我有一个~23000行的SQL转储,其中包含几个数据库的数据价值。我需要提取这个文件的某个部分(即单个数据库的数据),并将其放在一个新文件中。我知道我想要的数据的开始行号和结束行号。
谁知道一个Unix命令(或一系列命令)可以从文件中提取16224到16482行之间的所有行,然后将它们重定向到一个新文件中?
我有一个~23000行的SQL转储,其中包含几个数据库的数据价值。我需要提取这个文件的某个部分(即单个数据库的数据),并将其放在一个新文件中。我知道我想要的数据的开始行号和结束行号。
谁知道一个Unix命令(或一系列命令)可以从文件中提取16224到16482行之间的所有行,然后将它们重定向到一个新文件中?
当前回答
我编写了一个小型bash脚本,您可以从命令行运行它,只要您更新PATH以包含它的目录(或者您可以将它放在PATH中已经包含的目录中)。
用法:$ pinch filename起始行结束行
#!/bin/bash
# Display line number ranges of a file to the terminal.
# Usage: $ pinch filename start-line end-line
# By Evan J. Coon
FILENAME=$1
START=$2
END=$3
ERROR="[PINCH ERROR]"
# Check that the number of arguments is 3
if [ $# -lt 3 ]; then
echo "$ERROR Need three arguments: Filename Start-line End-line"
exit 1
fi
# Check that the file exists.
if [ ! -f "$FILENAME" ]; then
echo -e "$ERROR File does not exist. \n\t$FILENAME"
exit 1
fi
# Check that start-line is not greater than end-line
if [ "$START" -gt "$END" ]; then
echo -e "$ERROR Start line is greater than End line."
exit 1
fi
# Check that start-line is positive.
if [ "$START" -lt 0 ]; then
echo -e "$ERROR Start line is less than 0."
exit 1
fi
# Check that end-line is positive.
if [ "$END" -lt 0 ]; then
echo -e "$ERROR End line is less than 0."
exit 1
fi
NUMOFLINES=$(wc -l < "$FILENAME")
# Check that end-line is not greater than the number of lines in the file.
if [ "$END" -gt "$NUMOFLINES" ]; then
echo -e "$ERROR End line is greater than number of lines in file."
exit 1
fi
# The distance from the end of the file to end-line
ENDDIFF=$(( NUMOFLINES - END ))
# For larger files, this will run more quickly. If the distance from the
# end of the file to the end-line is less than the distance from the
# start of the file to the start-line, then start pinching from the
# bottom as opposed to the top.
if [ "$START" -lt "$ENDDIFF" ]; then
< "$FILENAME" head -n $END | tail -n +$START
else
< "$FILENAME" tail -n +$START | head -n $(( END-START+1 ))
fi
# Success
exit 0
其他回答
awk还有另一种方法:
awk 'NR==16224, NR==16482' file
如果文件很大,最好在读取最后一行之后退出。这样,它就不会不必要地读取以下行:
awk 'NR==16224, NR==16482-1; NR==16482 {print; exit}' file
awk 'NR==16224, NR==16482; NR==16482 {exit}' file
perl -ne 'print if 16224..16482' file.txt > new_file.txt
我们甚至可以在命令行检查:
cat filename|sed 'n1,n2!d' > abc.txt
例如:
cat foo.pl|sed '100,200!d' > abc.txt
我编写了一个小型bash脚本,您可以从命令行运行它,只要您更新PATH以包含它的目录(或者您可以将它放在PATH中已经包含的目录中)。
用法:$ pinch filename起始行结束行
#!/bin/bash
# Display line number ranges of a file to the terminal.
# Usage: $ pinch filename start-line end-line
# By Evan J. Coon
FILENAME=$1
START=$2
END=$3
ERROR="[PINCH ERROR]"
# Check that the number of arguments is 3
if [ $# -lt 3 ]; then
echo "$ERROR Need three arguments: Filename Start-line End-line"
exit 1
fi
# Check that the file exists.
if [ ! -f "$FILENAME" ]; then
echo -e "$ERROR File does not exist. \n\t$FILENAME"
exit 1
fi
# Check that start-line is not greater than end-line
if [ "$START" -gt "$END" ]; then
echo -e "$ERROR Start line is greater than End line."
exit 1
fi
# Check that start-line is positive.
if [ "$START" -lt 0 ]; then
echo -e "$ERROR Start line is less than 0."
exit 1
fi
# Check that end-line is positive.
if [ "$END" -lt 0 ]; then
echo -e "$ERROR End line is less than 0."
exit 1
fi
NUMOFLINES=$(wc -l < "$FILENAME")
# Check that end-line is not greater than the number of lines in the file.
if [ "$END" -gt "$NUMOFLINES" ]; then
echo -e "$ERROR End line is greater than number of lines in file."
exit 1
fi
# The distance from the end of the file to end-line
ENDDIFF=$(( NUMOFLINES - END ))
# For larger files, this will run more quickly. If the distance from the
# end of the file to the end-line is less than the distance from the
# start of the file to the start-line, then start pinching from the
# bottom as opposed to the top.
if [ "$START" -lt "$ENDDIFF" ]; then
< "$FILENAME" head -n $END | tail -n +$START
else
< "$FILENAME" tail -n +$START | head -n $(( END-START+1 ))
fi
# Success
exit 0
我想从一个使用变量的脚本中做同样的事情,并通过在$变量周围加上引号来分隔变量名和p来实现:
sed -n "$first","$count"p imagelist.txt >"$imageblock"
我想把一个列表分成不同的文件夹,找到最初的问题和答案,这是一个有用的步骤。(分裂命令不是旧操作系统上的选项,我必须将代码移植到)。