看一下File.ReadAllText()方法

一些重要备注:

This method opens a file, reads each line of the file, and then adds each line as an element of a string. It then closes the file. A line is defined as a sequence of characters followed by a carriage return ('\r'), a line feed ('\n'), or a carriage return immediately followed by a line feed. The resulting string does not contain the terminating carriage return and/or line feed. This method attempts to automatically detect the encoding of a file based on the presence of byte order marks. Encoding formats UTF-8 and UTF-32 (both big-endian and little-endian) can be detected. Use the ReadAllText(String, Encoding) method overload when reading files that might contain imported text, because unrecognized characters may not be read correctly. The file handle is guaranteed to be closed by this method, even if exceptions are raised

string text = File.ReadAllText("Path");一个字符串变量中包含了所有文本。如果你需要每一行单独，你可以使用这个:

string[] lines = File.ReadAllLines("Path");

File怎么样?ReadAllText:

string contents = File.ReadAllText(@"C:\temp\test.txt");

你可以使用:

 public static void ReadFileToEnd()
{
    try
    {
    //provide to reader your complete text file
        using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader("TestFile.txt"))
        {
            String line = sr.ReadToEnd();
            Console.WriteLine(line);
        }
    }
    catch (Exception e)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("The file could not be read:");
        Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
    }
}

File的基准比较。c#文件处理中的ReadAllLines vs StreamReader ReadLine

结果。StreamReader对于10000 +的大文件要快得多 行，但对于较小的文件，差异可以忽略不计。像往常一样, 计划不同大小的文件，并使用File。仅当 性能并不重要。

StreamReader方法

作为文件。ReadAllText方法已经被其他人建议，您也可以尝试更快的方法(我没有定量测试性能影响，但它似乎比File更快。ReadAllText(参见下面的比较))。不过，只有在较大的文件中才能看到性能上的差异。

string readContents;
using (StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(path, Encoding.UTF8))
{
     readContents = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
}

File.Readxxx()与StreamReader.Readxxx()的比较

通过ILSpy查看指示性代码，我发现了以下关于文件的内容。ReadAllLines File.ReadAllText。

文件。ReadAllText -使用StreamReader。ReadToEnd内部 文件。ReadAllLines -也使用StreamReader。内部ReadLine，额外的开销是创建List<string>作为读取行返回，并循环直到文件结束。

所以这两个方法都是建立在StreamReader之上的额外便利层。这从该方法的指示体中可以明显看出。

由ILSpy反编译的File.ReadAllText()实现

public static string ReadAllText(string path)
{
    if (path == null)
    {
        throw new ArgumentNullException("path");
    }
    if (path.Length == 0)
    {
        throw new ArgumentException(Environment.GetResourceString("Argument_EmptyPath"));
    }
    return File.InternalReadAllText(path, Encoding.UTF8);
}   

private static string InternalReadAllText(string path, Encoding encoding)
{
    string result;
    using (StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(path, encoding))
    {
        result = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
    }
    return result;
}

对于那些觉得这个东西有趣和有趣的新手来说，在大多数情况下(根据这些基准测试)将整个文件读入字符串的最快方法是通过以下方法:

using (StreamReader sr = File.OpenText(fileName))
{
        string s = sr.ReadToEnd();
}
//you then have to process the string

然而，绝对最快的读取文本文件的整体似乎是以下:

using (StreamReader sr = File.OpenText(fileName))
{
        string s = String.Empty;
        while ((s = sr.ReadLine()) != null)
        {
               //do what you have to here
        }
}

与其他几种技术相比，它在大多数情况下胜出，包括与BufferedReader的竞争。