在我的MacOS Mojave终端上，我想用pip安装一个python包。最后它说:
You are using pip version 10.0.1, however version 18.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.
所以我想用给定的命令更新pip，但我得到了一个错误:
Could not install packages due to an EnvironmentError: [Errno 13] Permission denied:
'/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-18.0-py2.7.egg/EGG-INFO/PKG-INFO'
Consider using the `--user` option or check the permissions.
我真不知道现在该怎么办。我也意识到它在错误消息中说Python 2.7，但我已经并且只想使用Python 3。
当前回答
我也有同样的问题，我尝试了很多不同的命令行，这个对我有用:
Try:
conda install py-xgboost
这就是我得到的:
Collecting package metadata: done
Solving environment: done
## Package Plan ##
environment location: /home/simplonco/anaconda3
added / updated specs:
- py-xgboost
The following packages will be downloaded:
package | build
---------------------------|-----------------
_py-xgboost-mutex-2.0 | cpu_0 9 KB
ca-certificates-2019.1.23 | 0 126 KB
certifi-2018.11.29 | py37_0 146 KB
conda-4.6.2 | py37_0 1.7 MB
libxgboost-0.80 | he6710b0_0 3.7 MB
mkl-2019.1 | 144 204.6 MB
mkl_fft-1.0.10 | py37ha843d7b_0 169 KB
mkl_random-1.0.2 | py37hd81dba3_0 405 KB
numpy-1.15.4 | py37h7e9f1db_0 47 KB
numpy-base-1.15.4 | py37hde5b4d6_0 4.2 MB
py-xgboost-0.80 | py37he6710b0_0 1.7 MB
scikit-learn-0.20.2 | py37hd81dba3_0 5.7 MB
scipy-1.2.0 | py37h7c811a0_0 17.7 MB
------------------------------------------------------------
Total: 240.0 MB
The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:
_py-xgboost-mutex pkgs/main/linux-64::_py-xgboost-mutex-2.0-cpu_0
libxgboost pkgs/main/linux-64::libxgboost-0.80-he6710b0_0
py-xgboost pkgs/main/linux-64::py-xgboost-0.80-py37he6710b0_0
The following packages will be UPDATED:
ca-certificates anaconda::ca-certificates-2018.12.5-0 --> pkgs/main::ca-certificates-2019.1.23-0
mkl 2019.0-118 --> 2019.1-144
mkl_fft 1.0.4-py37h4414c95_1 --> 1.0.10-py37ha843d7b_0
mkl_random 1.0.1-py37h4414c95_1 --> 1.0.2-py37hd81dba3_0
numpy 1.15.1-py37h1d66e8a_0 --> 1.15.4-py37h7e9f1db_0
numpy-base 1.15.1-py37h81de0dd_0 --> 1.15.4-py37hde5b4d6_0
scikit-learn 0.19.2-py37h4989274_0 --> 0.20.2-py37hd81dba3_0
scipy 1.1.0-py37hfa4b5c9_1 --> 1.2.0-py37h7c811a0_0
The following packages will be SUPERSEDED by a higher-priority channel:
certifi anaconda --> pkgs/main
conda anaconda --> pkgs/main
openssl anaconda::openssl-1.1.1-h7b6447c_0 --> pkgs/main::openssl-1.1.1a-h7b6447c_0
Proceed ([y]/n)? y
Downloading and Extracting Packages
libxgboost-0.80 | 3.7 MB | ##################################### | 100%
mkl_random-1.0.2 | 405 KB | ##################################### | 100%
certifi-2018.11.29 | 146 KB | ##################################### | 100%
ca-certificates-2019 | 126 KB | ##################################### | 100%
conda-4.6.2 | 1.7 MB | ##################################### | 100%
mkl-2019.1 | 204.6 MB | ##################################### | 100%
mkl_fft-1.0.10 | 169 KB | ##################################### | 100%
numpy-1.15.4 | 47 KB | ##################################### | 100%
scipy-1.2.0 | 17.7 MB | ##################################### | 100%
scikit-learn-0.20.2 | 5.7 MB | ##################################### | 100%
py-xgboost-0.80 | 1.7 MB | ##################################### | 100%
_py-xgboost-mutex-2. | 9 KB | ##################################### | 100%
numpy-base-1.15.4 | 4.2 MB | ##################################### | 100%
Preparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: done
其他回答
我也有同样的问题，我尝试了很多不同的命令行，这个对我有用:
Try:
conda install py-xgboost
这就是我得到的:
Collecting package metadata: done
Solving environment: done
## Package Plan ##
environment location: /home/simplonco/anaconda3
added / updated specs:
- py-xgboost
The following packages will be downloaded:
package | build
---------------------------|-----------------
_py-xgboost-mutex-2.0 | cpu_0 9 KB
ca-certificates-2019.1.23 | 0 126 KB
certifi-2018.11.29 | py37_0 146 KB
conda-4.6.2 | py37_0 1.7 MB
libxgboost-0.80 | he6710b0_0 3.7 MB
mkl-2019.1 | 144 204.6 MB
mkl_fft-1.0.10 | py37ha843d7b_0 169 KB
mkl_random-1.0.2 | py37hd81dba3_0 405 KB
numpy-1.15.4 | py37h7e9f1db_0 47 KB
numpy-base-1.15.4 | py37hde5b4d6_0 4.2 MB
py-xgboost-0.80 | py37he6710b0_0 1.7 MB
scikit-learn-0.20.2 | py37hd81dba3_0 5.7 MB
scipy-1.2.0 | py37h7c811a0_0 17.7 MB
------------------------------------------------------------
Total: 240.0 MB
The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:
_py-xgboost-mutex pkgs/main/linux-64::_py-xgboost-mutex-2.0-cpu_0
libxgboost pkgs/main/linux-64::libxgboost-0.80-he6710b0_0
py-xgboost pkgs/main/linux-64::py-xgboost-0.80-py37he6710b0_0
The following packages will be UPDATED:
ca-certificates anaconda::ca-certificates-2018.12.5-0 --> pkgs/main::ca-certificates-2019.1.23-0
mkl 2019.0-118 --> 2019.1-144
mkl_fft 1.0.4-py37h4414c95_1 --> 1.0.10-py37ha843d7b_0
mkl_random 1.0.1-py37h4414c95_1 --> 1.0.2-py37hd81dba3_0
numpy 1.15.1-py37h1d66e8a_0 --> 1.15.4-py37h7e9f1db_0
numpy-base 1.15.1-py37h81de0dd_0 --> 1.15.4-py37hde5b4d6_0
scikit-learn 0.19.2-py37h4989274_0 --> 0.20.2-py37hd81dba3_0
scipy 1.1.0-py37hfa4b5c9_1 --> 1.2.0-py37h7c811a0_0
The following packages will be SUPERSEDED by a higher-priority channel:
certifi anaconda --> pkgs/main
conda anaconda --> pkgs/main
openssl anaconda::openssl-1.1.1-h7b6447c_0 --> pkgs/main::openssl-1.1.1a-h7b6447c_0
Proceed ([y]/n)? y
Downloading and Extracting Packages
libxgboost-0.80 | 3.7 MB | ##################################### | 100%
mkl_random-1.0.2 | 405 KB | ##################################### | 100%
certifi-2018.11.29 | 146 KB | ##################################### | 100%
ca-certificates-2019 | 126 KB | ##################################### | 100%
conda-4.6.2 | 1.7 MB | ##################################### | 100%
mkl-2019.1 | 204.6 MB | ##################################### | 100%
mkl_fft-1.0.10 | 169 KB | ##################################### | 100%
numpy-1.15.4 | 47 KB | ##################################### | 100%
scipy-1.2.0 | 17.7 MB | ##################################### | 100%
scikit-learn-0.20.2 | 5.7 MB | ##################################### | 100%
py-xgboost-0.80 | 1.7 MB | ##################################### | 100%
_py-xgboost-mutex-2. | 9 KB | ##################################### | 100%
numpy-base-1.15.4 | 4.2 MB | ##################################### | 100%
Preparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: done
适用于MacOs和Unix
只需将sudo添加到命令中就可以工作，因为它将作为超级用户运行它。
Sudo PIP install—升级PIP
建议你不要直接这么做——请看这篇文章
这招对我很管用:
python3 -m venv env
source ./env/bin/activate
python -m pip install package
(来自Github: https://github.com/googlesamples/assistant-sdk-python/issues/236)
我在linux上挂载的NTFS分区上的venv中遇到了类似的问题，具有所有正确的权限。 确保pip运行——ignore-installed解决了这个问题，即:
Python -m PIP install——upgrade——ignore-installed
当我试图安装opencv-python包时，也会发生这种情况:
我可以用命令行修复它
python3 -m pip install {name of package} --user
当我尝试安装上述包时，命令变成:
python3 -m pip install opencv-python --user
结果是:
