.shuffle()和.shuffled()是Swift的一部分


原历史问题:

我如何随机或洗牌在Swift数组中的元素?例如,如果我的数组包含52张扑克牌,我想要洗牌数组以洗牌牌组。


当前回答

swift 4.2有两个方便的功能:

// shuffles the array in place
myArray.shuffle()

and

// generates a new array with shuffled elements of the old array
let newArray = myArray.shuffled()

其他回答

工作阵列扩展(突变和非突变)

Swift 4.1 / Xcode 9

上面的答案已弃用,所以我自己创建了自己的扩展,在Swift的最新版本Swift 4.1 (Xcode 9)中洗牌数组:

extension Array {

// Non-mutating shuffle
    var shuffled : Array {
        let totalCount : Int = self.count
        var shuffledArray : Array = []
        var count : Int = totalCount
        var tempArray : Array = self
        for _ in 0..<totalCount {
            let randomIndex : Int = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(count)))
            let randomElement : Element = tempArray.remove(at: randomIndex)
            shuffledArray.append(randomElement)
            count -= 1
        }
        return shuffledArray
    }

// Mutating shuffle
    mutating func shuffle() {
        let totalCount : Int = self.count
        var shuffledArray : Array = []
        var count : Int = totalCount
        var tempArray : Array = self
        for _ in 0..<totalCount {
            let randomIndex : Int = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(count)))
            let randomElement : Element = tempArray.remove(at: randomIndex)
            shuffledArray.append(randomElement)
            count -= 1
        }
        self = shuffledArray
    }
}

调用非突变Shuffle [Array] -> [Array]:

let array = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20]

print(array.shuffled)

这将以随机顺序打印数组。


调用Shuffle [Array] = [Array]:

var array = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20]

array.shuffle() 
// The array has now been mutated and contains all of its initial 
// values, but in a randomized shuffled order

print(array) 

这将打印数组的当前顺序,该顺序已经被随机打乱。


希望这对每个人都有用,如果你有任何问题,建议或评论,请随时提问!

编辑:正如在其他回答中提到的,Swift 4.2最终在标准库中添加了随机数生成,并完成了数组变换。

然而,GameplayKit中的GKRandom / GKRandomDistribution套件仍然可以与新的RandomNumberGenerator协议一起使用-如果您添加扩展到GameplayKit rng以符合新的标准库协议,您可以轻松获得:

可发送的rng(在测试需要时可以复制“随机”序列) 为了速度而牺牲健壮性的rng 产生非均匀分布的rng

...并且仍然可以使用Swift中漂亮的新“本地”随机api。

这个答案的其余部分涉及到这些rng和/或它们在旧的Swift编译器中的使用。


这里已经有一些很好的答案,以及一些很好的说明为什么如果不小心,编写自己的shuffle可能容易出错。

在iOS 9、macOS 10.11和tvOS 9(或更高版本)中,你不必自己编写。GameplayKit中有一个有效且正确的Fisher-Yates执行方法(游戏邦注:尽管它的名字叫Fisher-Yates,但它并不只是用于游戏)。

如果你只是想要一个独特的洗牌:

let shuffled = GKRandomSource.sharedRandom().arrayByShufflingObjects(in: array)

如果您希望能够复制洗牌或一系列洗牌,请选择并播种一个特定的随机源;如。

let lcg = GKLinearCongruentialRandomSource(seed: mySeedValue)
let shuffled = lcg.arrayByShufflingObjects(in: array)

在iOS 10 / macOS 10.12 / tvOS 10中,也有一个方便的语法,可以通过NSArray的扩展进行变换。当然,当你使用Swift数组时,这有点麻烦(并且它在返回Swift时失去了它的元素类型):

let shuffled1 = (array as NSArray).shuffled(using: random) // -> [Any]
let shuffled2 = (array as NSArray).shuffled() // use default random source

但是为它创建一个保持类型的Swift包装器非常简单:

extension Array {
    func shuffled(using source: GKRandomSource) -> [Element] {
        return (self as NSArray).shuffled(using: source) as! [Element]
    }
    func shuffled() -> [Element] {
        return (self as NSArray).shuffled() as! [Element]
    }
}
let shuffled3 = array.shuffled(using: random)
let shuffled4 = array.shuffled()

简单的例子:

extension Array {
    mutating func shuffled() {
        for _ in self {
            // generate random indexes that will be swapped
            var (a, b) = (Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(self.count - 1))), Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(self.count - 1))))
            if a == b { // if the same indexes are generated swap the first and last
                a = 0
                b = self.count - 1
            }
            swap(&self[a], &self[b])
        }
    }
}

var array = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
array.shuffled()
print(array) // [9, 8, 3, 5, 7, 6, 4, 2, 1, 10]

SWIFT 4

func createShuffledSequenceOfNumbers(max:UInt)->[UInt] {

    var array:[UInt]! = []
    var myArray:[UInt]! = []
    for i in 1...max {
        myArray.append(i)
    }
    for i in 1...max {
        array.append(i)
    }
    var tempArray:[Int]! = []
    for index in 0...(myArray.count - 1) {

        var isNotFinded:Bool = true
        while(isNotFinded){

            let randomNumber = arc4random_uniform(UInt32(myArray.count))
            let randomIndex = Int(randomNumber)

            if(!tempArray.contains(randomIndex)){
                tempArray.append(randomIndex)

                array[randomIndex] = myArray[index]
                isNotFinded = false
            }
        }
    }

    return array
}

斯威夫特4 在for循环中洗牌数组的元素,其中i是混合比例

var cards = [Int]() //Some Array
let i = 4 // is the mixing ratio
func shuffleCards() {
    for _ in 0 ..< cards.count * i {
        let card = cards.remove(at: Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(cards.count))))
        cards.insert(card, at: Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(cards.count))))
    }
}

或者扩展为Int

func shuffleCards() {
    for _ in 0 ..< cards.count * i {
        let card = cards.remove(at: cards.count.arc4random)
        cards.insert(card, at: cards.count.arc4random)
    }
}
extension Int {
    var arc4random: Int {
        if self > 0 {
            print("Arc for random positiv self \(Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(self))))")
        return Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(self)))
        } else if self < 0 {
            print("Arc for random negotiv self \(-Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(abs(self)))))")
            return -Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(abs(self))))
        } else {
            print("Arc for random equal 0")
            return 0
        }
    }
}