I am trying to write a batch file for my users to run from their Vista machines with UAC. The file is re-writing their hosts file, so it needs to be run with Administrator permissions. I need to be able to send them an email with a link to the .bat file. The desired behavior is that when they right-click on the file and say Open, they will get one of those UAC dialogs that makes the screen go dark and forces them to answer whether they want to give the application permission to run as administrator. Instead, they are just seeing "Access denied" on the command line window.

有可能采取不同的做法吗?


当前回答

由于我在这个脚本弹出一个新的命令提示符并在无限循环中再次运行时遇到了麻烦(使用Win 7 Pro),我建议您尝试另一种方法:我如何自动提升我的批处理文件,以便它在需要时请求UAC管理员权限?

小心,你必须在脚本的末尾添加这个,就像在编辑中说的那样,这样你就可以在权限提升后回到脚本目录: CD /d %~dp0

其他回答

@echo off 
Net session >nul 2>&1 || (PowerShell start -verb runas '%~0' &exit /b)
Echo Administrative privileges have been got. & pause

上述操作适用于我的Windows 10 1903版

还有来自这篇文章的FSUTIL查询,也在ss64.com上有链接,有以下代码:

@Echo Off
Setlocal
:: First check if we are running As Admin/Elevated
FSUTIL dirty query %SystemDrive% >nul
if %errorlevel% EQU 0 goto START

::Create and run a temporary VBScript to elevate this batch file
   Set _batchFile=%~f0
   Set _Args=%*
   :: double up any quotes
   Set _batchFile=""%_batchFile:"=%""
   Set _Args=%_Args:"=""%

   Echo Set UAC = CreateObject^("Shell.Application"^) > "%temp%\~ElevateMe.vbs"
   Echo UAC.ShellExecute "cmd", "/c ""%_batchFile% %_Args%""", "", "runas", 1 >> "%temp%\~ElevateMe.vbs"

   cscript "%temp%\~ElevateMe.vbs" 
   Exit /B

:START
:: set the current directory to the batch file location
cd /d %~dp0
:: Place the code which requires Admin/elevation below
Echo We are now running as admin [%1] [%2]
pause

只要FSUTIL存在,它就是一个可靠的替代方案。

我知道这不是OP的解决方案,但是因为我确信这里还有许多其他用例,所以我想分享一下。

我对这些答案中的所有代码示例都有问题,但后来我发现: http://www.robotronic.de/runasspcEn.html

它不仅允许您以管理员身份运行,还可以检查文件以确保它没有被篡改,并安全地存储所需的信息。我承认它不是最明显的工具,但对于我们这些编写代码的人来说,它应该足够简单。

这是我的代码!它看起来很大,但主要是注释行(以::)开始的行)。

特点:

全参数转发 不更改工作文件夹 错误处理 接受带圆括号的路径(%TEMP%文件夹除外) 支持UNC路径 映射文件夹检查(警告你如果管理员不能访问映射驱动器) 可以用作外部库(查看我在这个主题的帖子:https://stackoverflow.com/a/30417025/4932683) 可以调用时/如果需要在您的代码中的任何地方

只需将其附加到批处理文件的末尾,或将其保存为库(如上所示)

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
:RequestAdminElevation FilePath %* || goto:eof
:: 
:: By:   Cyberponk,     v1.5 - 10/06/2016 - Changed the admin rights test method from cacls to fltmc
::          v1.4 - 17/05/2016 - Added instructions for arguments with ! char
::          v1.3 - 01/08/2015 - Fixed not returning to original folder after elevation successful
::          v1.2 - 30/07/2015 - Added error message when running from mapped drive
::          v1.1 - 01/06/2015
:: 
:: Func: opens an admin elevation prompt. If elevated, runs everything after the function call, with elevated rights.
:: Returns: -1 if elevation was requested
::           0 if elevation was successful
::           1 if an error occured
:: 
:: USAGE:
:: If function is copied to a batch file:
::     call :RequestAdminElevation "%~dpf0" %* || goto:eof
::
:: If called as an external library (from a separate batch file):
::     set "_DeleteOnExit=0" on Options
::     (call :RequestAdminElevation "%~dpf0" %* || goto:eof) && CD /D %CD%
::
:: If called from inside another CALL, you must set "_ThisFile=%~dpf0" at the beginning of the file
::     call :RequestAdminElevation "%_ThisFile%" %* || goto:eof
::
:: If you need to use the ! char in the arguments, the calling must be done like this, and afterwards you must use %args% to get the correct arguments:
::      set "args=%* "
::      call :RequestAdminElevation .....   use one of the above but replace the %* with %args:!={a)%
::      set "args=%args:{a)=!%" 
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
setlocal ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION & set "_FilePath=%~1"
  if NOT EXIST "!_FilePath!" (echo/Read RequestAdminElevation usage information)
  :: UAC.ShellExecute only works with 8.3 filename, so use %~s1
  set "_FN=_%~ns1" & echo/%TEMP%| findstr /C:"(" >nul && (echo/ERROR: %%TEMP%% path can not contain parenthesis &pause &endlocal &fc;: 2>nul & goto:eof)
  :: Remove parenthesis from the temp filename
  set _FN=%_FN:(=%
  set _vbspath="%temp:~%\%_FN:)=%.vbs" & set "_batpath=%temp:~%\%_FN:)=%.bat"

  :: Test if we have admin rights
  fltmc >nul 2>&1 || goto :_getElevation

  :: Elevation successful
  (if exist %_vbspath% ( del %_vbspath% )) & (if exist %_batpath% ( del %_batpath% )) 
  :: Set ERRORLEVEL 0, set original folder and exit
  endlocal & CD /D "%~dp1" & ver >nul & goto:eof

  :_getElevation
  echo/Requesting elevation...
  :: Try to create %_vbspath% file. If failed, exit with ERRORLEVEL 1
  echo/Set UAC = CreateObject^("Shell.Application"^) > %_vbspath% || (echo/&echo/Unable to create %_vbspath% & endlocal &md; 2>nul &goto:eof) 
  echo/UAC.ShellExecute "%_batpath%", "", "", "runas", 1 >> %_vbspath% & echo/wscript.Quit(1)>> %_vbspath%
  :: Try to create %_batpath% file. If failed, exit with ERRORLEVEL 1
  echo/@%* > "%_batpath%" || (echo/&echo/Unable to create %_batpath% & endlocal &md; 2>nul &goto:eof)
  echo/@if %%errorlevel%%==9009 (echo/^&echo/Admin user could not read the batch file. If running from a mapped drive or UNC path, check if Admin user can read it.)^&echo/^& @if %%errorlevel%% NEQ 0 pause >> "%_batpath%"

  :: Run %_vbspath%, that calls %_batpath%, that calls the original file
  %_vbspath% && (echo/&echo/Failed to run VBscript %_vbspath% &endlocal &md; 2>nul & goto:eof)
  
  :: Vbscript has been run, exit with ERRORLEVEL -1
  echo/&echo/Elevation was requested on a new CMD window &endlocal &fc;: 2>nul & goto:eof
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

如何使用它的例子

:EXAMPLE
@echo off

 :: Run this script with elevation
 call :RequestAdminElevation "%~dpfs0" %* || goto:eof
 
  echo/I now have Admin rights!
  echo/
  echo/Arguments using %%args%%:    %args%
  echo/Arguments using %%*: %*
  echo/%%1= %~1
  echo/%%2= %~2
  echo/%%3= %~3

  echo/
  echo/Current Directory: %CD%
  echo/
  echo/This file: %0
  echo/

pause &goto:eof

[here you paste the RequestAdminElevation function code]

我使用了多个例子来修补这个工作在一起的一行。

这将打开你的批处理脚本作为一个ADMIN +最大化窗口

只需将以下代码之一添加到批处理脚本的顶部。 两种方式都可以,只是编码方式不同。

我相信第一个例子响应最快,因为/d开关禁用了我已经启用的doskey命令。

一个例子

@ECHO OFF
IF NOT "%1"=="MAX" (powershell -WindowStyle Hidden -NoProfile -Command {Start-Process CMD -ArgumentList '/D,/C' -Verb RunAs} & START /MAX CMD /D /C %0 MAX & EXIT /B)
:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

:: Your original batch code here:

:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

两个例子

@ECHO OFF
IF NOT "%1"=="MAX" (powershell -WindowStyle Hidden -NoProfile -Command "Start-Process CMD -ArgumentList '/C' -Verb RunAs" & START /MAX CMD /C "%0" MAX & EXIT /B)
:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

:: Your original batch code here:

:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

在使用原始批处理代码时,请参阅下面的建议

完整地放置原始批处理代码

只是因为最上面的第一行代码有@ECHO OFF 但这并不意味着如果你的原始脚本不应该再包含它 也有。

这确保当脚本在一个新窗口中重新启动时,现在正在管理中运行 模式,您不会丢失预期的脚本参数/属性… 例如当前工作目录、本地变量等等

您可以从以下命令开始,以避免其中一些问题

:: Make sure to use @ECHO OFF if your original code had it
@ECHO OFF
:: Avoid clashing with other active windows variables with SETLOCAL
SETLOCAL
:: Nice color to work with using 0A
COLOR 0A
:: Give your script a name
TITLE NAME IT!

:: Ensure your working directory is set where you want it to be
:: the following code sets the working directory to the script directory folder
PUSHD "%~dp0"

THE REST OF YOUR SCRIPT HERE...

:: Signal the script is finished in the title bar
ECHO.
TITLE Done! NAME IT!
PAUSE
EXIT