我正在寻找一种快速而简单的方法，用于正确地测试一个给定的TCP端口是否在远程服务器上打开，从Shell脚本中。
我已经设法用telnet命令做到这一点，当端口被打开时，它工作得很好，但当它没有超时时，它似乎并没有超时，只是挂在那里……
下面是一个例子:
l_TELNET=`echo "quit" | telnet $SERVER $PORT | grep "Escape character is"`
if [ "$?" -ne 0 ]; then
echo "Connection to $SERVER on port $PORT failed"
exit 1
else
echo "Connection to $SERVER on port $PORT succeeded"
exit 0
fi
我要么需要一个更好的方法，或者一种方法强制telnet超时，如果它没有在8秒内连接，例如，并返回一些我可以在Shell中捕获的东西(返回代码，或stdout中的字符串)。
我知道Perl方法，它使用IO::Socket::INET模块，并编写了一个成功的测试端口的脚本，但如果可能的话，宁愿避免使用Perl。
注意:这是我的服务器正在运行(我需要从哪里运行这个)
SunOS 5.10 Generic_139556-08 i86pc i386 i86pc
在Bash中，为TCP/UDP连接使用伪设备文件非常简单。以下是剧本:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
SERVER=example.com
PORT=80
</dev/tcp/$SERVER/$PORT
if [ "$?" -ne 0 ]; then
echo "Connection to $SERVER on port $PORT failed"
exit 1
else
echo "Connection to $SERVER on port $PORT succeeded"
exit 0
fi
测试:
$ ./test.sh
Connection to example.com on port 80 succeeded
下面是一行代码(Bash语法):
</dev/tcp/localhost/11211 && echo Port open. || echo Port closed.
请注意，有些服务器可以通过防火墙保护免受SYN flood攻击，因此您可能会遇到TCP连接超时(~75秒)。要解决超时问题，请尝试:
timeout 1 bash -c "</dev/tcp/stackoverflow.com/81" && echo Port open. || echo Port closed.
参见:如何减少TCP connect()系统调用超时?
对nc使用-z和-w TIMEOUT选项很容易，但并不是所有的系统都安装了nc。如果你有一个最新版本的bash，这将工作:
# Connection successful:
$ timeout 1 bash -c 'cat < /dev/null > /dev/tcp/google.com/80'
$ echo $?
0
# Connection failure prior to the timeout
$ timeout 1 bash -c 'cat < /dev/null > /dev/tcp/sfsfdfdff.com/80'
bash: sfsfdfdff.com: Name or service not known
bash: /dev/tcp/sfsfdfdff.com/80: Invalid argument
$ echo $?
1
# Connection not established by the timeout
$ timeout 1 bash -c 'cat < /dev/null > /dev/tcp/google.com/81'
$ echo $?
124
What's happening here is that timeout will run the subcommand and kill it if it doesn't exit within the specified timeout (1 second in the above example). In this case bash is the subcommand and uses its special /dev/tcp handling to try and open a connection to the server and port specified. If bash can open the connection within the timeout, cat will just close it immediately (since it's reading from /dev/null) and exit with a status code of 0 which will propagate through bash and then timeout. If bash gets a connection failure prior to the specified timeout, then bash will exit with an exit code of 1 which timeout will also return. And if bash isn't able to establish a connection and the specified timeout expires, then timeout will kill bash and exit with a status of 124.
在Bash中，为TCP/UDP连接使用伪设备文件非常简单。以下是剧本:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
SERVER=example.com
PORT=80
</dev/tcp/$SERVER/$PORT
if [ "$?" -ne 0 ]; then
echo "Connection to $SERVER on port $PORT failed"
exit 1
else
echo "Connection to $SERVER on port $PORT succeeded"
exit 0
fi
测试:
$ ./test.sh
Connection to example.com on port 80 succeeded
下面是一行代码(Bash语法):
</dev/tcp/localhost/11211 && echo Port open. || echo Port closed.
请注意，有些服务器可以通过防火墙保护免受SYN flood攻击，因此您可能会遇到TCP连接超时(~75秒)。要解决超时问题，请尝试:
timeout 1 bash -c "</dev/tcp/stackoverflow.com/81" && echo Port open. || echo Port closed.
参见:如何减少TCP connect()系统调用超时?
