我想在MySQL中进行完全的外部连接。这可能吗?MySQL是否支持完全外部联接?


当前回答

您在MySQL中没有完全联接,但您可以模拟它们。

对于从堆栈溢出问题中转录的代码示例,您有:

对于两个表t1、t2:

SELECT * FROM t1
LEFT JOIN t2 ON t1.id = t2.id
UNION
SELECT * FROM t1
RIGHT JOIN t2 ON t1.id = t2.id

上面的查询适用于完全外部联接操作不会产生任何重复行的特殊情况。上面的查询依赖于UNION集合运算符来删除查询模式引入的重复行。通过对第二个查询使用反连接模式,然后使用UNION ALL集合运算符组合这两个集合,可以避免引入重复的行。在更一般的情况下,如果完全外部联接将返回重复的行,我们可以这样做:

SELECT * FROM t1
LEFT JOIN t2 ON t1.id = t2.id
UNION ALL
SELECT * FROM t1
RIGHT JOIN t2 ON t1.id = t2.id
WHERE t1.id IS NULL

其他回答

为了更清晰,我修改了shA.t的查询:

-- t1 left join t2
SELECT t1.value, t2.value
FROM t1 LEFT JOIN t2 ON t1.value = t2.value   

    UNION ALL -- include duplicates

-- t1 right exclude join t2 (records found only in t2)
SELECT t1.value, t2.value
FROM t1 RIGHT JOIN t2 ON t1.value = t2.value
WHERE t1.value IS NULL 

您在MySQL中没有完全联接,但您可以模拟它们。

对于从堆栈溢出问题中转录的代码示例,您有:

对于两个表t1、t2:

SELECT * FROM t1
LEFT JOIN t2 ON t1.id = t2.id
UNION
SELECT * FROM t1
RIGHT JOIN t2 ON t1.id = t2.id

上面的查询适用于完全外部联接操作不会产生任何重复行的特殊情况。上面的查询依赖于UNION集合运算符来删除查询模式引入的重复行。通过对第二个查询使用反连接模式,然后使用UNION ALL集合运算符组合这两个集合,可以避免引入重复的行。在更一般的情况下,如果完全外部联接将返回重复的行,我们可以这样做:

SELECT * FROM t1
LEFT JOIN t2 ON t1.id = t2.id
UNION ALL
SELECT * FROM t1
RIGHT JOIN t2 ON t1.id = t2.id
WHERE t1.id IS NULL

在SQLite中,您应该执行以下操作:

SELECT * 
FROM leftTable lt 
LEFT JOIN rightTable rt ON lt.id = rt.lrid 
UNION
SELECT lt.*, rl.*  -- To match column set
FROM rightTable rt 
LEFT JOIN  leftTable lt ON lt.id = rt.lrid
SELECT
    a.name,
    b.title
FROM
    author AS a
LEFT JOIN
    book AS b
    ON a.id = b.author_id
UNION
SELECT
    a.name,
    b.title
FROM
    author AS a
RIGHT JOIN
    book AS b
    ON a.id = b.author_id

您可以执行以下操作:

(SELECT 
    *
FROM
    table1 t1
        LEFT JOIN
    table2 t2 ON t1.id = t2.id
WHERE
    t2.id IS NULL)
UNION ALL
 (SELECT 
    *
FROM
    table1 t1
        RIGHT JOIN
    table2 t2 ON t1.id = t2.id
WHERE
    t1.id IS NULL);