我使用的是Ruby on Rails 3.1预版本。我喜欢使用PostgreSQL,但问题是安装pg gem。它给了我以下错误:

$ gem install pg
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing pg:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        /home/u/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p0/bin/ruby extconf.rb
checking for pg_config... no
No pg_config... trying anyway. If building fails, please try again with
 --with-pg-config=/path/to/pg_config
checking for libpq-fe.h... no
Can't find the 'libpq-fe.h header
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more
details.  You may need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/home/u/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p0/bin/ruby
    --with-pg
    --without-pg
    --with-pg-dir
    --without-pg-dir
    --with-pg-include
    --without-pg-include=${pg-dir}/include
    --with-pg-lib
    --without-pg-lib=${pg-dir}/lib
    --with-pg-config
    --without-pg-config
    --with-pg_config
    --without-pg_config
    Gem files will remain installed in /home/u/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0/gems/pg-0.11.0 for inspection.
    Results logged to /home/u/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0/gems/pg-0.11.0/ext/gem_make.out

我怎么解决这个问题?


当前回答

libpq-fe.h的位置取决于PostgreSQL的安装位置(这取决于你如何安装它)。使用locate (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locate_%28Unix%29)在您的机器上查找libpq-fe.h文件。如果它存在,它将在PostgreSQL安装的include目录中。

$ locate libpq-fe.h
/Library/PostgreSQL/9.1/include/libpq-fe.h

包含pg_config的bin目录将位于与include目录相同的目录中。正如错误提示的那样,使用——with-pg-config选项来安装gem:

$ gem install pg --with-pg-config="/Library/PostgreSQL/9.1/bin/pg_config"

注意,如果你从未使用过locate,或者自从安装PostgreSQL后就没有更新过,你可能需要运行updatedb。

其他回答

Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS,这似乎对我有用:

sudo apt-get install ruby ruby-dev libpqxx-dev libpq-fe-dev libpq-dev 
sudo gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=/usr/include/postgresql/pg_config --with-pg-include=/usr/include/postgresql/

我在通过asdf安装postgres时遇到了同样的错误。pg-config解决方案对我不起作用。相反,我必须找到包含该文件的postgres include文件夹,并运行带有——with-pg-include标志的命令

gem install pg -- --with-pg-include=/<path>/.asdf/installs/postgres/<version>/include

在Mac上,我用下面的代码解决了这个问题:

gem install pg -v '0.18.4' -- --with-pg-config=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/Versions/9.4/bin/pg_config

我也遇到过类似的问题,这个方法帮我解决了问题:

gem install do_postgres -- --with-pgsql-server-dir=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS --with-pgsql-server-include=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/include/server

来源:

https://gist.github.com/oisin/6562181

在我的情况下,它是包postgresql-server-dev-8.4(我使用的是Ubuntu 11.04 (Natty Narwhal), 64位)。