我想知道这在SQL中是否可行。假设你有两个表A和B,你在表A上做一个选择,在表B上做一个连接:

SELECT a.*, b.* FROM TABLE_A a JOIN TABLE_B b USING (some_id);

如果表A有“a_id”、“name”、“some_id”列,表B有“b_id”、“name”、“some_id”列,查询将返回“a_id”、“name”、“some_id”、“b_id”、“name”、“some_id”列。有什么方法可以为表B的列名加上前缀而不单独列出每一列吗?等价于这个:

SELECT a.*, b.b_id as 'b.b_id', b.name as 'b.name', b.some_id as 'b.some_id'
FROM TABLE_A a JOIN TABLE_B b USING (some_id);

但是,如前所述,没有列出每一列,所以像这样:

SELECT a.*, b.* as 'b.*'
FROM TABLE_A a JOIN TABLE_B b USING (some_id);

基本上就是说,“用‘something’为b.*返回的每一列添加前缀”。这可能吗,还是我运气不好?

编辑

关于不使用SELECT *等的建议是有效的建议,但与我的上下文无关,因此请关注眼前的问题——是否可以在连接中为表的所有列名添加前缀(SQL查询中指定的常量)?

我的最终目标是能够通过连接对两个表执行SELECT *操作,并且能够从结果集中获得的列的名称中分辨出哪些列来自表a,哪些列来自表b。同样,我不想单独列出列,我需要能够执行SELECT *操作。


当前回答

问题的答案似乎是否定的,但是可以使用的一种方法是分配一个虚拟列来分隔每个新表。如果使用Python或PHP等脚本语言对列列表的结果集进行循环,那么这种方法尤其有效。

SELECT '' as table1_dummy, table1.*, '' as table2_dummy, table2.*, '' as table3_dummy, table3.* FROM table1
JOIN table2 ON table2.table1id = table1.id
JOIN table3 ON table3.table1id = table1.id

我知道这并不能完全回答您的问题,但是如果您是一名程序员,这是分离具有重复列名的表的好方法。

其他回答

I see two possible situations here. First, you want to know if there is a SQL standard for this, that you can use in general regardless of the database. No, there is not. Second, you want to know with regard to a specific dbms product. Then you need to identify it. But I imagine the most likely answer is that you'll get back something like "a.id, b.id" since that's how you'd need to identify the columns in your SQL expression. And the easiest way to find out what the default is, is just to submit such a query and see what you get back. If you want to specify what prefix comes before the dot, you can use "SELECT * FROM a AS my_alias", for instance.

问题的答案似乎是否定的,但是可以使用的一种方法是分配一个虚拟列来分隔每个新表。如果使用Python或PHP等脚本语言对列列表的结果集进行循环,那么这种方法尤其有效。

SELECT '' as table1_dummy, table1.*, '' as table2_dummy, table2.*, '' as table3_dummy, table3.* FROM table1
JOIN table2 ON table2.table1id = table1.id
JOIN table3 ON table3.table1id = table1.id

我知道这并不能完全回答您的问题,但是如果您是一名程序员,这是分离具有重复列名的表的好方法。

对此没有SQL标准。

然而,通过代码生成(在表创建或修改或运行时按需生成),你可以很容易地做到这一点:

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[stackoverflow_329931_a](
    [id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
    [col2] [nchar](10) NULL,
    [col3] [nchar](10) NULL,
    [col4] [nchar](10) NULL,
 CONSTRAINT [PK_stackoverflow_329931_a] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED 
(
    [id] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX  = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE  = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS  = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS  = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[stackoverflow_329931_b](
    [id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
    [col2] [nchar](10) NULL,
    [col3] [nchar](10) NULL,
    [col4] [nchar](10) NULL,
 CONSTRAINT [PK_stackoverflow_329931_b] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED 
(
    [id] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX  = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE  = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS  = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS  = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]

DECLARE @table1_name AS varchar(255)
DECLARE @table1_prefix AS varchar(255)
DECLARE @table2_name AS varchar(255)
DECLARE @table2_prefix AS varchar(255)
DECLARE @join_condition AS varchar(255)
SET @table1_name = 'stackoverflow_329931_a'
SET @table1_prefix = 'a_'
SET @table2_name = 'stackoverflow_329931_b'
SET @table2_prefix = 'b_'
SET @join_condition = 'a.[id] = b.[id]'

DECLARE @CRLF AS varchar(2)
SET @CRLF = CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)

DECLARE @a_columnlist AS varchar(MAX)
DECLARE @b_columnlist AS varchar(MAX)
DECLARE @sql AS varchar(MAX)

SELECT @a_columnlist = COALESCE(@a_columnlist + @CRLF + ',', '') + 'a.[' + COLUMN_NAME + '] AS [' + @table1_prefix + COLUMN_NAME + ']'
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE TABLE_NAME = @table1_name
ORDER BY ORDINAL_POSITION

SELECT @b_columnlist = COALESCE(@b_columnlist + @CRLF + ',', '') + 'b.[' + COLUMN_NAME + '] AS [' + @table2_prefix + COLUMN_NAME + ']'
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE TABLE_NAME = @table2_name
ORDER BY ORDINAL_POSITION

SET @sql = 'SELECT ' + @a_columnlist + '
,' + @b_columnlist + '
FROM [' + @table1_name + '] AS a
INNER JOIN [' + @table2_name + '] AS b
ON (' + @join_condition + ')'

PRINT @sql
-- EXEC (@sql)

我所做的就是用Excel来连接这个过程。例如,首先我选择*并获取所有列,将它们粘贴到Excel中。然后写出环绕该列所需的代码。说我需要在一堆专栏前做广告。我有我的字段在a列和“作为prev_”在列B和我的字段再次在列c。在列d,我有一列。

然后在列e中使用concatanate,并将它们合并在一起,确保包含空格。然后将其剪切并粘贴到sql代码中。我还使用这种方法为相同的字段和其他更长的代码做case语句,我需要为数百个字段表中的每个字段做。

不能这样做没有别名,只是因为,你将如何引用一个字段在where子句,如果该字段存在于2或3个表,你要连接? 这将是不清楚的mysql,你试图引用哪一个。