我想从列表中删除一个值,如果它存在于列表中(它可能不存在)。
a = [1, 2, 3, 4]
b = a.index(6)
del a[b]
print(a)
上面给出了错误:
ValueError: list.index(x): x not in list
所以我必须这样做:
a = [1, 2, 3, 4]
try:
b = a.index(6)
del a[b]
except:
pass
print(a)
难道没有更简单的方法吗?
我想从列表中删除一个值,如果它存在于列表中(它可能不存在)。
a = [1, 2, 3, 4]
b = a.index(6)
del a[b]
print(a)
上面给出了错误:
ValueError: list.index(x): x not in list
所以我必须这样做:
a = [1, 2, 3, 4]
try:
b = a.index(6)
del a[b]
except:
pass
print(a)
难道没有更简单的方法吗?
当前回答
以下是如何做到这一点(不需要理解列表):
def remove_all(seq, value):
pos = 0
for item in seq:
if item != value:
seq[pos] = item
pos += 1
del seq[pos:]
其他回答
另一种可能是使用set而不是list,如果set适用于您的应用程序。
IE中如果你的数据不是有序的,并且没有副本,那么
my_set=set([3,4,2])
my_set.discard(1)
是没有错误的。
通常,列表只是一个方便的容器,用于存放实际上是无序的项目。有些问题询问如何从列表中删除一个元素的所有出现。如果你一开始就不想被骗,一套也很方便。
my_set.add(3)
不改变上面的my_set。
这就是我的答案,用while和for就可以了
def remove_all(data, value):
i = j = 0
while j < len(data):
if data[j] == value:
j += 1
continue
data[i] = data[j]
i += 1
j += 1
for x in range(j - i):
data.pop()
使用一个for循环和一个条件:
def cleaner(seq, value):
temp = []
for number in seq:
if number != value:
temp.append(number)
return temp
如果你想删除一些,但不是全部:
def cleaner(seq, value, occ):
temp = []
for number in seq:
if number == value and occ:
occ -= 1
continue
else:
temp.append(number)
return temp
list1=[1,2,3,3,4,5,6,1,3,4,5]
n=int(input('enter number'))
while n in list1:
list1.remove(n)
print(list1)
一些最简单的基准测试方法:
import random
from copy import copy
sample = random.sample(range(100000), 10000)
remove = random.sample(range(100000), 1000)
%%timeit
sample1 = copy(sample)
remove1 = copy(remove)
for i in reversed(sample1):
if i in remove1:
sample1.remove(i)
# 271 ms ± 16 ms per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1 loop each)
# remove all instances
%%timeit
sample1 = copy(sample)
remove1 = copy(remove)
filtered = list(filter(lambda x: x not in remove1, sample1))
# 280 ms ± 18.9 ms per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1 loop each)
# remove all instances
%%timeit
sample1 = copy(sample)
remove1 = copy(remove)
filtered = [ele for ele in sample1 if ele not in remove1]
# 293 ms ± 72.1 ms per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1 loop each)
# remove all instances
%%timeit
sample1 = copy(sample)
remove1 = copy(remove)
for val in remove1:
if val in sample1:
sample1.remove(val)
# 558 ms ± 40.7 ms per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1 loop each)
# only remove first occurrence
%%timeit
sample1 = copy(sample)
remove1 = copy(remove)
for val in remove1:
try:
sample1.remove(val)
except:
pass
# 609 ms ± 11.7 ms per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1 loop each)
# only remove first occurrence