从技术上讲，这是正确的——只有'eval'不会派生另一个shell。然而，从您试图在修改后的环境中运行的应用程序的角度来看，差异为零:子进程继承其父进程的环境，因此(修改后的)环境被传递给所有下行进程。

事实上，只要你在父程序/shell下运行，更改的环境变量就会“保持不变”。

If it is absolutely necessary for the environment variable to remain after the parent (Perl or shell) has exited, it is necessary for the parent shell to do the heavy lifting. One method I've seen in the documentation is for the current script to spawn an executable file with the necessary 'export' language, and then trick the parent shell into executing it -- always being cognizant of the fact that you need to preface the command with 'source' if you're trying to leave a non-volatile version of the modified environment behind. A Kluge at best.

The second method is to modify the script that initiates the shell environment (.bashrc or whatever) to contain the modified parameter. This can be dangerous -- if you hose up the initialization script it may make your shell unavailable the next time it tries to launch. There are plenty of tools for modifying the current shell; by affixing the necessary tweaks to the 'launcher' you effectively push those changes forward as well. Generally not a good idea; if you only need the environment changes for a particular application suite, you'll have to go back and return the shell launch script to its pristine state (using vi or whatever) afterwards.

简而言之，没有好的(简单的)方法。想必这很难确保系统的安全性不会受到不可挽回的损害。

我很多年前就这么做了。如果我没记错的话，我在.bashrc和.cshrc中都包含了一个别名，并带了参数，以别名形式将环境设置为公共形式。

然后，您将在这两个shell中的任何一个中获取的脚本都具有带有最后一种形式的命令，该命令适用于在每个shell中使用别名。

如果我找到具体的化名，我会公布的。

从技术上讲，这是正确的——只有'eval'不会派生另一个shell。然而，从您试图在修改后的环境中运行的应用程序的角度来看，差异为零:子进程继承其父进程的环境，因此(修改后的)环境被传递给所有下行进程。

事实上，只要你在父程序/shell下运行，更改的环境变量就会“保持不变”。

If it is absolutely necessary for the environment variable to remain after the parent (Perl or shell) has exited, it is necessary for the parent shell to do the heavy lifting. One method I've seen in the documentation is for the current script to spawn an executable file with the necessary 'export' language, and then trick the parent shell into executing it -- always being cognizant of the fact that you need to preface the command with 'source' if you're trying to leave a non-volatile version of the modified environment behind. A Kluge at best.

The second method is to modify the script that initiates the shell environment (.bashrc or whatever) to contain the modified parameter. This can be dangerous -- if you hose up the initialization script it may make your shell unavailable the next time it tries to launch. There are plenty of tools for modifying the current shell; by affixing the necessary tweaks to the 'launcher' you effectively push those changes forward as well. Generally not a good idea; if you only need the environment changes for a particular application suite, you'll have to go back and return the shell launch script to its pristine state (using vi or whatever) afterwards.

简而言之，没有好的(简单的)方法。想必这很难确保系统的安全性不会受到不可挽回的损害。

使用“点空格脚本”调用语法。例如，下面是如何使用脚本的完整路径:

. /path/to/set_env_vars.sh

如果你和脚本在同一个目录中，下面是如何做到这一点:

. set_env_vars.sh

它们在当前shell下执行脚本，而不是加载另一个脚本(如果您执行./set_env_vars.sh，就会发生这种情况)。因为它在同一个shell中运行，所以当它退出时，您设置的环境变量将可用。

这与调用源set_env_vars.sh是一样的事情，但它的输入更短，并且可能在源不能工作的某些地方工作。

您可以使用不同的bash_profile调用另一个Bash。 此外，您还可以创建特殊的bash_profile用于多bashprofile环境。

请记住，您可以在bashprofile中使用函数，并且该函数将全局可用。 例如，“function user {export USER_NAME $1}”可以在运行时设置变量，例如:user olegchir && env | grep olegchir

您可以指示子进程打印它的环境变量(通过调用“env”)，然后在父进程中循环打印的环境变量，并对这些变量调用“export”。

下面的代码基于find的捕获输出。-print0转换为bash数组

如果父shell是bash，则可以使用

while IFS= read -r -d $'\0' line; do
    export "$line"
done < <(bash -s <<< 'export VARNAME=something; env -0')
echo $VARNAME

如果父shell是破折号，则read不提供-d标志，代码将变得更加复杂

TMPDIR=$(mktemp -d)
mkfifo $TMPDIR/fifo
(bash -s << "EOF"
    export VARNAME=something
    while IFS= read -r -d $'\0' line; do
        echo $(printf '%q' "$line")
    done < <(env -0)
EOF
) > $TMPDIR/fifo &
while read -r line; do export "$(eval echo $line)"; done < $TMPDIR/fifo
rm -r $TMPDIR
echo $VARNAME