分(至少在以下Ubuntu版本中是这样的: 11.04 (Natty Narwhal), 10.04 (Lucid Lynx), 11.10 (Oneiric Ocelot), 12.04 (Precise穿山甲),14.04 (Trusty Tahr)和18.04(仿生海狸)):

...
/usr/include/postgresql/libpq-fe.h
...

所以试着为你的操作系统安装libpq-dev或类似的软件:

Ubuntu/Debian系统:sudo apt-get install libpq-dev RHEL系统:yum install postgresql-devel 对于Mac Homebrew: brew安装postgresql 对于Mac MacPorts PostgreSQL: gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=/opt/local/lib/ PostgreSQL[版本号]/bin/pg_config . exe OpenSuse:在postgresql-devel中使用zypper 对于ArchLinux: pacman -S postgresql-libs

只是缺少libpq-fe.h的问题

在ubuntu上,我们只需要运行: Sudo apt-get安装libpq-dev

上面的命令将安装一个新的包libpq-dev,之后你可以再次执行bundle install来继续你的包安装。

在MacOS M1上解决:

brew install libpq

然后我输入我的路径

echo 'export PATH="/opt/homebrew/opt/libpq/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc

And:

gem install pg

我已经尝试了所有的解决方案,但只在命令下工作

pip install psycopg2-binary