如何从字符串中删除重音字符? 特别是在IE6中,我有这样的东西:

accentsTidy = function(s){
    var r=s.toLowerCase();
    r = r.replace(new RegExp(/\s/g),"");
    r = r.replace(new RegExp(/[àáâãäå]/g),"a");
    r = r.replace(new RegExp(/æ/g),"ae");
    r = r.replace(new RegExp(/ç/g),"c");
    r = r.replace(new RegExp(/[èéêë]/g),"e");
    r = r.replace(new RegExp(/[ìíîï]/g),"i");
    r = r.replace(new RegExp(/ñ/g),"n");                
    r = r.replace(new RegExp(/[òóôõö]/g),"o");
    r = r.replace(new RegExp(/œ/g),"oe");
    r = r.replace(new RegExp(/[ùúûü]/g),"u");
    r = r.replace(new RegExp(/[ýÿ]/g),"y");
    r = r.replace(new RegExp(/\W/g),"");
    return r;
};

但是IE6让我很烦,它好像不喜欢我的正则表达式。


当前回答

谢谢大家 我使用这个版本并说明原因(因为我在开始时错过了这些解释,所以我试图帮助下一个读者,如果他和我一样无聊…)

备注:我想要一个高效的解决方案,所以:

只有一次regexp编译(如果需要) 每个字符串只扫描一个字符串 查找已翻译字符的有效方法 等等……

我的版本是: (里面没有新的技术技巧,只有一些精选的+解释)

makeSortString = (function() {
    var translate_re = /[¹²³áàâãäåaaaÀÁÂÃÄÅAAAÆccç©CCÇÐÐèéê?ëeeeeeÈÊË?EEEEE€gGiìíîïìiiiÌÍÎÏ?ÌIIIlLnnñNNÑòóôõöoooøÒÓÔÕÖOOOØŒr®Ršs?ߊS?ùúûüuuuuÙÚÛÜUUUUýÿÝŸžzzŽZZ]/g;
    var translate = {
"¹":"1","²":"2","³":"3","á":"a","à":"a","â":"a","ã":"a","ä":"a","å":"a","a":"a","a":"a","a":"a","À":"a","Á":"a","Â":"a","Ã":"a","Ä":"a","Å":"a","A":"a","A":"a",
"A":"a","Æ":"a","c":"c","c":"c","ç":"c","©":"c","C":"c","C":"c","Ç":"c","Ð":"d","Ð":"d","è":"e","é":"e","ê":"e","?":"e","ë":"e","e":"e","e":"e","e":"e","e":"e",
"e":"e","È":"e","Ê":"e","Ë":"e","?":"e","E":"e","E":"e","E":"e","E":"e","E":"e","€":"e","g":"g","G":"g","i":"i","ì":"i","í":"i","î":"i","ï":"i","ì":"i","i":"i",
"i":"i","i":"i","Ì":"i","Í":"i","Î":"i","Ï":"i","?":"i","Ì":"i","I":"i","I":"i","I":"i","l":"l","L":"l","n":"n","n":"n","ñ":"n","N":"n","N":"n","Ñ":"n","ò":"o",
"ó":"o","ô":"o","õ":"o","ö":"o","o":"o","o":"o","o":"o","ø":"o","Ò":"o","Ó":"o","Ô":"o","Õ":"o","Ö":"o","O":"o","O":"o","O":"o","Ø":"o","Œ":"o","r":"r","®":"r",
"R":"r","š":"s","s":"s","?":"s","ß":"s","Š":"s","S":"s","?":"s","ù":"u","ú":"u","û":"u","ü":"u","u":"u","u":"u","u":"u","u":"u","Ù":"u","Ú":"u","Û":"u","Ü":"u",
"U":"u","U":"u","U":"u","U":"u","ý":"y","ÿ":"y","Ý":"y","Ÿ":"y","ž":"z","z":"z","z":"z","Ž":"z","Z":"z","Z":"z"
    };
    return function(s) {
        return(s.replace(translate_re, function(match){return translate[match];}) );
    }
})();

我是这样用的:

var without_accents = makeSortString("wïthêüÄTrèsBïgüeAk100t");
// I let you guess the result,
// no I was kidding you : I give you the result : witheuatresbigueak100t

评论:

Tthe instruction inside it is done once (after, makeSortString != undefined) function(){...} is stored once in makeSortString, so the "big" translate_re and translate objects are stored once When you call makeSortString('something') it call directly the inside function which calls only s.replace(...) : it is efficient s.replace uses regexp (the special syntax of var translate_re= .... is in fact equivalent to var translate_re = new RegExp("[¹....Z]","g"); but the compilation of the regexp is done once for all, and the scan of the s String is done one for a call of the function (not for every character as it would be in a loop) For each character found s.replace calls function(match) where parameter match contains the character found, and it call the corresponding translated character (translate[match]) Translate[match] is probably efficient too as the javascript translate object is probably implemented by javascript with a hashtab or something equivalent and allow the program to find the translated character almost directly and not for instance through a loop on a array of all characters to find the right one (which would be awfully unefficient).

其他回答

基于Ian Elliott的优秀解决方案的缩短代码:

accentsTidy = function(s){
    var r = s.toLowerCase();
    non_asciis = {'a': '[àáâãäå]', 'ae': 'æ', 'c': 'ç', 'e': '[èéêë]', 'i': '[ìíîï]', 'n': 'ñ', 'o': '[òóôõö]', 'oe': 'œ', 'u': '[ùúûűü]', 'y': '[ýÿ]'};
    for (i in non_asciis) { r = r.replace(new RegExp(non_asciis[i], 'g'), i); }
    return r;
};

编辑:修正的无效代码

我使用了string.js的latinise()方法,它可以让你这样做:

var output = S(input).latinise().toString();

假设你知道你在做什么,我怀疑IE6没有正确地解释文件的编码,因此不能识别文件中的非ascii字符:

确保文件保存为UTF-8格式(例如) 使用Fiddler或其他工具检查web服务器是否发送正确的内容编码HTTP报头。

(虽然它“闻起来”不对,但我会考虑做排序,比如在服务器上使用一些locale感知的东西……但无论如何…)

我发现所有这些都有点笨拙,而且我不太擅长正则表达式,所以这里有一个更简单的版本。将它翻译成你最喜欢的服务器端语言是很容易的,假设字符串已经在Unicode中:

// String containing replacement characters for stripping accents 
var stripstring = 
    'AAAAAAACEEEEIIII'+
    'DNOOOOO.OUUUUY..'+
    'aaaaaaaceeeeiiii'+
    'dnooooo.ouuuuy.y'+
    'AaAaAaCcCcCcCcDd'+
    'DdEeEeEeEeEeGgGg'+
    'GgGgHhHhIiIiIiIi'+
    'IiIiJjKkkLlLlLlL'+
    'lJlNnNnNnnNnOoOo'+
    'OoOoRrRrRrSsSsSs'+
    'SsTtTtTtUuUuUuUu'+
    'UuUuWwYyYZzZzZz.';

function stripaccents(str){
    var answer='';
    for(var i=0;i<str.length;i++){
        var ch=str[i];
        var chindex=ch.charCodeAt(0)-192;   // Index of character code in the strip string
        if(chindex>=0 && chindex<stripstring.length){
            // Character is within our table, so we can strip the accent...
            var outch=stripstring.charAt(chindex);
            // ...unless it was shown as a '.'
            if(outch!='.')ch=outch;
        }
        answer+=ch;
    }
    return answer;
}

function removeAccents(strAccents){
    strAccents = strAccents.split('');
    strAccentsOut = new Array();
    strAccentsLen = strAccents.length;
    var accents = 'ÀÁÂÃÄÅàáâãäåÒÓÔÕÕÖØòóôõöøÈÉÊËèéêëðÇçÐÌÍÎÏìíîïÙÚÛÜùúûüÑñŠšŸÿýŽž';
    var accentsOut = ['A','A','A','A','A','A','a','a','a','a','a','a','O','O','O','O','O','O','O','o','o','o','o','o','o','E','E','E','E','e','e','e','e','e','C','c','D','I','I','I','I','i','i','i','i','U','U','U','U','u','u','u','u','N','n','S','s','Y','y','y','Z','z'];
    for (var y = 0; y < strAccentsLen; y++) {
        if (accents.indexOf(strAccents[y]) != -1) {
            strAccentsOut[y] = accentsOut[accents.indexOf(strAccents[y])];
        }
        else
            strAccentsOut[y] = strAccents[y];
    }
    strAccentsOut = strAccentsOut.join('');
    return strAccentsOut;
}