有点跑题了，你可以用两种方法检查你是否在容器中:

Cat /proc/1/environ|tr "\0" "\n"|grep容器:如果你在容器中，你会看到容器变量。 Ps -ef | grep '\[':当你在容器中时，你将只看到grep进程，这意味着你看不到内核进程(例如[kthread])。注意:正常的macOS也不显示内核进程。

参考:这个Linux测试页面

也许这样做是有效果的:

if [ -z $(docker ps -q) ]; then
    echo "There is not process currently running"
else
    echo "There are processes running"
fi

这是你想要的吗?希望能有所帮助=)

golang代码得到pid container_id，你可以得到map container_id get docker image

func GetContainerID(pid int32) string {
    cgroupPath := fmt.Sprintf("/proc/%s/cgroup", strconv.Itoa(int(pid)))
    return getContainerID(cgroupPath)
}

func GetImage(containerId string) string {
    if containerId == "" {
        return ""
    }
    image, ok := containerImage[containerId]
    if ok {
        return image
    } else {
        return ""
    }
}
func getContainerID(cgroupPath string) string {
    containerID := ""
    content, err := ioutil.ReadFile(cgroupPath)
    if err != nil {
        return containerID
    }
    lines := strings.Split(string(content), "\n")
    for _, line := range lines {
        field := strings.Split(line, ":")
        if len(field) < 3 {
            continue
        }
        cgroup_path := field[2]
        if len(cgroup_path) < 64 {
            continue
        }
        // Non-systemd Docker
        //5:net_prio,net_cls:/docker/de630f22746b9c06c412858f26ca286c6cdfed086d3b302998aa403d9dcedc42
        //3:net_cls:/kubepods/burstable/pod5f399c1a-f9fc-11e8-bf65-246e9659ebfc/9170559b8aadd07d99978d9460cf8d1c71552f3c64fefc7e9906ab3fb7e18f69
        pos := strings.LastIndex(cgroup_path, "/")
        if pos > 0 {
            id_len := len(cgroup_path) - pos - 1
            if id_len == 64 {
                //p.InDocker = true
                // docker id
                containerID = cgroup_path[pos+1 : pos+1+64]
                // logs.Debug("pid:%v in docker id:%v", pid, id)
                return containerID
            }
        }
        // systemd Docker
        //5:net_cls:/system.slice/docker-afd862d2ed48ef5dc0ce8f1863e4475894e331098c9a512789233ca9ca06fc62.scope
        docker_str := "docker-"
        pos = strings.Index(cgroup_path, docker_str)
        if pos > 0 {
            pos_scope := strings.Index(cgroup_path, ".scope")
            id_len := pos_scope - pos - len(docker_str)
            if pos_scope > 0 && id_len == 64 {
                containerID = cgroup_path[pos+len(docker_str) : pos+len(docker_str)+64]
                return containerID
            }
        }
    }
    return containerID
}

在新的ubuntu 16.04系统上，新的systemd和lxc 2.0

sudo grep -qa container=lxc /proc/1/environ

在bash脚本中检查docker/lxc的一个简单方法是:

#!/bin/bash
if grep -sq 'docker\|lxc' /proc/1/cgroup; then
   echo "I am running on Docker."
fi

我已经将JJC的答案翻译成ruby

def in_docker
  File.open('/proc/1/cgroup', 'rt') do |f|
    contents = f.read
    return contents =~ /docker/i || contents =~ /kubepod/i
  end
rescue StandardError => e
  p 'Local development'
  p e
  false
end