我在Python2.7.17中尝试过

有些人已经回答了。不过我已经试过打电话了 getattr(obj， 'set_value')，这没有执行set_value方法，所以我改为getattr(obj， 'set_value')()——>这有助于调用相同的。

示例代码:

示例1:

    class GETATT_VERIFY():
       name = "siva"
       def __init__(self):
           print "Ok"
       def set_value(self):
           self.value = "myself"
           print "oooh"
    obj = GETATT_VERIFY()
    print getattr(GETATT_VERIFY, 'name')
    getattr(obj, 'set_value')()
    print obj.value

当我从存储在类中的数据创建XML文件时，如果属性不存在或类型为None，我经常会收到错误。在本例中，我的问题不是不知道属性名是什么，而是存储在该属性中的数据。

class Pet:
    def __init__(self):
        self.hair = None
        self.color = None

如果我使用hasattr来执行此操作，即使属性值为None类型，它也会返回True，这将导致我的ElementTree set命令失败。

hasattr(temp, 'hair')
>>True

如果属性值的类型为None, getattr也会返回它，这将导致我的ElementTree set命令失败。

c = getattr(temp, 'hair')
type(c)
>> NoneType

我现在使用以下方法来处理这些情况:

def getRealAttr(class_obj, class_attr, default = ''):
    temp = getattr(class_obj, class_attr, default)
    if temp is None:
        temp = default
    elif type(temp) != str:
        temp = str(temp)
    return temp

这是我使用getattr的时间和方式。

我有时使用getattr(..)在代码中使用属性之前惰性地初始化次要属性。

比较以下内容:

class Graph(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.n_calls_to_plot = 0

    #...
    #A lot of code here
    #...

    def plot(self):
        self.n_calls_to_plot += 1

:

class Graph(object):
    def plot(self):
        self.n_calls_to_plot = 1 + getattr(self, "n_calls_to_plot", 0)

The advantage of the second way is that n_calls_to_plot only appears around the place in the code where it is used. This is good for readability, because (1) you can immediately see what value it starts with when reading how it's used, (2) it doesn't introduce a distraction into the __init__(..) method, which ideally should be about the conceptual state of the class, rather than some utility counter that is only used by one of the function's methods for technical reasons, such as optimisation, and has nothing to do with the meaning of the object.

# getattr

class hithere():

    def french(self):
        print 'bonjour'

    def english(self):
        print 'hello'

    def german(self):
        print 'hallo'

    def czech(self):
        print 'ahoj'

    def noidea(self):
        print 'unknown language'


def dispatch(language):
    try:
        getattr(hithere(),language)()
    except:
        getattr(hithere(),'noidea')()
        # note, do better error handling than this

dispatch('french')
dispatch('english')
dispatch('german')
dispatch('czech')
dispatch('spanish')

setattr ()

我们使用setattr向类实例添加一个属性。我们传递类实例、属性名和值。

getattr ()

使用getattr可以检索这些值

例如

Employee = type("Employee", (object,), dict())

employee = Employee()

# Set salary to 1000
setattr(employee,"salary", 1000 )

# Get the Salary
value = getattr(employee, "salary")

print(value)

它也从https://www.programiz.com/python-programming/methods/built-in/getattr澄清

class Person:
    age = 23
    name = "Adam"

person = Person()
print('The age is:', getattr(person, "age"))
print('The age is:', person.age)

年龄:23岁

年龄:23岁

class Person:
    age = 23
    name = "Adam"

person = Person()

# when default value is provided
print('The sex is:', getattr(person, 'sex', 'Male'))

# when no default value is provided
print('The sex is:', getattr(person, 'sex'))

性别:男性

AttributeError: 'Person'对象没有属性'sex'