这里已经有很多很棒的解决方案了。但是，为了提供一个更精简的解决方案，并且更符合querySelector行为和语法的思想，我选择了一个用几个原型函数扩展Object的解决方案。这两个函数都使用正则表达式来匹配文本，但是，字符串可以作为松散搜索参数提供。

简单地实现以下函数:

// find all elements with inner text matching a given regular expression
// args: 
//      selector: string query selector to use for identifying elements on which we 
//                should check innerText
//      regex: A regular expression for matching innerText; if a string is provided,
//             a case-insensitive search is performed for any element containing the string.
Object.prototype.queryInnerTextAll = function(selector, regex) {
    if (typeof(regex) === 'string') regex = new RegExp(regex, 'i'); 
    const elements = [...this.querySelectorAll(selector)];
    const rtn = elements.filter((e)=>{
        return e.innerText.match(regex);
    });
    
    return rtn.length === 0 ? null : rtn
}

// find the first element with inner text matching a given regular expression
// args: 
//      selector: string query selector to use for identifying elements on which we 
//                should check innerText
//      regex: A regular expression for matching innerText; if a string is provided,
//             a case-insensitive search is performed for any element containing the string.
Object.prototype.queryInnerText = function(selector, text){
    return this.queryInnerTextAll(selector, text)[0];
}

实现了这些函数后，现在可以进行如下调用:

document.queryInnerTextAll('div.link', 'go'); This would find all divs containing the link class with the word go in the innerText (eg. Go Left or GO down or go right or It's Good) document.queryInnerText('div.link', 'go'); This would work exactly as the example above except it would return only the first matching element. document.queryInnerTextAll('a', /^Next$/); Find all links with the exact text Next (case-sensitive). This will exclude links that contain the word Next along with other text. document.queryInnerText('a', /next/i); Find the first link that contains the word next, regardless of case (eg. Next Page or Go to next) e = document.querySelector('#page'); e.queryInnerText('button', /Continue/); This performs a search within a container element for a button containing the text, Continue (case-sensitive). (eg. Continue or Continue to Next but not continue)

这里已经有很多很棒的解决方案了。但是，为了提供一个更精简的解决方案，并且更符合querySelector行为和语法的思想，我选择了一个用几个原型函数扩展Object的解决方案。这两个函数都使用正则表达式来匹配文本，但是，字符串可以作为松散搜索参数提供。

简单地实现以下函数:

// find all elements with inner text matching a given regular expression
// args: 
//      selector: string query selector to use for identifying elements on which we 
//                should check innerText
//      regex: A regular expression for matching innerText; if a string is provided,
//             a case-insensitive search is performed for any element containing the string.
Object.prototype.queryInnerTextAll = function(selector, regex) {
    if (typeof(regex) === 'string') regex = new RegExp(regex, 'i'); 
    const elements = [...this.querySelectorAll(selector)];
    const rtn = elements.filter((e)=>{
        return e.innerText.match(regex);
    });
    
    return rtn.length === 0 ? null : rtn
}

// find the first element with inner text matching a given regular expression
// args: 
//      selector: string query selector to use for identifying elements on which we 
//                should check innerText
//      regex: A regular expression for matching innerText; if a string is provided,
//             a case-insensitive search is performed for any element containing the string.
Object.prototype.queryInnerText = function(selector, text){
    return this.queryInnerTextAll(selector, text)[0];
}

实现了这些函数后，现在可以进行如下调用:

document.queryInnerTextAll('div.link', 'go'); This would find all divs containing the link class with the word go in the innerText (eg. Go Left or GO down or go right or It's Good) document.queryInnerText('div.link', 'go'); This would work exactly as the example above except it would return only the first matching element. document.queryInnerTextAll('a', /^Next$/); Find all links with the exact text Next (case-sensitive). This will exclude links that contain the word Next along with other text. document.queryInnerText('a', /next/i); Find the first link that contains the word next, regardless of case (eg. Next Page or Go to next) e = document.querySelector('#page'); e.queryInnerText('button', /Continue/); This performs a search within a container element for a button containing the text, Continue (case-sensitive). (eg. Continue or Continue to Next but not continue)

因为你已经在javascript中要求它，所以你可以有这样的东西

function contains(selector, text) {
  var elements = document.querySelectorAll(selector);
  return Array.prototype.filter.call(elements, function(element){
    return RegExp(text).test(element.textContent);
  });
}

然后像这样叫它

contains('div', 'sometext'); // find "div" that contain "sometext"
contains('div', /^sometext/); // find "div" that start with "sometext"
contains('div', /sometext$/i); // find "div" that end with "sometext", case-insensitive

您最好看看是否有您正在查询的div的父元素。如果是，获取父元素并执行一个element. queryselectorall ("div")。获得nodeList后，在innerText属性上应用一个过滤器。假设我们正在查询的div的父元素的id为container。通常，你可以直接从id访问container，但让我们以正确的方式来做。

var conty = document.getElementById("container"),
     divs = conty.querySelectorAll("div"),
    myDiv = [...divs].filter(e => e.innerText == "SomeText");

就是这样。

OP的问题是关于纯JavaScript而不是jQuery。 虽然有很多答案，我喜欢@Pawan Nogariya的答案，但请看看这个替代答案。

你可以在JavaScript中使用XPATH。更多关于MDN文章的信息请点击这里。

document.evaluate()方法对XPATH查询/表达式求值。因此，您可以在那里传递XPATH表达式，遍历HTML文档并找到所需的元素。

在XPATH中，您可以通过如下所示的文本节点选择一个元素，它将获得具有以下文本节点的div。

//div[text()="Hello World"]

要获得一个包含一些文本的元素，使用以下方法:

//div[contains(., 'Hello')]

XPATH中的contains()方法将节点作为第一个参数，将要搜索的文本作为第二个参数。

看这里，这是JavaScript中XPATH的例子

下面是一个代码片段:

var headings = document.evaluate("//h1[contains(., 'Hello')]", document, null, XPathResult.ANY_TYPE, null );
var thisHeading = headings.iterateNext();

console.log(thisHeading); // Prints the html element in console
console.log(thisHeading.textContent); // prints the text content in console

thisHeading.innerHTML += "<br />Modified contents";  

如您所见，我可以获取HTML元素并按我喜欢的方式修改它。

如果你不想使用jquery或类似的东西，那么你可以试试这个:

function findByText(rootElement, text){
    var filter = {
        acceptNode: function(node){
            // look for nodes that are text_nodes and include the following string.
            if(node.nodeType === document.TEXT_NODE && node.nodeValue.includes(text)){
                 return NodeFilter.FILTER_ACCEPT;
            }
            return NodeFilter.FILTER_REJECT;
        }
    }
    var nodes = [];
    var walker = document.createTreeWalker(rootElement, NodeFilter.SHOW_TEXT, filter, false);
    while(walker.nextNode()){
       //give me the element containing the node
       nodes.push(walker.currentNode.parentNode);
    }
    return nodes;
}

//call it like
var nodes = findByText(document.body,'SomeText');
//then do what you will with nodes[];
for(var i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++){ 
    //do something with nodes[i]
} 

在数组中拥有包含文本的节点后，就可以对它们进行操作。比如提醒每个人或打印到控制台。需要注意的是，这可能并不一定会抓取div本身，这将抓取拥有您正在寻找的文本的textnode的父节点。