如果您更喜欢rogerdpack答案中的方法#2，但不想使用管道（例如，您只想在C中使用execv）或不想创建额外的文件（list.txt），那么只需将concat demuxer与数据和文件协议相结合，即FFmpeg允许您像HTML一样内联输入文件：
<img src="data:image/png;base64,..." alt="" />
ffmpeg -i 'data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAB4AAAAQ4AQAAAADAqPzuAAABEklEQVR4Ae3BAQ0AAADCIPunfg8HDAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA4FT45QABPFL5RwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==' /tmp/blackbg.mp4
下面是我的程序（放在/usr/bin/ffcont中），它自动内联“包含文件路径列表的文件”。此外，与所有其他答案不同，您可以使用任何FFmpeg选项。
如果您使用的不是bash语言（C，Node.js），那么只需查看用法（）和最后一行。
#!/bin/bash
# ffconcat v0.3
# @author Arzet Ro, 2021 <arzeth0@gmail.com>
# @license CC-0 (Public Domain)
function usage ()
{
echo "\
ffconcat's usage:
ffconcat (anyFfmpegInputOptions) -i /tmp/a.mp4 -i ... -i ... /tmp/out.mp4 (anyFfmpegOutputOptions)
ffconcat -vn /tmp/a.mp4 /tmp/b.opus /tmp/out.mp4 -y
ffconcat -http -i https://a/h264@720p@25fps+opus.mp4 -i ftp://127.0.0.1/h264@720p@30fps+opus.mp4 -i /tmp/c.opus /tmp/out.mkv
ffconcat -http -i https://a/vp9@1080p@30fps+opus.mp4 -i ftp://127.0.0.1/vp9@720p@30fps+opus.mp4 -i /tmp/c.opus /tmp/out.mp4
WARNING: ffconcat uses `concat` demuxer; when
using both this demuxer AND -y, FFmpeg doesn't check if
an input file and output file
are the same file, so your 100 GB input file
could immediately become 10 KB.
ffconcat checks that only when neither -i
nor new FFmpeg release's boolean args (see valuelessFfmpegArgs in the code)
are specified.
ffmpeg has no -http.
ffconcat has -http because ffmpeg automatically
sets allowed protocols depending on -f and -i.
But when -f concat, ffmpeg doesn't know what to do with -i.
ffmpeg and mpv support VP9+Opus in .mp4
Only one video codec is possible in an output file.
You can't have both AAC and Opus in one .mp4 (not sure about other containers).
If you combine VP9 videos, then make sure they have the same FPS.
If you combine H264 videos of different resolutions,
then you get A/V desync
and also either
1) the start of video streams after the first video stream are cut
2) or video player freezes for 5 seconds when switching between video streams.
Also it seems if DAR (display aspect ratio) differs (at least in H.264)
then incorrect (5x longer) duration is estimated
and mpv displays the second video with 1 FPS.
You can see the info about an input file
with
mediainfo file.mp4
or
ffprobe -hide_banner -protocol_whitelist file,rtp,udp -show_streams file.mp4"
}
# Configuration [begin]
forceRequireIArgumentForInputFiles=0
# Configuration [end]
in_array ()
{
local e match="$1"
shift
for e; do [[ "$e" == "$match" ]] && return 0; done
return 1
}
if [[ "$#" == 0 ]]
then
usage
exit
fi
requireIArgumentForInputFiles=0
if in_array "--help" "$@"
then
usage
exit
elif in_array "-help" "$@"
then
usage
exit
elif in_array "-i" "$@"
then
requireIArgumentForInputFiles=1
elif [[ "$forceRequireIArgumentForInputFiles" == "1" ]]
then
>&2 echo "forceRequireIArgumentForInputFiles=1, so you need -i"
usage
exit 1
fi
NL=$'\n'
inputOptions=()
outputOptions=()
inputFilesRawArray=()
outputFile=""
declare -a valuelessFfmpegArgs=("-http" "-hide_banner" "-dn" "-n" "-y" "-vn" "-an" "-autorotate" "-noautorotate" "-autoscale" "-noautoscale" "-stats" "-nostats" "-stdin" "-nostdin" "-ilme" "-vstats" "-psnr" "-qphist" "-hwaccels" "-sn" "-fix_sub_duration" "-ignore_unknown" "-copy_unknown" "-benchmark" "-benchmark_all" "-dump" "-hex" "-re" "-copyts" "-start_at_zero" "-shortest" "-accurate_seek" "-noaccurate_seek" "-seek_timestamp" "write_id3v2" "write_apetag" "write_mpeg2" "ignore_loop" "skip_rate_check" "no_resync_search" "export_xmp")
#^ used when requireIArgumentForInputFiles=0
# TODO: fill all the args
# grep -C 3 AV_OPT_TYPE_BOOL libavformat/ libavcodec/
# grep -C 3 OPT_BOOL fftools/
# Unfortunately, unlike MPV, FFmpeg neither
# requires nor supports `=`, i.e. `--y --i=file.mp4'
# instead of `-y -i file.mp4`.
# Which means it's unclear whether an argument
# is a value of an argument or an input/output file.
areFfmpegArgsAllowed=1
isHttpMode=0
if in_array "-http" "$@"
then
isHttpMode=1
fi
# if an argument is not a boolean argument, then what key needs a value
secondArgumentIsWantedByThisFirstArgument=""
# if requireIArgumentForInputFiles=1
# then secondArgumentIsWantedByThisFirstArgument must be either "" or "-i"
isCurrentArgumentI=0
localRawFilesArray=()
outputFile=""
for arg in "$@"
do
if [[
"$secondArgumentIsWantedByThisFirstArgument" == ""
&&
"$arg" == "-http"
]]
then
continue
fi
if [[ "$arg" == "--" ]]
then
areFfmpegArgsAllowed=0
continue
fi
if [[
(
"$areFfmpegArgsAllowed" == "1"
||
"$secondArgumentIsWantedByThisFirstArgument" != ""
)
&& !(
"$requireIArgumentForInputFiles" == "1"
&&
"$secondArgumentIsWantedByThisFirstArgument" == "-i"
)
&&
(
"$secondArgumentIsWantedByThisFirstArgument" != ""
||
(
"$requireIArgumentForInputFiles" == "0"
&&
"$arg" = -*
)
||
(
"$requireIArgumentForInputFiles" == "1"
)
)
]]
then
if [[ !(
"$requireIArgumentForInputFiles" == "1"
&&
"$arg" == "-i"
) ]]
then
if (( ${#inputFilesRawArray[@]} == 0 ))
then
inputOptions+=("$arg")
else
outputOptions+=("$arg")
fi
fi
elif [[
"$requireIArgumentForInputFiles" == "0"
||
"$secondArgumentIsWantedByThisFirstArgument" == "-i"
]]
then
if echo -n "$arg" | egrep '^(https?|ftp)://'
then
inputFilesRawArray+=("$arg")
localRawFilesArray+=("$arg")
else
tmp=`echo -n "$arg" | sed 's@^file:@@'`
localRawFilesArray+=("$tmp")
if [[ "$secondArgumentIsWantedByThisFirstArgument" == "-i" ]]
then
if ! ls -1d -- "$tmp" >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
then
>&2 echo "Input file '$tmp' not found"
exit 1
fi
fi
tmp=`echo -n "$tmp" | sed -E 's@(\s|\\\\)@\\\\\1@g' | sed "s@'@\\\\\'@g"`
# ^ FIXME: does it work for all filenames?
inputFilesRawArray+=("file:$tmp")
fi
elif [[
"$requireIArgumentForInputFiles" == "1"
&&
"$secondArgumentIsWantedByThisFirstArgument" != "-i"
]]
then
if echo -n "$arg" | egrep '^(https?|ftp)://'
then
outputFile="$arg"
else
outputFile=`echo -n "$arg" | sed 's@^file:@@'`
outputFile="file:$outputFile"
fi
else
usage
exit 1
fi
if [[
"$secondArgumentIsWantedByThisFirstArgument" != ""
||
"$areFfmpegArgsAllowed" == "0"
]]
then
secondArgumentIsWantedByThisFirstArgument=""
else
if [[ "$requireIArgumentForInputFiles" == "1" && "$arg" == "-i" ]]
then
secondArgumentIsWantedByThisFirstArgument="$arg"
elif [[ "$requireIArgumentForInputFiles" == "0" && "$arg" = -* ]]
then
if ! in_array "$arg" ${valuelessFfmpegArgs[@]}
then
secondArgumentIsWantedByThisFirstArgument="$arg"
fi
fi
fi
done
if [[
"$requireIArgumentForInputFiles" == "0"
&&
"$outputFile" == ""
]]
then
outputFile="${localRawFilesArray[((${#localRawFilesArray[@]}-1))]}"
fi
actualOutputFile="$outputFile"
if [[ "$requireIArgumentForInputFiles" == "0" || "file:" =~ ^"$outputFile"* ]]
then
actualOutputFile=`echo -n "$actualOutputFile" | sed 's@^file:@@'`
actualOutputFile=`readlink -nf -- "$actualOutputFile"`
fi
if [[ "$requireIArgumentForInputFiles" == "0" ]]
then
unset 'inputFilesRawArray[((${#inputFilesRawArray[@]}-1))]'
unset 'localRawFilesArray[((${#localRawFilesArray[@]}-1))]'
outputOptions+=("$outputFile")
fi
#>&2 echo Input: ${inputFilesRawArray[@]}
#if [[ "$requireIArgumentForInputFiles" == "0" ]]
#then
# >&2 echo Output: $outputFile
#fi
if (( ${#inputFilesRawArray[@]} < 2 ))
then
>&2 echo "Error: Minimum 2 input files required, ${#inputFilesRawArray[@]} given."
>&2 echo Input: ${inputFilesRawArray[@]}
if [[ "$requireIArgumentForInputFiles" == "0" ]]
then
>&2 echo Output: $outputFile
fi
usage
#outputFile=/dev/null
exit 1
fi
if [[
"$requireIArgumentForInputFiles" == "0"
&&
"$outputFile" == ""
]]
then
>&2 echo "Error: No output file specified."
usage
exit 1
fi
ffmpegInputList=""
firstFileDone=0
inputFilesRawArrayLength=${#inputFilesRawArray[@]}
for (( i = 0; i < inputFilesRawArrayLength; i++ ))
do
lf="${localRawFilesArray[$i]}"
f="${inputFilesRawArray[$i]}"
if [[ "${inputFilesRawArray[$i]}" =~ ^file: ]]
then
actualF=`readlink -nf -- "$lf"`
if [[ "$actualF" == "$actualOutputFile" ]]
then
>&2 echo "Error: The same file '$actualF' is used both as an input file and an output file"
exit 1
fi
fi
if [[ "$firstFileDone" == "1" ]]
then
ffmpegInputList+="$NL"
fi
ffmpegInputList+="file $f"
firstFileDone=1
done
protocol_whitelist_appendage=""
if [[ "$isHttpMode" == "1" ]]
then
protocol_whitelist_appendage=",ftp,http,https"
fi
# Also print the final line:
set -x
ffmpeg \
-safe 0 \
-f concat \
-protocol_whitelist data,file"$protocol_whitelist_appendage" \
"${inputOptions[@]}" \
-i "data:text/plain;charset=UTF-8,${ffmpegInputList}" \
-c copy \
"${outputOptions[@]}"
# $ffmpegInputList is
# file file:./test.mp4\nfile file:/home/aaa.mp4\nfile http://a/b.aac
# All whitespace and ' in ffmpegInputList are escaped with `\`.
与HTML不同，-i中不需要百分比编码（JavaScript的encodeURI/encodeURIComponent）（%20等）。
