如何动态地获得函数参数名/值?

是否有一种方法可以动态地获取函数的函数参数名?

假设我的函数是这样的

function doSomething(param1, param2, .... paramN){
   // fill an array with the parameter name and value
   // some other code 
}

现在，我如何从函数内部获得参数名称及其值的列表到数组中?

当前回答

从@jack-allan中得到答案，我稍微修改了函数，以允许ES6的默认属性，如:

function( a, b = 1, c ){};

仍然返回['a'， 'b']

/**
 * Get the keys of the paramaters of a function.
 *
 * @param {function} method  Function to get parameter keys for
 * @return {array}
 */
var STRIP_COMMENTS = /((\/\/.*$)|(\/\*[\s\S]*?\*\/))/mg;
var ARGUMENT_NAMES = /(?:^|,)\s*([^\s,=]+)/g;
function getFunctionParameters ( func ) {
    var fnStr = func.toString().replace(STRIP_COMMENTS, '');
    var argsList = fnStr.slice(fnStr.indexOf('(')+1, fnStr.indexOf(')'));
    var result = argsList.match( ARGUMENT_NAMES );

    if(result === null) {
        return [];
    }
    else {
        var stripped = [];
        for ( var i = 0; i < result.length; i++  ) {
            stripped.push( result[i].replace(/[\s,]/g, '') );
        }
        return stripped;
    }
}

2015-03-18 13:46:18

其他回答

无论哪种解决方案，它都不能破坏奇怪的函数，其toString()看起来也很奇怪:

function  (  A,  b
,c      ,d
){}

另外，为什么要使用复杂的正则表达式?可以这样做:

function getArguments(f) {
    return f.toString().split(')',1)[0].replace(/\s/g,'').substr(9).split(',');
}

这适用于每个函数，唯一的正则表达式是删除空白，由于.split技巧，它甚至不处理整个字符串。

2015-05-19 10:02:35

下面是一个更新的解决方案，试图以一种紧凑的方式解决上述所有边缘情况:

function $args(func) {  
    return (func + '')
      .replace(/[/][/].*$/mg,'') // strip single-line comments
      .replace(/\s+/g, '') // strip white space
      .replace(/[/][*][^/*]*[*][/]/g, '') // strip multi-line comments  
      .split('){', 1)[0].replace(/^[^(]*[(]/, '') // extract the parameters  
      .replace(/=[^,]+/g, '') // strip any ES6 defaults  
      .split(',').filter(Boolean); // split & filter [""]
}

简化的测试输出(完整的测试用例附在下面):

'function (a,b,c)...' // returns ["a","b","c"]
'function ()...' // returns []
'function named(a, b, c) ...' // returns ["a","b","c"]
'function (a /* = 1 */, b /* = true */) ...' // returns ["a","b"]
'function fprintf(handle, fmt /*, ...*/) ...' // returns ["handle","fmt"]
'function( a, b = 1, c )...' // returns ["a","b","c"]
'function (a=4*(5/3), b) ...' // returns ["a","b"]
'function (a, // single-line comment xjunk) ...' // returns ["a","b"]
'function (a /* fooled you...' // returns ["a","b"]
'function (a /* function() yes */, \n /* no, */b)/* omg! */...' // returns ["a","b"]
'function ( A, b \n,c ,d \n ) \n ...' // returns ["A","b","c","d"]
'function (a,b)...' // returns ["a","b"]
'function $args(func) ...' // returns ["func"]
'null...' // returns ["null"]
'function Object() ...' // returns []

2015-07-02 21:28:58

我通常是怎么做的:

function name(arg1, arg2){
    var args = arguments; // array: [arg1, arg2]
    var objecArgOne = args[0].one;
}
name({one: "1", two: "2"}, "string");

你甚至可以通过函数名引用参数，比如:

name.arguments;

希望这能有所帮助!

2012-08-20 01:17:35

从@jack-allan中得到答案，我稍微修改了函数，以允许ES6的默认属性，如:

function( a, b = 1, c ){};

仍然返回['a'， 'b']

/**
 * Get the keys of the paramaters of a function.
 *
 * @param {function} method  Function to get parameter keys for
 * @return {array}
 */
var STRIP_COMMENTS = /((\/\/.*$)|(\/\*[\s\S]*?\*\/))/mg;
var ARGUMENT_NAMES = /(?:^|,)\s*([^\s,=]+)/g;
function getFunctionParameters ( func ) {
    var fnStr = func.toString().replace(STRIP_COMMENTS, '');
    var argsList = fnStr.slice(fnStr.indexOf('(')+1, fnStr.indexOf(')'));
    var result = argsList.match( ARGUMENT_NAMES );

    if(result === null) {
        return [];
    }
    else {
        var stripped = [];
        for ( var i = 0; i < result.length; i++  ) {
            stripped.push( result[i].replace(/[\s,]/g, '') );
        }
        return stripped;
    }
}

2015-03-18 13:46:18

这个问题的答案需要3个步骤:

To get the values of the actual parameters passed to the function (let's call it argValues). This is straight forward as it will be available as arguments inside the function. To get the parameter names from the function signature (let's call it argNames). This not as easy and requires parsing the function. Instead of doing the complex regex yourself and worrying about edge cases (default parameters, comments, ...), you can use a library like babylon that will parse the function into an abstract syntax tree from which you can obtain the names of parameters. The last step is to join the 2 arrays together into 1 array that has the name and value of all the parameters.

代码是这样的

const babylon = require("babylon")
function doSomething(a, b, c) {
    // get the values of passed argumenst
    const argValues = arguments

    // get the names of the arguments by parsing the function
    const ast = babylon.parse(doSomething.toString())
    const argNames =  ast.program.body[0].params.map(node => node.name)

    // join the 2 arrays, by looping over the longest of 2 arrays
    const maxLen = Math.max(argNames.length, argValues.length)
    const args = []
    for (i = 0; i < maxLen; i++) { 
       args.push({name: argNames[i], value: argValues[i]})
    }
    console.log(args)

    // implement the actual function here
}

doSomething(1, 2, 3, 4)

日志对象将为

[
  {
    "name": "a",
    "value": 1
  },
  {
    "name": "c",
    "value": 3
  },
  {
    "value": 4
  }
]

下面是一个工作示例https://tonicdev.com/5763eb77a945f41300f62a79/5763eb77a945f41300f62a7a

2016-06-17 12:42:57

如何动态地获得函数参数名/值?

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