我有一个Person对象列表。我想转换为Dictionary,其中键是第一个和最后一个名字(连接),值是Person对象。

问题是我有一些重复的人,所以这爆炸如果我使用以下代码:

private Dictionary<string, Person> _people = new Dictionary<string, Person>();

_people = personList.ToDictionary(
    e => e.FirstandLastName,
    StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);

我知道这听起来很奇怪,但我现在真的不关心重复的名字。如果有多个名字,我只想取一个。有没有什么方法可以让上面的代码只取其中一个名字而不会重复?


当前回答

下面是一个明显的非linq解决方案:

foreach(var person in personList)
{
  if(!myDictionary.ContainsKey(person.FirstAndLastName))
    myDictionary.Add(person.FirstAndLastName, person);
}

如果你不介意总是添加最后一个,你可以避免这样的双重查找:

foreach(var person in personList)
{
    myDictionary[person.FirstAndLastName] = person;
}

其他回答

下面是一个明显的非linq解决方案:

foreach(var person in personList)
{
  if(!myDictionary.ContainsKey(person.FirstAndLastName))
    myDictionary.Add(person.FirstAndLastName, person);
}

如果你不介意总是添加最后一个,你可以避免这样的双重查找:

foreach(var person in personList)
{
    myDictionary[person.FirstAndLastName] = person;
}

LINQ的解决方案:

// Use the first value in group
var _people = personList
    .GroupBy(p => p.FirstandLastName, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
    .ToDictionary(g => g.Key, g => g.First(), StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);

// Use the last value in group
var _people = personList
    .GroupBy(p => p.FirstandLastName, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
    .ToDictionary(g => g.Key, g => g.Last(), StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);

如果你更喜欢非linq解决方案,那么你可以这样做:

// Use the first value in list
var _people = new Dictionary<string, Person>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
foreach (var p in personList)
{
    if (!_people.ContainsKey(p.FirstandLastName))
        _people[p.FirstandLastName] = p;
}

// Use the last value in list
var _people = new Dictionary<string, Person>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
foreach (var p in personList)
{
    _people[p.FirstandLastName] = p;
}

大多数其他答案的问题是,他们使用Distinct, GroupBy或ToLookup,这在底层创建了一个额外的字典。同样ToUpper创建额外的字符串。 这就是我所做的,除了一处更改外,几乎完全复制了微软的代码:

    public static Dictionary<TKey, TSource> ToDictionaryIgnoreDup<TSource, TKey>
        (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector, IEqualityComparer<TKey> comparer = null) =>
        source.ToDictionaryIgnoreDup(keySelector, i => i, comparer);

    public static Dictionary<TKey, TElement> ToDictionaryIgnoreDup<TSource, TKey, TElement>
        (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector, Func<TSource, TElement> elementSelector, IEqualityComparer<TKey> comparer = null)
    {
        if (keySelector == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(keySelector));
        if (elementSelector == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(elementSelector));
        var d = new Dictionary<TKey, TElement>(comparer ?? EqualityComparer<TKey>.Default);
        foreach (var element in source)
            d[keySelector(element)] = elementSelector(element);
        return d;
    }

因为索引器上的set会导致它添加键,所以它不会抛出,也只会进行一次键查找。你也可以给它一个IEqualityComparer,例如StringComparer。OrdinalIgnoreCase

您可以创建一个类似于ToDictionary()的扩展方法,区别在于它允许重复。喜欢的东西:

    public static Dictionary<TKey, TElement> SafeToDictionary<TSource, TKey, TElement>(
        this IEnumerable<TSource> source, 
        Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector, 
        Func<TSource, TElement> elementSelector, 
        IEqualityComparer<TKey> comparer = null)
    {
        var dictionary = new Dictionary<TKey, TElement>(comparer);

        if (source == null)
        {
            return dictionary;
        }

        foreach (TSource element in source)
        {
            dictionary[keySelector(element)] = elementSelector(element);
        }

        return dictionary; 
    }

在本例中,如果存在重复值,则最后一个值胜出。

使用Distinct()和不分组的linq -解决方案是:

var _people = personList
    .Select(item => new { Key = item.Key, FirstAndLastName = item.FirstAndLastName })
    .Distinct()
    .ToDictionary(item => item.Key, item => item.FirstFirstAndLastName, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);

我不知道它是否比LukeH的解决方案更好,但它同样有效。