val表示不可变，var表示可变

解释一下，“val表示值，var表示变量”。

A distinction that happens to be extremely important in computing (because those two concepts define the very essence of what programming is all about), and that OO has managed to blur almost completely, because in OO, the only axiom is that "everything is an object". And that as a consequence, lots of programmers these days tend not to understand/appreciate/recognize, because they have been brainwashed into "thinking the OO way" exclusively. Often leading to variable/mutable objects being used like everywhere, when value/immutable objects might/would often have been better.

在javascript方面，它与

val -> const 是 -> 是

Val表示不可变，var表示可变。

完整的讨论。

Val是最终值，即不能设置。在java中考虑final。

区别在于var可以被重新赋值，而val则不能。可变性，或其他任何实际分配的东西，是一个次要问题:

import collection.immutable
import collection.mutable
var m = immutable.Set("London", "Paris")
m = immutable.Set("New York") //Reassignment - I have change the "value" at m.

而:

val n = immutable.Set("London", "Paris")
n = immutable.Set("New York") //Will not compile as n is a val.

因此:

val n = mutable.Set("London", "Paris")
n = mutable.Set("New York") //Will not compile, even though the type of n is mutable.

如果您正在构建一个数据结构，并且它的所有字段都是val，那么该数据结构因此是不可变的，因为它的状态不能改变。

从c++的角度思考，

val x: T

是否类似于指向非常量数据的常量指针

T* const x;

而

var x: T 

类似于指向非常量数据的非常量指针吗

T* x;

偏好val而不是var增加了代码库的不可变性，这有助于它的正确性、并发性和可理解性。

要理解常量指针指向非常量数据的含义，请考虑以下Scala代码片段:

val m = scala.collection.mutable.Map(1 -> "picard")
m // res0: scala.collection.mutable.Map[Int,String] = HashMap(1 -> picard)

这里的“指针”val m是常量，所以我们不能将它重新赋值为指向其他东西

m = n // error: reassignment to val

但是我们确实可以改变m指向的非常数数据本身

m.put(2, "worf")
m // res1: scala.collection.mutable.Map[Int,String] = HashMap(1 -> picard, 2 -> worf)