如何在JavaScript中创建和读取cookie的值?
当前回答
我已经使用这个线程的公认答案很多次了。这是一段很棒的代码:简单且可用。但我通常使用babel和ES6和模块,所以如果你像我一样,这里有一些代码可以复制,以更快地使用ES6开发
接受答案改写为模块与ES6:
export const createCookie = ({name, value, days}) => {
let expires;
if (days) {
let date = new Date();
date.setTime(date.getTime() + (days * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000));
expires = '; expires=' + date.toUTCString();
} else {
expires = '';
}
document.cookie = name + '=' + value + expires + '; path=/';
};
export const getCookie = ({name}) => {
if (document.cookie.length > 0) {
let c_start = document.cookie.indexOf(name + '=');
if (c_start !== -1) {
c_start = c_start + name.length + 1;
let c_end = document.cookie.indexOf(';', c_start);
if (c_end === -1) {
c_end = document.cookie.length;
}
return unescape(document.cookie.substring(c_start, c_end));
}
}
return '';
};
在这之后,你可以简单地导入它作为任何模块(路径当然可能不同):
import {createCookie, getCookie} from './../helpers/Cookie';
其他回答
我写了简单的cookie utils,它有三个功能创建cookie,读取cookie和删除cookie。
var CookieUtils = {
createCookie: function (name, value, expireTime) {
expireTime = !!expireTime ? expireTime : (15 * 60 * 1000); // Default 15 min
var date = new Date();
date.setTime(date.getTime() + expireTime);
var expires = "; expires=" + date.toGMTString();
document.cookie = name + "=" + value + expires + "; path=/";
},
getCookie: function (name) {
var value = "; " + document.cookie;
var parts = value.split("; " + name + "=");
if (parts.length == 2) {
return parts.pop().split(";").shift();
}
},
deleteCookie: function(name) {
document.cookie = name +'=; Path=/; Expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:01 GMT;';
}
};
ES7,使用正则表达式的get()。基于MDN
const Cookie = {
get: name => {
let c = document.cookie.match(`(?:(?:^|.*; *)${name} *= *([^;]*).*$)|^.*$`)[1]
if (c) return decodeURIComponent(c)
},
set: (name, value, opts = {}) => {
/*If options contains days then we're configuring max-age*/
if (opts.days) {
opts['max-age'] = opts.days * 60 * 60 * 24;
/*Deleting days from options to pass remaining opts to cookie settings*/
delete opts.days
}
/*Configuring options to cookie standard by reducing each property*/
opts = Object.entries(opts).reduce(
(accumulatedStr, [k, v]) => `${accumulatedStr}; ${k}=${v}`, ''
)
/*Finally, creating the key*/
document.cookie = name + '=' + encodeURIComponent(value) + opts
},
delete: (name, opts) => Cookie.set(name, '', {'max-age': -1, ...opts})
// path & domain must match cookie being deleted
}
Cookie.set('user', 'Jim', {path: '/', days: 10})
// Set the path to top level (instead of page) and expiration to 10 days (instead of session)
用法- Cookie。Get (name, value [, options]): Options支持所有标准cookie选项,并增加了“days”:
path: '/' - any absolute path. Default: current document location, domain: 'sub.example.com' - may not start with dot. Default: current host without subdomain. secure: true - Only serve cookie over https. Default: false. days: 2 - days till cookie expires. Default: End of session. Alternative ways of setting expiration: expires: 'Sun, 18 Feb 2018 16:23:42 GMT' - date of expiry as a GMT string. Current date can be gotten with: new Date(Date.now()).toUTCString() 'max-age': 30 - same as days, but in seconds instead of days.
其他答案使用“expires”而不是“max-age”来支持旧的IE版本。这个方法需要ES7,所以IE7已经出来了(这不是什么大问题)。
注意:像“=”和“{:}”这样有趣的字符被支持作为cookie值,regex处理开头和结尾的空白(来自其他库)。 如果您想存储对象,可以在和JSON之前或之后对它们进行编码。stringify和JSON。解析、编辑上面的内容,或者添加另一个方法。例如:
Cookie.getJSON = name => JSON.parse(Cookie.get(name))
Cookie.setJSON = (name, value, opts) => Cookie.set(name, JSON.stringify(value), opts);
以下是可以用于创建和检索cookie的函数。
function createCookie(name, value, days) {
var expires;
if (days) {
var date = new Date();
date.setTime(date.getTime() + (days * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000));
expires = "; expires=" + date.toGMTString();
}
else {
expires = "";
}
document.cookie = name + "=" + value + expires + "; path=/";
}
function getCookie(c_name) {
if (document.cookie.length > 0) {
c_start = document.cookie.indexOf(c_name + "=");
if (c_start != -1) {
c_start = c_start + c_name.length + 1;
c_end = document.cookie.indexOf(";", c_start);
if (c_end == -1) {
c_end = document.cookie.length;
}
return unescape(document.cookie.substring(c_start, c_end));
}
}
return "";
}
简约且功能齐全的ES6方法:
const setCookie = (name, value, days = 7, path = '/') => {
const expires = new Date(Date.now() + days * 864e5).toUTCString()
document.cookie = name + '=' + encodeURIComponent(value) + '; expires=' + expires + '; path=' + path
}
const getCookie = (name) => {
return document.cookie.split('; ').reduce((r, v) => {
const parts = v.split('=')
return parts[0] === name ? decodeURIComponent(parts[1]) : r
}, '')
}
const deleteCookie = (name, path) => {
setCookie(name, '', -1, path)
}
JQuery cookie
或纯Javascript:
function setCookie(c_name,value,exdays)
{
var exdate=new Date();
exdate.setDate(exdate.getDate() + exdays);
var c_value=escape(value) + ((exdays==null) ? "" : ("; expires="+exdate.toUTCString()));
document.cookie=c_name + "=" + c_value;
}
function getCookie(c_name)
{
var i,x,y,ARRcookies=document.cookie.split(";");
for (i=0; i<ARRcookies.length; i++)
{
x=ARRcookies[i].substr(0,ARRcookies[i].indexOf("="));
y=ARRcookies[i].substr(ARRcookies[i].indexOf("=")+1);
x=x.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/g,"");
if (x==c_name)
{
return unescape(y);
}
}
}
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