//1.
//Custom delegate 
@protocol TB_RemovedUserCellTag <NSObject>

-(void)didRemoveCellWithTag:(NSInteger)tag;

@end

//2.
//Create a weak reference in a class where you declared the delegate
@property(weak,nonatomic)id <TB_RemovedUserCellTag> removedCellTagDelegate;

//3. 
// use it in the class
  [self.removedCellTagDelegate didRemoveCellWithTag:self.tag];

//4. import the header file in the class where you want to conform to the protocol
@interface MyClassUsesDelegate ()<TB_RemovedUserCellTag>

@end

/ / 5。在类.m中实现该方法 - (void) didRemoveCellWithTag: (NSInteger)标记 ｛ NSLog@(“% d”标签,标签);

}

让我们从一个例子开始，如果我们在网上购买一件产品，它会经过不同团队处理的运输/交付等流程。因此，如果运输完成，运输团队应该通知交付团队，并且应该是一对一的沟通，因为广播这个信息对其他人来说是一种开销/供应商可能只希望将这个信息传递给需要的人。

所以如果我们从应用的角度考虑，一个事件可以是一个在线订单，不同的团队可以是多个视图。

下面是代码，将ShippingView作为发货团队，将DeliveryView作为交付团队:

//Declare the protocol with functions having info which needs to be communicated
protocol ShippingDelegate : class {
    func productShipped(productID : String)
}
//shippingView which shows shipping status of products
class ShippingView : UIView
{

    weak var delegate:ShippingDelegate?
    var productID : String

    @IBAction func checkShippingStatus(sender: UIButton)
    {
        // if product is shipped
        delegate?.productShipped(productID: productID)
    }
}
//Delivery view which shows delivery status & tracking info
class DeliveryView: UIView,ShippingDelegate
{
    func productShipped(productID : String)
    {
        // update status on view & perform delivery
    }
}

//Main page on app which has both views & shows updated info on product whole status
class ProductViewController : UIViewController
{
    var shippingView : ShippingView
    var deliveryView : DeliveryView

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        // as we want to update shipping info on delivery view, so assign delegate to delivery object
        // whenever shipping status gets updated it will call productShipped method in DeliveryView & update UI.
        shippingView.delegate = deliveryView
        //
    }
}

认可的答案很好，但如果你想要一个1分钟的答案，试试这个:

MyClass.h文件应该如下所示(添加带有注释的委托行!)

#import <BlaClass/BlaClass.h>

@class MyClass;             //define class, so protocol can see MyClass
@protocol MyClassDelegate <NSObject>   //define delegate protocol
    - (void) myClassDelegateMethod: (MyClass *) sender;  //define delegate method to be implemented within another class
@end //end protocol

@interface MyClass : NSObject {
}
@property (nonatomic, weak) id <MyClassDelegate> delegate; //define MyClassDelegate as delegate

@end

MyClass。M文件应该是这样的

#import "MyClass.h"
@implementation MyClass 
@synthesize delegate; //synthesise  MyClassDelegate delegate

- (void) myMethodToDoStuff {
    [self.delegate myClassDelegateMethod:self]; //this will call the method implemented in your other class    
}

@end

要在另一个类中使用你的委托(UIViewController在这种情况下称为MyVC) MyVC.h:

#import "MyClass.h"
@interface MyVC:UIViewController <MyClassDelegate> { //make it a delegate for MyClassDelegate
}

MyVC.m:

myClass.delegate = self;          //set its delegate to self somewhere

实现委托方法

- (void) myClassDelegateMethod: (MyClass *) sender {
    NSLog(@"Delegates are great!");
}

在我看来，为委托方法创建单独的类，你可以在任何地方使用。

在我的自定义下拉列表类。h

typedef enum
{
 DDSTATE,
 DDCITY
}DropDownType;

@protocol DropDownListDelegate <NSObject>
@required
- (void)dropDownDidSelectItemWithString:(NSString*)itemString     DropDownType:(DropDownType)dropDownType;
@end
@interface DropDownViewController : UIViewController
{
 BOOL isFiltered;
}
@property (nonatomic, assign) DropDownType dropDownType;
@property (weak) id <DropDownListDelegate> delegate;
@property (strong, nonatomic) NSMutableArray *array1DropDown;
@property (strong, nonatomic) NSMutableArray *array2DropDown;

然后进去。M文件创建对象数组

 - (CGFloat)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView heightForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath{
CGFloat rowHeight = 44.0f;
return rowHeight;
}

-(NSInteger)numberOfSectionsInTableView:(UITableView *)tableView {
return 1;
}
- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section{
return isFiltered?[self.array1DropDown count]:[self.array2DropDown count];
}
- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {
static NSString *simpleTableIdentifier = @"TableCell";
UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:simpleTableIdentifier];
if (cell == nil) {
    cell = [[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleDefault reuseIdentifier:simpleTableIdentifier];
}

if (self.delegate) {
    if (self.dropDownType == DDCITY) {
        cell.textLabel.text = [self.array1DropDown objectAtIndex:indexPath.row];
    }
    else if (self.dropDownType == DDSTATE) {
        cell.textLabel.text = [self.array2DropDown objectAtIndex:indexPath.row];
    }
}
return cell;
}

- (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath
{
 [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:^{
    if(self.delegate){
        if(self.dropDownType == DDCITY){
            [self.delegate dropDownDidSelectItemWithString:[self.array1DropDown objectAtIndex:indexPath.row] DropDownType:self.dropDownType];
        }
        else if (self.dropDownType == DDSTATE) {
            [self.delegate dropDownDidSelectItemWithString:[self.array2DropDown objectAtIndex:indexPath.row] DropDownType:self.dropDownType];
        }
    }
}];
}

这里所有的都设置为自定义委托类。之后你可以在任何你想要的地方使用这个委派方法。例如……

在之后的另一个视图控制器导入中

像这样创建调用委托方法的动作

- (IBAction)dropDownBtn1Action:(id)sender {
DropDownViewController *vehicleModelDropView = [[DropDownViewController alloc]init];
vehicleModelDropView.dropDownType = DDCITY;
vehicleModelDropView.delegate = self;
[self presentViewController:vehicleModelDropView animated:YES completion:nil];
}

之后像这样调用委托方法

- (void)dropDownDidSelectItemWithString:(NSString *)itemString DropDownType:(DropDownType)dropDownType {
switch (dropDownType) {
    case DDCITY:{
        if(itemString.length > 0){
            //Here i am printing the selected row
            [self.dropDownBtn1 setTitle:itemString forState:UIControlStateNormal];
        }
    }
        break;
    case DDSTATE: {
        //Here i am printing the selected row
        [self.dropDownBtn2 setTitle:itemString forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    }

    default:
        break;
}
}

当使用形式化协议方法来创建委托支持时，我发现你可以通过添加以下内容来确保正确的类型检查(尽管是运行时，而不是编译时):

if (![delegate conformsToProtocol:@protocol(MyDelegate)]) {
    [NSException raise:@"MyDelegate Exception"
                format:@"Parameter does not conform to MyDelegate protocol at line %d", (int)__LINE__];
}

在你的委托访问器(setDelegate)代码中。这有助于减少错误。

斯威夫特版本

委托只是一个为另一个类做一些工作的类。阅读下面的代码，这是一个有点傻(但希望有启发性)的Playground示例，它展示了如何在Swift中实现这一点。

// A protocol is just a list of methods (and/or properties) that must
// be used by any class that adopts the protocol.
protocol OlderSiblingDelegate: class {
    // This protocol only defines one required method
    func getYourNiceOlderSiblingAGlassOfWater() -> String
}

class BossyBigBrother {
    
    // The delegate is the BossyBigBrother's slave. This position can 
    // be assigned later to whoever is available (and conforms to the 
    // protocol).
    weak var delegate: OlderSiblingDelegate?
    
    func tellSomebodyToGetMeSomeWater() -> String? {
        // The delegate is optional because there might not be anyone
        // nearby to boss around.
        return delegate?.getYourNiceOlderSiblingAGlassOfWater()
    }
}

// PoorLittleSister conforms to the OlderSiblingDelegate protocol
class PoorLittleSister: OlderSiblingDelegate {

    // This method is repquired by the protocol, but the protocol said
    // nothing about how it needs to be implemented.
    func getYourNiceOlderSiblingAGlassOfWater() -> String {
        return "Go get it yourself!"
    }
    
}

// initialize the classes
let bigBro = BossyBigBrother()
let lilSis = PoorLittleSister()

// Set the delegate 
// bigBro could boss around anyone who conforms to the 
// OlderSiblingDelegate protocol, but since lilSis is here, 
// she is the unlucky choice.
bigBro.delegate = lilSis

// Because the delegate is set, there is a class to do bigBro's work for him.
// bigBro tells lilSis to get him some water.
if let replyFromLilSis = bigBro.tellSomebodyToGetMeSomeWater() {
    print(replyFromLilSis) // "Go get it yourself!"
}

在实际实践中，委托通常用于以下情况

当一个类需要向另一个类传递一些信息时 当一个类希望允许另一个类自定义它时

类之间不需要事先知道彼此的任何信息，除非委托类符合所需的协议。

我强烈推荐阅读以下两篇文章。它们甚至比文档更能帮助我理解委托。

什么是委托?-快速开发人员指南 委托如何工作-一个快速的开发者指南