我喜欢Kyle Simpson的关闭定义:

关闭是函数能够记住和访问其语法范围,即使该函数在其语法范围之外运行。

语法范围是当一个内部范围能够访问其外部范围时。

此分類上一篇: You Don't Know JS: Scopes & Closures

function foo() {
  var a = 2;

  function bar() {
    console.log( a );
  }
  return bar;
}

function test() {
  var bz = foo();
  bz();
}

// prints 2. Here function bar referred by var bz is outside 
// its lexical scope but it can still access it
test(); 

一个基本例子在JavaScript中的关闭:

关闭存储对外部函数的变量的参考:

它们不会存储实际值 关闭会变得更有趣,当关闭之前外部函数的变量变量的值被召唤时,并且这种强大的特性可以以创造性的方式利用,例如杜格拉斯·克罗克福德首次展示的这种私人变量例子:

函数名人ID( ) { var celebrityID = 999; // 我们将返回一个具有某些内部函数的对象 // 所有内部函数都有访问外部函数的变量返回 { getID:函数() { // 此内部函数将返回更新名人ID变量 // 它将返回名人ID的当前值,即使在

3、关闭已被告知

http://javascript.info/tutorial/closures http://www.javascriptkit.com/javatutors/closures.shtml

我知道已经有很多解决方案,但我猜这个小而简单的脚本可以有用来证明这个概念:

// makeSequencer will return a "sequencer" function
var makeSequencer = function() {
    var _count = 0; // not accessible outside this function
    var sequencer = function () {
        return _count++;
    }
    return sequencer;
}

var fnext = makeSequencer();
var v0 = fnext();     // v0 = 0;
var v1 = fnext();     // v1 = 1;
var vz = fnext._count // vz = undefined

好吧,和一个6岁的孩子谈话,我可能会使用随后的协会。

想象一下 - 你正在玩你的小兄弟姐妹在整个房子,你正在移动周围与你的玩具,并将其中的一些带到你的哥哥的房间。 过了一会儿,你的哥哥从学校回来,去了他的房间,他锁在里面,所以现在你不能访问玩具留在那里再直接的方式。

比较一个情况,当一个门被草案锁定,没有人在里面(通用功能执行),然后一些当地的火灾发生并燃烧房间(垃圾收集器:D),然后一个新的房间被建造,现在你可以留下其他玩具在那里(新功能例子),但从来没有得到相同的玩具留在第一间房间例子。

对于一个先进的孩子,我会把这样的东西放在下面,这不是完美的,但它让你感觉到它是什么:

function playingInBrothersRoom (withToys) {
  // We closure toys which we played in the brother's room. When he come back and lock the door
  // your brother is supposed to be into the outer [[scope]] object now. Thanks god you could communicate with him.
  var closureToys = withToys || [],
      returnToy, countIt, toy; // Just another closure helpers, for brother's inner use.

  var brotherGivesToyBack = function (toy) {
    // New request. There is not yet closureToys on brother's hand yet. Give him a time.
    returnToy = null;
    if (toy && closureToys.length > 0) { // If we ask for a specific toy, the brother is going to search for it.

      for ( countIt = closureToys.length; countIt; countIt--) {
        if (closureToys[countIt - 1] == toy) {
          returnToy = 'Take your ' + closureToys.splice(countIt - 1, 1) + ', little boy!';
          break;
        }
      }
      returnToy = returnToy || 'Hey, I could not find any ' + toy + ' here. Look for it in another room.';
    }
    else if (closureToys.length > 0) { // Otherwise, just give back everything he has in the room.
      returnToy = 'Behold! ' + closureToys.join(', ') + '.';
      closureToys = [];
    }
    else {
      returnToy = 'Hey, lil shrimp, I gave you everything!';
    }
    console.log(returnToy);
  }
  return brotherGivesToyBack;
}
// You are playing in the house, including the brother's room.
var toys = ['teddybear', 'car', 'jumpingrope'],
    askBrotherForClosuredToy = playingInBrothersRoom(toys);

// The door is locked, and the brother came from the school. You could not cheat and take it out directly.
console.log(askBrotherForClosuredToy.closureToys); // Undefined

// But you could ask your brother politely, to give it back.
askBrotherForClosuredToy('teddybear'); // Hooray, here it is, teddybear
askBrotherForClosuredToy('ball'); // The brother would not be able to find it.
askBrotherForClosuredToy(); // The brother gives you all the rest
askBrotherForClosuredToy(); // Nothing left in there

正如你可以看到的那样,房间里留下的玩具仍然可以通过兄弟访问,不管房间是否被锁定。

最简单、最短、最容易理解的答案:

关闭是一个代码块,每个行都可以用相同的变量名称引用相同的变量集。

如果“这”意味着与它在其他地方做什么不同,那么你知道它是两个不同的关闭。

能否向五岁男孩解释关闭?

我仍然认为谷歌的解释工作得很好,简要:

/*
*    When a function is defined in another function and it
*    has access to the outer function's context even after
*    the outer function returns.
*
* An important concept to learn in JavaScript.
*/

function outerFunction(someNum) {
    var someString = 'Hey!';
    var content = document.getElementById('content');
    function innerFunction() {
        content.innerHTML = someNum + ': ' + someString;
        content = null; // Internet Explorer memory leak for DOM reference
    }
    innerFunction();
}

outerFunction(1);​

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