在另一个上面安装最常用的一个(我的例子是3.3)。这将迫使IDLE使用您想要的那个。

或者(来自python3.3 README):

安装多个版本

On Unix and Mac systems if you intend to install multiple versions of Python using the same installation prefix (--prefix argument to the configure script) you must take care that your primary python executable is not overwritten by the installation of a different version. All files and directories installed using "make altinstall" contain the major and minor version and can thus live side-by-side. "make install" also creates ${prefix}/bin/python3 which refers to ${prefix}/bin/pythonX.Y. If you intend to install multiple versions using the same prefix you must decide which version (if any) is your "primary" version. Install that version using "make install". Install all other versions using "make altinstall".

例如，如果你想安装Python 2.6, 2.7和3.3，其中2.7是 主版本，您将在2.7构建目录中执行“make install” 而其他的则是“make altinstall”。

如果您使用Anaconda Python，您可以轻松地安装各种环境。

假设你已经安装了Anaconda Python 2.7，你想要一个Python 3.4环境:

conda create -n py34 python=3.4 anaconda

然后激活环境:

activate py34

以及deactive:

deactivate py34

(对于Linux，您应该使用源代码激活py34。)

链接:

下载蟒蛇

环境说明

You can install multiple versions of Python one machine, and during setup, you can choose to have one of them associate itself with Python file extensions. If you install modules, there will be different setup packages for different versions, or you can choose which version you want to target. Since they generally install themselves into the site-packages directory of the interpreter version, there shouldn't be any conflicts (but I haven't tested this). To choose which version of python, you would have to manually specify the path to the interpreter if it is not the default one. As far as I know, they would share the same PATH and PYTHONPATH variables, which may be a problem.

注:我使用的是Windows XP。我不知道其他版本是否会有这些变化，但我看不出有任何理由会发生变化。

我自己也遇到过这个问题，我把我的启动器放在。bat中，这样你就可以选择你想要启动的版本。

唯一的问题是你的.py必须在python文件夹中，但不管怎样，这里是代码:

对于Python2

@echo off
title Python2 Launcher by KinDa
cls
echo Type the exact version of Python you use (eg. 23, 24, 25, 26)
set/p version=
cls
echo Type the file you want to launch without .py (eg. hello world, calculator)
set/p launch=
path = %PATH%;C:\Python%version%
cd C:\Python%version%
python %launch%.py
pause

对于Python3

@echo off
title Python3 Launcher by KinDa
cls
echo Type the exact version of Python you use (eg. 31, 32, 33, 34)
set/p version=
cls
echo Type the file you want to launch without .py (eg. hello world, calculator)
set/p launch=
cls
set path = %PATH%:C:\Python%version%
cd C:\Python%version%
python %launch%.py
pause

将它们保存为。bat，并按照里面的说明进行操作。

要在同一系统中安装和运行任何版本的Python，请遵循下面的指南。

例如，假设你想安装Python 2。3. Python。x在同一个Windows系统上。

Install both of their binary releases anywhere you want. When prompted do not register their file extensions and do not add them automatically to the PATH environment variable Running simply the command python the executable that is first met in PATH will be chosen for launch. In other words, add the Python directories manually. The one you add first will be selected when you type python. Consecutive python programs (increasing order that their directories are placed in PATH) will be chosen like so: py -2 for the second python py -3 for the third python etc.. No matter the order of "pythons" you can: run Python 2.x scripts using the command: py -2 (Python 3.x functionality) (ie. the first Python 2.x installation program found in your PATH will be selected) run Python 3.x scripts using the command: or py -3 (ie. the first Python 3.x installation program found in your PATH will be selected)

在我的例子中，我先安装了Python 2.7.14，然后安装了Python 3.5.3。这是我的PATH变量的开头:

路径=C:\文件程序\微软MPI\ \ \;C:\Python27;C:\文件程序\ python_3.6 \ scription \;C:\文件程序\ python_3.6 \

...

请注意，Python 2.7是第一个，Python 3.5是第二个。

因此，运行python命令将启动python 2.7(如果python 3.5，同样的命令将启动python 3.5)。 运行py -2将启动Python 2.7(因为恰好第二个Python是Python 3.5，与py -2不兼容)。 运行py -3会启动Python 3.5(因为它是Python 3.x) 如果你的路径中有另一个python，你会像这样启动:py -4。如果/当Python版本4发布时，这可能会改变。

现在py -4或py -5等在我的系统输出:请求的Python版本(4)未安装或请求的Python版本(5)未安装等。

希望这已经足够清楚了。

我已经在windows 10pro上安装了python 2.7.13和python 3.6.1，当我尝试pip2或pip3时，我得到了相同的“致命错误”。

为了纠正这一点，我去python2和python3文件的python.exe的位置，并为每个文件创建一个副本，然后根据安装文件夹中的python版本将每个副本重命名为python2.exe和python3.exe。因此，我在每个python安装文件夹中都有一个python.exe文件和一个python2.exe或python3.exe，这取决于python版本。

当我输入pip2或pip3时，这解决了我的问题。