在将Maven从2.6.3更新到2.8.4之后，我遇到了同样的问题。问题是分叉JVM崩溃的内存不足，所以只是增加内存从1024Mb到2048Mb在Surefire插件配置，这解决了这个问题

        <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <!--suppress UnresolvedMavenProperty -->
                <argLine>${argLine} -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -Xmx2048m</argLine>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>

可能是因为你在你的项目中应用了一些更改，没有更新他们所有的引用。

在我的情况下，我得到这个错误，因为我已经更新了包的名称在我的项目，但我忘记更新他们的引用在TestNG.xml文件。通过修正，我解决了这个错误。

在pom.xml中设置这一点对我来说很有效。 但是您应该查看文档以寻找其他解决方案 https://maven.apache.org/surefire/maven-surefire-plugin/examples/class-loading.html

       <plugin>

            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <!--these strange settings fixes a chrash and dumpstream from surefire when run from command line
                    Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter
                -->
                <useSystemClassLoader>true</useSystemClassLoader>
                <useManifestOnlyJar>false</useManifestOnlyJar>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>

Surefire FAQ的这一部分可以帮助你:

Surefire fails with the message "The forked VM terminated without properly saying goodbye" Surefire does not support tests or any referenced libraries calling System.exit() at any time. If they do so, they are incompatible with surefire and you should probably file an issue with the library/vendor. Alternatively the forked VM could also crash for a number of reasons, which can also make this issue happen. Look for the classical "hs_err*" files indicating VM crashes or examine the log output from running maven when the tests execute. Some "extraordinary" output from crashing processes may be dumped to the console/log. If this happens on a CI environment and only after some time runs there is a fair chance your test suite is leaking some kind of OS-level resource that makes things worse for every run. Regular os-level monitoring tools may give you some indication.

您需要检查您的机器是64位还是32位。如果你的机器是32位的，那么你的内存参数不应该超过4096，即使它应该低于4 GB。 但如果你的机器是64位的，那么安装Java 64位，并在mvn.bat中提供JAVA_HOME，指向Java 64位安装。

以上都试过了，都没用。下面的解决方案适合我:

<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.19.1</version>
<configuration>
    <argLine>-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8</argLine>
</configuration>