这可能发生在您执行包含文件的签出时，这些文件本应由LFS跟踪(如.gitattributes中指定的那样)，但它们却被直接提交了。大多数情况下，您有另一个程序管理您的存储库，如git GUI或IDE。

这可能会令人沮丧，因为这些文件不知从哪里冒出来，阻止您进行签出。只要您将更改隐藏起来，它们就会返回!如果您陷入这种情况，一个快速的解决方法是在一个临时分支上提交这些更改，这样您就可以再次签出。

要真正解决这个问题，请确保将文件提交为LFS指针。这应该和使用git add一样简单。在提交之前使用git lfs状态检查你的工作。git lfs ls-files将显示lfs正在管理的文件。

git lfs状态是误导性的，因为当它真正列出所有更改时，它会读取git lfs对象以提交。您希望由LFS跟踪的文件应该读取类似于(LFS: c9e4f4a)或(Git: c9e4f4a -> LFS: c9e4f4a)的文件，而不是(Git: c9e4f4a)。

举例来说，我发现这是一个问题，当通过Xcode 9.2添加图像资产时，我添加了“CalendarChecked.png”，它会自动添加:

$ git status
Changes to be committed:
  (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)

    new file:   Example/Assets.xcassets/CalendarChecked.imageset/CalendarChecked.png

Changes not staged for commit:
  (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
  (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)

    modified:   Example/Assets.xcassets/CalendarChecked.imageset/CalendarChecked.png

$ git lfs status

Git LFS objects to be committed:

    Example/Assets.xcassets/CalendarChecked.imageset/CalendarChecked.png (Git: c9e4f4a)

Git LFS objects not staged for commit:

    Example/Assets.xcassets/CalendarChecked.imageset/CalendarChecked.png (File: c9e4f4a)

$ git add Example/Assets.xcassets/CalendarChecked.imageset/CalendarChecked.png`
$ git lfs status

Git LFS objects to be committed:

    Empty/Empty/Assets.xcassets/CalendarChecked.imageset/CalendarChecked.png (LFS: c9e4f4a)

Git LFS objects not staged for commit:

$

下面的进程将添加一个提交，将所有应该是lfs指针的二进制文件替换为lfs指针。

Clean working copy completely. Together with the force add below this prevents any files getting added or removed due to .gitignore patterns. git clean -dfx git reset --hard git checkout -- . Add remove for everything to staging area. Working copy will not be touched. git rm --cached -r . Readd all files from working copy again. This will basically undo the previous command but will reevaluate lfs filters. Use -f to ignore .gitignore. All files present were previously checked in and should get added again. git add -f . You staging area now should only contain the binary files that previously raised the 'should have been pointers' error. git commit -m "moved files to lfs"

当一个明显的错误突然出现时，我们的团队是这样做的:

Disable lfs for that specific type file (modifying .gitattributes or via SourceTree menus) The change will dissapear and you will see a change on .gitattributes instead Remove the problem: 3.1 One solution is to execute git reset --hard. Another way, discard changes. Sometimes the file will not come up again. 3.2.1 If the previous solution doesn't work, repeat 1 and 2. Then make sure that this branch you are in (A) has already commited and pushed everything except those annoying files. Then commit your change, but not push. 3.2.2: Go to another branch (B) 3.2.3: Remove that local branch (A) where you performed the commit to .gitattributes, forcing the removal even when it says there's a commit that hasn't been pushed. It will forget that commit (it can afterwards be removed via GC or whatever but it's not a big deal if the file that has the error is not huge) 3.2.4: Checkout the branch A again. It will download the previous status of the repository without the annoying files and LFS settings set up the correct way.

这招总是管用的!

自从git lfs 2.5.0以来，有一个新的命令可以让这变得更容易(docs):

git lfs migrate import --no-rewrite "broken file.jpg" "another broken file.png" ...

这将文件“迁移”到git lfs中，根据.gitattributes应该在lfs中，但目前没有(这就是出现错误消息的原因)。

——no-rewrite阻止git将此应用于旧的提交，而是创建一个新的提交。

使用-m "commitmessage"为该提交设置一个提交消息。

这里有一个修饰，不需要重新安装lfs钩子或模糊任何.gitattributes文件:

git -c filter.lfs.smudge= -c filter.lfs.clean= reset --hard

就像Travis Heeter在他的回答中提到的，试试下面的命令序列:

git lfs uninstall
git reset --hard
git lfs install
git lfs pull

如果这是不工作(因为这不是为我工作)，下面的黑客可能工作:

git rm --cached -r .
git reset --hard
git rm .gitattributes
git reset .
git checkout .

这对我很管用!