我想在sql 2008上写一个查询，它将报告所有有权访问特定数据库的用户，或数据库中的对象，如表，视图和存储过程，直接或由于角色等。该报告将用于安全审计目的。不确定是否有人有一个查询，将完全满足我的需求，但希望能给我一个好的开始。无论是sql 2008, 2005或2000将做，我可以根据需要转换。
当前回答
很棒的脚本Jeremy和贡献者!谢谢!
我有很多用户，所以为所有用户运行这个程序简直是一场噩梦。我不能添加评论，所以我发布了整个脚本的变化。我添加了一个变量+ where子句，这样我就可以搜索用户名中匹配最多5个字符的任何内容(或当留空时所有用户)。没什么特别的，但我认为在某些用例中会有帮助。
DECLARE @p_userName NVARCHAR(5) = 'UName' -- Specify up to five characters here (or none for all users)
/*
Security Audit Report
1) List all access provisioned to a sql user or windows user/group directly
2) List all access provisioned to a sql user or windows user/group through a database or application role
3) List all access provisioned to the public role
Columns Returned:
UserName : SQL or Windows/Active Directory user cccount. This could also be an Active Directory group.
UserType : Value will be either 'SQL User' or 'Windows User'. This reflects the type of user defined for the SQL Server user account.
DatabaseUserName: Name of the associated user as defined in the database user account. The database user may not be the same as the server user.
Role : The role name. This will be null if the associated permissions to the object are defined at directly on the user account, otherwise this will be the name of the role that the user is a member of.
PermissionType : Type of permissions the user/role has on an object. Examples could include CONNECT, EXECUTE, SELECT, DELETE, INSERT, ALTER, CONTROL, TAKE OWNERSHIP, VIEW DEFINITION, etc. This value may not be populated for all roles. Some built in roles have implicit permission definitions.
PermissionState : Reflects the state of the permission type, examples could include GRANT, DENY, etc. This value may not be populated for all roles. Some built in roles have implicit permission definitions.
ObjectType : Type of object the user/role is assigned permissions on. Examples could include USER_TABLE, SQL_SCALAR_FUNCTION, SQL_INLINE_TABLE_VALUED_FUNCTION, SQL_STORED_PROCEDURE, VIEW, etc. This value may not be populated for all roles. Some built in roles have implicit permission definitions.
ObjectName : Name of the object that the user/role is assigned permissions on. This value may not be populated for all roles. Some built in roles have implicit permission definitions.
ColumnName : Name of the column of the object that the user/role is assigned permissions on. This value is only populated if the object is a table, view or a table value function.
*/
DECLARE @userName NVARCHAR(4) = @p_UserName + '%'
--List all access provisioned to a sql user or windows user/group directly
SELECT
[UserName] = CASE princ.[type]
WHEN 'S' THEN princ.[name]
WHEN 'U' THEN ulogin.[name] COLLATE Latin1_General_CI_AI
END,
[UserType] = CASE princ.[type]
WHEN 'S' THEN 'SQL User'
WHEN 'U' THEN 'Windows User'
END,
[DatabaseUserName] = princ.[name],
[Role] = null,
[PermissionType] = perm.[permission_name],
[PermissionState] = perm.[state_desc],
[ObjectType] = obj.type_desc,--perm.[class_desc],
[ObjectName] = OBJECT_NAME(perm.major_id),
[ColumnName] = col.[name]
FROM
--database user
sys.database_principals princ
LEFT JOIN
--Login accounts
sys.login_token ulogin on princ.[sid] = ulogin.[sid]
LEFT JOIN
--Permissions
sys.database_permissions perm ON perm.[grantee_principal_id] = princ.[principal_id]
LEFT JOIN
--Table columns
sys.columns col ON col.[object_id] = perm.major_id
AND col.[column_id] = perm.[minor_id]
LEFT JOIN
sys.objects obj ON perm.[major_id] = obj.[object_id]
WHERE
princ.[type] in ('S','U')
AND princ.[name] LIKE @userName -- Added this line --CSLAGLE
UNION
--List all access provisioned to a sql user or windows user/group through a database or application role
SELECT
[UserName] = CASE memberprinc.[type]
WHEN 'S' THEN memberprinc.[name]
WHEN 'U' THEN ulogin.[name] COLLATE Latin1_General_CI_AI
END,
[UserType] = CASE memberprinc.[type]
WHEN 'S' THEN 'SQL User'
WHEN 'U' THEN 'Windows User'
END,
[DatabaseUserName] = memberprinc.[name],
[Role] = roleprinc.[name],
[PermissionType] = perm.[permission_name],
[PermissionState] = perm.[state_desc],
[ObjectType] = obj.type_desc,--perm.[class_desc],
[ObjectName] = OBJECT_NAME(perm.major_id),
[ColumnName] = col.[name]
FROM
--Role/member associations
sys.database_role_members members
JOIN
--Roles
sys.database_principals roleprinc ON roleprinc.[principal_id] = members.[role_principal_id]
JOIN
--Role members (database users)
sys.database_principals memberprinc ON memberprinc.[principal_id] = members.[member_principal_id]
LEFT JOIN
--Login accounts
sys.login_token ulogin on memberprinc.[sid] = ulogin.[sid]
LEFT JOIN
--Permissions
sys.database_permissions perm ON perm.[grantee_principal_id] = roleprinc.[principal_id]
LEFT JOIN
--Table columns
sys.columns col on col.[object_id] = perm.major_id
AND col.[column_id] = perm.[minor_id]
LEFT JOIN
sys.objects obj ON perm.[major_id] = obj.[object_id]
WHERE memberprinc.[name] LIKE @userName -- Added this line --CSLAGLE
UNION
--List all access provisioned to the public role, which everyone gets by default
SELECT
[UserName] = '{All Users}',
[UserType] = '{All Users}',
[DatabaseUserName] = '{All Users}',
[Role] = roleprinc.[name],
[PermissionType] = perm.[permission_name],
[PermissionState] = perm.[state_desc],
[ObjectType] = obj.type_desc,--perm.[class_desc],
[ObjectName] = OBJECT_NAME(perm.major_id),
[ColumnName] = col.[name]
FROM
--Roles
sys.database_principals roleprinc
LEFT JOIN
--Role permissions
sys.database_permissions perm ON perm.[grantee_principal_id] = roleprinc.[principal_id]
LEFT JOIN
--Table columns
sys.columns col on col.[object_id] = perm.major_id
AND col.[column_id] = perm.[minor_id]
JOIN
--All objects
sys.objects obj ON obj.[object_id] = perm.[major_id]
WHERE
--Only roles
roleprinc.[type] = 'R' AND
--Only public role
roleprinc.[name] = 'public' AND
--Only objects of ours, not the MS objects
obj.is_ms_shipped = 0
ORDER BY
princ.[Name],
OBJECT_NAME(perm.major_id),
col.[name],
perm.[permission_name],
perm.[state_desc],
obj.type_desc--perm.[class_desc]
其他回答
很棒的脚本Jeremy和贡献者!谢谢!
我有很多用户，所以为所有用户运行这个程序简直是一场噩梦。我不能添加评论，所以我发布了整个脚本的变化。我添加了一个变量+ where子句，这样我就可以搜索用户名中匹配最多5个字符的任何内容(或当留空时所有用户)。没什么特别的，但我认为在某些用例中会有帮助。
DECLARE @p_userName NVARCHAR(5) = 'UName' -- Specify up to five characters here (or none for all users)
/*
Security Audit Report
1) List all access provisioned to a sql user or windows user/group directly
2) List all access provisioned to a sql user or windows user/group through a database or application role
3) List all access provisioned to the public role
Columns Returned:
UserName : SQL or Windows/Active Directory user cccount. This could also be an Active Directory group.
UserType : Value will be either 'SQL User' or 'Windows User'. This reflects the type of user defined for the SQL Server user account.
DatabaseUserName: Name of the associated user as defined in the database user account. The database user may not be the same as the server user.
Role : The role name. This will be null if the associated permissions to the object are defined at directly on the user account, otherwise this will be the name of the role that the user is a member of.
PermissionType : Type of permissions the user/role has on an object. Examples could include CONNECT, EXECUTE, SELECT, DELETE, INSERT, ALTER, CONTROL, TAKE OWNERSHIP, VIEW DEFINITION, etc. This value may not be populated for all roles. Some built in roles have implicit permission definitions.
PermissionState : Reflects the state of the permission type, examples could include GRANT, DENY, etc. This value may not be populated for all roles. Some built in roles have implicit permission definitions.
ObjectType : Type of object the user/role is assigned permissions on. Examples could include USER_TABLE, SQL_SCALAR_FUNCTION, SQL_INLINE_TABLE_VALUED_FUNCTION, SQL_STORED_PROCEDURE, VIEW, etc. This value may not be populated for all roles. Some built in roles have implicit permission definitions.
ObjectName : Name of the object that the user/role is assigned permissions on. This value may not be populated for all roles. Some built in roles have implicit permission definitions.
ColumnName : Name of the column of the object that the user/role is assigned permissions on. This value is only populated if the object is a table, view or a table value function.
*/
DECLARE @userName NVARCHAR(4) = @p_UserName + '%'
--List all access provisioned to a sql user or windows user/group directly
SELECT
[UserName] = CASE princ.[type]
WHEN 'S' THEN princ.[name]
WHEN 'U' THEN ulogin.[name] COLLATE Latin1_General_CI_AI
END,
[UserType] = CASE princ.[type]
WHEN 'S' THEN 'SQL User'
WHEN 'U' THEN 'Windows User'
END,
[DatabaseUserName] = princ.[name],
[Role] = null,
[PermissionType] = perm.[permission_name],
[PermissionState] = perm.[state_desc],
[ObjectType] = obj.type_desc,--perm.[class_desc],
[ObjectName] = OBJECT_NAME(perm.major_id),
[ColumnName] = col.[name]
FROM
--database user
sys.database_principals princ
LEFT JOIN
--Login accounts
sys.login_token ulogin on princ.[sid] = ulogin.[sid]
LEFT JOIN
--Permissions
sys.database_permissions perm ON perm.[grantee_principal_id] = princ.[principal_id]
LEFT JOIN
--Table columns
sys.columns col ON col.[object_id] = perm.major_id
AND col.[column_id] = perm.[minor_id]
LEFT JOIN
sys.objects obj ON perm.[major_id] = obj.[object_id]
WHERE
princ.[type] in ('S','U')
AND princ.[name] LIKE @userName -- Added this line --CSLAGLE
UNION
--List all access provisioned to a sql user or windows user/group through a database or application role
SELECT
[UserName] = CASE memberprinc.[type]
WHEN 'S' THEN memberprinc.[name]
WHEN 'U' THEN ulogin.[name] COLLATE Latin1_General_CI_AI
END,
[UserType] = CASE memberprinc.[type]
WHEN 'S' THEN 'SQL User'
WHEN 'U' THEN 'Windows User'
END,
[DatabaseUserName] = memberprinc.[name],
[Role] = roleprinc.[name],
[PermissionType] = perm.[permission_name],
[PermissionState] = perm.[state_desc],
[ObjectType] = obj.type_desc,--perm.[class_desc],
[ObjectName] = OBJECT_NAME(perm.major_id),
[ColumnName] = col.[name]
FROM
--Role/member associations
sys.database_role_members members
JOIN
--Roles
sys.database_principals roleprinc ON roleprinc.[principal_id] = members.[role_principal_id]
JOIN
--Role members (database users)
sys.database_principals memberprinc ON memberprinc.[principal_id] = members.[member_principal_id]
LEFT JOIN
--Login accounts
sys.login_token ulogin on memberprinc.[sid] = ulogin.[sid]
LEFT JOIN
--Permissions
sys.database_permissions perm ON perm.[grantee_principal_id] = roleprinc.[principal_id]
LEFT JOIN
--Table columns
sys.columns col on col.[object_id] = perm.major_id
AND col.[column_id] = perm.[minor_id]
LEFT JOIN
sys.objects obj ON perm.[major_id] = obj.[object_id]
WHERE memberprinc.[name] LIKE @userName -- Added this line --CSLAGLE
UNION
--List all access provisioned to the public role, which everyone gets by default
SELECT
[UserName] = '{All Users}',
[UserType] = '{All Users}',
[DatabaseUserName] = '{All Users}',
[Role] = roleprinc.[name],
[PermissionType] = perm.[permission_name],
[PermissionState] = perm.[state_desc],
[ObjectType] = obj.type_desc,--perm.[class_desc],
[ObjectName] = OBJECT_NAME(perm.major_id),
[ColumnName] = col.[name]
FROM
--Roles
sys.database_principals roleprinc
LEFT JOIN
--Role permissions
sys.database_permissions perm ON perm.[grantee_principal_id] = roleprinc.[principal_id]
LEFT JOIN
--Table columns
sys.columns col on col.[object_id] = perm.major_id
AND col.[column_id] = perm.[minor_id]
JOIN
--All objects
sys.objects obj ON obj.[object_id] = perm.[major_id]
WHERE
--Only roles
roleprinc.[type] = 'R' AND
--Only public role
roleprinc.[name] = 'public' AND
--Only objects of ours, not the MS objects
obj.is_ms_shipped = 0
ORDER BY
princ.[Name],
OBJECT_NAME(perm.major_id),
col.[name],
perm.[permission_name],
perm.[state_desc],
obj.type_desc--perm.[class_desc]
我看到的其他答案遗漏了数据库中可能存在的一些权限。下面代码中的第一个查询将获得非系统对象的数据库级权限。它还生成适当的GRANT语句。第二个查询获取所有角色成员。
这必须为每个数据库运行，但是太长了，不能用于sp_MSforeachdb。如果要这样做，就必须将它作为系统存储过程添加到主数据库中。
为了涵盖所有可能性，还必须有一个检查服务器级权限的脚本。
SELECT DB_NAME() AS database_name
, class
, class_desc
, major_id
, minor_id
, grantee_principal_id
, grantor_principal_id
, databasepermissions.type
, permission_name
, STATE
, state_desc
, granteedatabaseprincipal.name AS grantee_name
, granteedatabaseprincipal.type_desc AS grantee_type_desc
, granteeserverprincipal.name AS grantee_principal_name
, granteeserverprincipal.type_desc AS grantee_principal_type_desc
, grantor.name AS grantor_name
, granted_on_name
, permissionstatement + N' TO ' + QUOTENAME(granteedatabaseprincipal.name) + CASE
WHEN STATE = N'W'
THEN N' WITH GRANT OPTION'
ELSE N''
END AS permissionstatement
FROM (
SELECT sys.database_permissions.class
, sys.database_permissions.class_desc
, sys.database_permissions.major_id
, sys.database_permissions.minor_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantee_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantor_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.type
, sys.database_permissions.permission_name
, sys.database_permissions.state
, sys.database_permissions.state_desc
, QUOTENAME(CONVERT(NVARCHAR(MAX), DB_NAME())) AS granted_on_name
, CASE
WHEN sys.database_permissions.state = N'W'
THEN N'GRANT'
ELSE sys.database_permissions.state_desc
END + N' ' + sys.database_permissions.permission_name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS AS permissionstatement
FROM sys.database_permissions
WHERE (sys.database_permissions.class = 0)
UNION ALL
SELECT sys.database_permissions.class
, sys.database_permissions.class_desc
, sys.database_permissions.major_id
, sys.database_permissions.minor_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantee_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantor_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.type
, sys.database_permissions.permission_name
, sys.database_permissions.state
, sys.database_permissions.state_desc
, QUOTENAME(sys.schemas.name) + N'.' + QUOTENAME(sys.objects.name) AS granted_on_name
, CASE
WHEN sys.database_permissions.state = N'W'
THEN N'GRANT'
ELSE sys.database_permissions.state_desc
END + N' ' + sys.database_permissions.permission_name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS + N' ON ' + QUOTENAME(sys.schemas.name) + N'.' + QUOTENAME(sys.objects.name) + COALESCE(N' (' + QUOTENAME(sys.columns.name) + N')', N'') AS permissionstatement
FROM sys.database_permissions
INNER JOIN sys.objects
ON sys.objects.object_id = sys.database_permissions.major_id
INNER JOIN sys.schemas
ON sys.schemas.schema_id = sys.objects.schema_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.columns
ON sys.columns.object_id = sys.database_permissions.major_id
AND sys.columns.column_id = sys.database_permissions.minor_id
WHERE (sys.database_permissions.major_id >= 0)
AND (sys.database_permissions.class = 1)
UNION ALL
SELECT sys.database_permissions.class
, sys.database_permissions.class_desc
, sys.database_permissions.major_id
, sys.database_permissions.minor_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantee_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantor_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.type
, sys.database_permissions.permission_name
, sys.database_permissions.state
, sys.database_permissions.state_desc
, QUOTENAME(sys.schemas.name) AS granted_on_name
, CASE
WHEN sys.database_permissions.state = N'W'
THEN N'GRANT'
ELSE sys.database_permissions.state_desc
END + N' ' + sys.database_permissions.permission_name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS + N' ON SCHEMA::' + QUOTENAME(sys.schemas.name) AS permissionstatement
FROM sys.database_permissions
INNER JOIN sys.schemas
ON sys.schemas.schema_id = sys.database_permissions.major_id
WHERE (sys.database_permissions.major_id >= 0)
AND (sys.database_permissions.class = 3)
UNION ALL
SELECT sys.database_permissions.class
, sys.database_permissions.class_desc
, sys.database_permissions.major_id
, sys.database_permissions.minor_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantee_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantor_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.type
, sys.database_permissions.permission_name
, sys.database_permissions.state
, sys.database_permissions.state_desc
, QUOTENAME(targetPrincipal.name) AS granted_on_name
, CASE
WHEN sys.database_permissions.state = N'W'
THEN N'GRANT'
ELSE sys.database_permissions.state_desc
END + N' ' + sys.database_permissions.permission_name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS + N' ON ' + targetPrincipal.type_desc + N'::' + QUOTENAME(targetPrincipal.name) AS permissionstatement
FROM sys.database_permissions
INNER JOIN sys.database_principals AS targetPrincipal
ON targetPrincipal.principal_id = sys.database_permissions.major_id
WHERE (sys.database_permissions.major_id >= 0)
AND (sys.database_permissions.class = 4)
UNION ALL
SELECT sys.database_permissions.class
, sys.database_permissions.class_desc
, sys.database_permissions.major_id
, sys.database_permissions.minor_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantee_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantor_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.type
, sys.database_permissions.permission_name
, sys.database_permissions.state
, sys.database_permissions.state_desc
, QUOTENAME(sys.assemblies.name) AS granted_on_name
, CASE
WHEN sys.database_permissions.state = N'W'
THEN N'GRANT'
ELSE sys.database_permissions.state_desc
END + N' ' + sys.database_permissions.permission_name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS + N' ON ASSEMBLY::' + QUOTENAME(sys.assemblies.name) AS permissionstatement
FROM sys.database_permissions
INNER JOIN sys.assemblies
ON sys.assemblies.assembly_id = sys.database_permissions.major_id
WHERE (sys.database_permissions.major_id >= 0)
AND (sys.database_permissions.class = 5)
UNION ALL
SELECT sys.database_permissions.class
, sys.database_permissions.class_desc
, sys.database_permissions.major_id
, sys.database_permissions.minor_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantee_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantor_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.type
, sys.database_permissions.permission_name
, sys.database_permissions.state
, sys.database_permissions.state_desc
, QUOTENAME(sys.types.name) AS granted_on_name
, CASE
WHEN sys.database_permissions.state = N'W'
THEN N'GRANT'
ELSE sys.database_permissions.state_desc
END + N' ' + sys.database_permissions.permission_name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS + N' ON TYPE::' + QUOTENAME(sys.types.name) AS permissionstatement
FROM sys.database_permissions
INNER JOIN sys.types
ON sys.types.user_type_id = sys.database_permissions.major_id
WHERE (sys.database_permissions.major_id >= 0)
AND (sys.database_permissions.class = 6)
UNION ALL
SELECT sys.database_permissions.class
, sys.database_permissions.class_desc
, sys.database_permissions.major_id
, sys.database_permissions.minor_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantee_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantor_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.type
, sys.database_permissions.permission_name
, sys.database_permissions.state
, sys.database_permissions.state_desc
, QUOTENAME(sys.types.name) AS granted_on_name
, CASE
WHEN sys.database_permissions.state = N'W'
THEN N'GRANT'
ELSE sys.database_permissions.state_desc
END + N' ' + sys.database_permissions.permission_name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS + N' ON TYPE::' + QUOTENAME(sys.types.name) AS permissionstatement
FROM sys.database_permissions
INNER JOIN sys.types
ON sys.types.user_type_id = sys.database_permissions.major_id
WHERE (sys.database_permissions.major_id >= 0)
AND (sys.database_permissions.class = 6)
UNION ALL
SELECT sys.database_permissions.class
, sys.database_permissions.class_desc
, sys.database_permissions.major_id
, sys.database_permissions.minor_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantee_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantor_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.type
, sys.database_permissions.permission_name
, sys.database_permissions.state
, sys.database_permissions.state_desc
, QUOTENAME(sys.xml_schema_collections.name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS) AS granted_on_name
, CASE
WHEN sys.database_permissions.state = N'W'
THEN N'GRANT'
ELSE sys.database_permissions.state_desc
END + N' ' + sys.database_permissions.permission_name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS + N' ON XML SCHEMA COLLECTION::' + QUOTENAME(sys.xml_schema_collections.name) AS permissionstatement
FROM sys.database_permissions
INNER JOIN sys.xml_schema_collections
ON sys.xml_schema_collections.xml_collection_id = sys.database_permissions.major_id
WHERE (sys.database_permissions.major_id >= 0)
AND (sys.database_permissions.class = 10)
UNION ALL
SELECT sys.database_permissions.class
, sys.database_permissions.class_desc
, sys.database_permissions.major_id
, sys.database_permissions.minor_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantee_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantor_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.type
, sys.database_permissions.permission_name
, sys.database_permissions.state
, sys.database_permissions.state_desc
, QUOTENAME(sys.service_message_types.name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS) AS granted_on_name
, CASE
WHEN sys.database_permissions.state = N'W'
THEN N'GRANT'
ELSE sys.database_permissions.state_desc
END + N' ' + sys.database_permissions.permission_name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS + N' ON MESSAGE TYPE::' + QUOTENAME(sys.service_message_types.name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS) AS permissionstatement
FROM sys.database_permissions
INNER JOIN sys.service_message_types
ON sys.service_message_types.message_type_id = sys.database_permissions.major_id
WHERE (sys.database_permissions.major_id >= 0)
AND (sys.database_permissions.class = 15)
UNION ALL
SELECT sys.database_permissions.class
, sys.database_permissions.class_desc
, sys.database_permissions.major_id
, sys.database_permissions.minor_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantee_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantor_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.type
, sys.database_permissions.permission_name
, sys.database_permissions.state
, sys.database_permissions.state_desc
, QUOTENAME(sys.service_contracts.name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS) AS granted_on_name
, CASE
WHEN sys.database_permissions.state = N'W'
THEN N'GRANT'
ELSE sys.database_permissions.state_desc
END + N' ' + sys.database_permissions.permission_name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS + N' ON CONTRACT::' + QUOTENAME(sys.service_contracts.name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS) AS permissionstatement
FROM sys.database_permissions
INNER JOIN sys.service_contracts
ON sys.service_contracts.service_contract_id = sys.database_permissions.major_id
WHERE (sys.database_permissions.major_id >= 0)
AND (sys.database_permissions.class = 16)
UNION ALL
SELECT sys.database_permissions.class
, sys.database_permissions.class_desc
, sys.database_permissions.major_id
, sys.database_permissions.minor_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantee_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantor_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.type
, sys.database_permissions.permission_name
, sys.database_permissions.state
, sys.database_permissions.state_desc
, QUOTENAME(sys.services.name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS) AS granted_on_name
, CASE
WHEN sys.database_permissions.state = N'W'
THEN N'GRANT'
ELSE sys.database_permissions.state_desc
END + N' ' + sys.database_permissions.permission_name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS + N' ON SERVICE::' + QUOTENAME(sys.services.name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS) AS permissionstatement
FROM sys.database_permissions
INNER JOIN sys.services
ON sys.services.service_id = sys.database_permissions.major_id
WHERE (sys.database_permissions.major_id >= 0)
AND (sys.database_permissions.class = 17)
UNION ALL
SELECT sys.database_permissions.class
, sys.database_permissions.class_desc
, sys.database_permissions.major_id
, sys.database_permissions.minor_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantee_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantor_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.type
, sys.database_permissions.permission_name
, sys.database_permissions.state
, sys.database_permissions.state_desc
, QUOTENAME(sys.remote_service_bindings.name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS) AS granted_on_name
, CASE
WHEN sys.database_permissions.state = N'W'
THEN N'GRANT'
ELSE sys.database_permissions.state_desc
END + N' ' + sys.database_permissions.permission_name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS + N' ON REMOTE SERVICE BINDING::' + QUOTENAME(sys.remote_service_bindings.name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS) AS permissionstatement
FROM sys.database_permissions
INNER JOIN sys.remote_service_bindings
ON sys.remote_service_bindings.remote_service_binding_id = sys.database_permissions.major_id
WHERE (sys.database_permissions.major_id >= 0)
AND (sys.database_permissions.class = 18)
UNION ALL
SELECT sys.database_permissions.class
, sys.database_permissions.class_desc
, sys.database_permissions.major_id
, sys.database_permissions.minor_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantee_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantor_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.type
, sys.database_permissions.permission_name
, sys.database_permissions.state
, sys.database_permissions.state_desc
, QUOTENAME(sys.routes.name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS) AS granted_on_name
, CASE
WHEN sys.database_permissions.state = N'W'
THEN N'GRANT'
ELSE sys.database_permissions.state_desc
END + N' ' + sys.database_permissions.permission_name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS + N' ON ROUTE::' + QUOTENAME(sys.routes.name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS) AS permissionstatement
FROM sys.database_permissions
INNER JOIN sys.routes
ON sys.routes.route_id = sys.database_permissions.major_id
WHERE (sys.database_permissions.major_id >= 0)
AND (sys.database_permissions.class = 19)
UNION ALL
SELECT sys.database_permissions.class
, sys.database_permissions.class_desc
, sys.database_permissions.major_id
, sys.database_permissions.minor_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantee_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantor_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.type
, sys.database_permissions.permission_name
, sys.database_permissions.state
, sys.database_permissions.state_desc
, QUOTENAME(sys.symmetric_keys.name) AS granted_on_name
, CASE
WHEN sys.database_permissions.state = N'W'
THEN N'GRANT'
ELSE sys.database_permissions.state_desc
END + N' ' + sys.database_permissions.permission_name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS + N' ON ASYMMETRIC KEY::' + QUOTENAME(sys.symmetric_keys.name) AS permissionstatement
FROM sys.database_permissions
INNER JOIN sys.symmetric_keys
ON sys.symmetric_keys.symmetric_key_id = sys.database_permissions.major_id
WHERE (sys.database_permissions.major_id >= 0)
AND (sys.database_permissions.class = 24)
UNION ALL
SELECT sys.database_permissions.class
, sys.database_permissions.class_desc
, sys.database_permissions.major_id
, sys.database_permissions.minor_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantee_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantor_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.type
, sys.database_permissions.permission_name
, sys.database_permissions.state
, sys.database_permissions.state_desc
, QUOTENAME(sys.certificates.name) AS granted_on_name
, CASE
WHEN sys.database_permissions.state = N'W'
THEN N'GRANT'
ELSE sys.database_permissions.state_desc
END + N' ' + sys.database_permissions.permission_name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS + N' ON CERTIFICATE::' + QUOTENAME(sys.certificates.name) AS permissionstatement
FROM sys.database_permissions
INNER JOIN sys.certificates
ON sys.certificates.certificate_id = sys.database_permissions.major_id
WHERE (sys.database_permissions.major_id >= 0)
AND (sys.database_permissions.class = 25)
UNION ALL
SELECT sys.database_permissions.class
, sys.database_permissions.class_desc
, sys.database_permissions.major_id
, sys.database_permissions.minor_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantee_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.grantor_principal_id
, sys.database_permissions.type
, sys.database_permissions.permission_name
, sys.database_permissions.state
, sys.database_permissions.state_desc
, QUOTENAME(sys.asymmetric_keys.name) AS granted_on_name
, CASE
WHEN sys.database_permissions.state = N'W'
THEN N'GRANT'
ELSE sys.database_permissions.state_desc
END + N' ' + sys.database_permissions.permission_name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS + N' ON ASYMMETRIC KEY::' + QUOTENAME(sys.asymmetric_keys.name) AS permissionstatement
FROM sys.database_permissions
INNER JOIN sys.asymmetric_keys
ON sys.asymmetric_keys.asymmetric_key_id = sys.database_permissions.major_id
WHERE (sys.database_permissions.major_id >= 0)
AND (sys.database_permissions.class = 26)
) AS databasepermissions
INNER JOIN sys.database_principals AS granteedatabaseprincipal
ON granteedatabaseprincipal.principal_id = grantee_principal_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.server_principals AS granteeserverprincipal
ON granteeserverprincipal.sid = granteedatabaseprincipal.sid
INNER JOIN sys.database_principals AS grantor
ON grantor.principal_id = grantor_principal_id
ORDER BY grantee_name, granted_on_name
SELECT roles.name AS role_name
, roles.principal_id
, roles.type AS role_type
, roles.type_desc AS role_type_desc
, roles.is_fixed_role AS role_is_fixed_role
, memberdatabaseprincipal.name AS member_name
, memberdatabaseprincipal.principal_id AS member_principal_id
, memberdatabaseprincipal.type AS member_type
, memberdatabaseprincipal.type_desc AS member_type_desc
, memberdatabaseprincipal.is_fixed_role AS member_is_fixed_role
, memberserverprincipal.name AS member_principal_name
, memberserverprincipal.type_desc member_principal_type_desc
, N'ALTER ROLE ' + QUOTENAME(roles.name) + N' ADD MEMBER ' + QUOTENAME(memberdatabaseprincipal.name) AS AddRoleMembersStatement
FROM sys.database_principals AS roles
INNER JOIN sys.database_role_members
ON sys.database_role_members.role_principal_id = roles.principal_id
INNER JOIN sys.database_principals AS memberdatabaseprincipal
ON memberdatabaseprincipal.principal_id = sys.database_role_members.member_principal_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.server_principals AS memberserverprincipal
ON memberserverprincipal.sid = memberdatabaseprincipal.sid
ORDER BY role_name
, member_name
更新:以下查询将检索服务器级别的权限和成员。
SELECT sys.server_permissions.class
, sys.server_permissions.class_desc
, sys.server_permissions.major_id
, sys.server_permissions.minor_id
, sys.server_permissions.grantee_principal_id
, sys.server_permissions.grantor_principal_id
, sys.server_permissions.type
, sys.server_permissions.permission_name
, sys.server_permissions.state
, sys.server_permissions.state_desc
, granteeserverprincipal.name AS grantee_principal_name
, granteeserverprincipal.type_desc AS grantee_principal_type_desc
, grantorserverprinicipal.name AS grantor_name
, CASE
WHEN sys.server_permissions.state = N'W'
THEN N'GRANT'
ELSE sys.server_permissions.state_desc
END + N' ' + sys.server_permissions.permission_name COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS + N' TO ' + QUOTENAME(granteeserverprincipal.name) AS permissionstatement
FROM sys.server_principals AS granteeserverprincipal
INNER JOIN sys.server_permissions
ON sys.server_permissions.grantee_principal_id = granteeserverprincipal.principal_id
INNER JOIN sys.server_principals AS grantorserverprinicipal
ON grantorserverprinicipal.principal_id = sys.server_permissions.grantor_principal_id
ORDER BY granteeserverprincipal.name
, sys.server_permissions.permission_name
SELECT roles.name AS server_role_name
, roles.principal_id
, roles.type AS role_type
, roles.type_desc AS role_type_desc
, roles.is_fixed_role AS role_is_fixed_role
, memberserverprincipal.name AS member_principal_name
, memberserverprincipal.principal_id AS member_principal_id
, memberserverprincipal.type AS member_principal_type
, memberserverprincipal.type_desc AS member_principal_type_desc
, memberserverprincipal.is_fixed_role AS member_is_fixed_role
, N'ALTER SERVER ROLE ' + QUOTENAME(roles.name) + N' ADD MEMBER ' + QUOTENAME(memberserverprincipal.name) AS AddRoleMembersStatement
FROM sys.server_principals AS roles
INNER JOIN sys.server_role_members
ON sys.server_role_members.role_principal_id = roles.principal_id
INNER JOIN sys.server_principals AS memberserverprincipal
ON memberserverprincipal.principal_id = sys.server_role_members.member_principal_id
WHERE roles.type = N'R'
ORDER BY server_role_name
, member_principal_name
我只是在Jeremy的回答中添加了以下内容，因为我有一个分配给数据库db_datareader的角色，该角色没有显示该角色拥有的权限。我试着查看每个人帖子中的所有答案，但找不到任何可以做到这一点的答案，所以我添加了自己的问题。
SELECT
UserType='Role',
DatabaseUserName = '{Role Members}',
LoginName = DP2.name,
Role = DP1.name,
'SELECT' AS [PermissionType] ,
[PermissionState] = 'GRANT',
[ObjectType] = 'Table',
[Schema] = 'dbo',
[ObjectName] = 'All Tables',
[ColumnName] = NULL
FROM sys.database_role_members AS DRM
RIGHT OUTER JOIN sys.database_principals AS DP1
ON DRM.role_principal_id = DP1.principal_id
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.database_principals AS DP2
ON DRM.member_principal_id = DP2.principal_id
WHERE DP1.type = 'R'
AND DP2.name IS NOT NULL
我尝试了几乎所有这些功能，但很快就注意到缺少一些功能，尤其是系统管理员用户。在我们即将进行的审计中，有这样一个洞会很不好看，所以我想出了这个
USE master
GO
SELECT DISTINCT
p.name AS [loginname] ,
--p.type,
p.type_desc ,
p.is_disabled,
s.sysadmin,
sp.permission_name
FROM sys.server_principals p
INNER JOIN sys.syslogins s ON p.sid = s.sid
INNER JOIN sys.server_permissions sp ON p.principal_id = sp.grantee_principal_id
WHERE p.type_desc IN ('SQL_LOGIN', 'WINDOWS_LOGIN', 'WINDOWS_GROUP')
-- Logins that are not process logins
AND p.name NOT LIKE '##%'
ORDER BY p.name
GO
从SQL Server 2005开始，您可以使用系统视图来实现这一点。例如，这个查询列出了数据库中的所有用户及其权限:
select princ.name
, princ.type_desc
, perm.permission_name
, perm.state_desc
, perm.class_desc
, object_name(perm.major_id)
from sys.database_principals princ
left join
sys.database_permissions perm
on perm.grantee_principal_id = princ.principal_id
请注意，用户也可以通过角色拥有权限。例如，db_data_reader角色授予对大多数对象的选择权限。
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