一个稍微更经得起考验的选择

面对同样的问题，我们决定需要一个自定义版本的StringEnumConverter，以确保枚举值可以随着时间的推移而扩展，而不会在反序列化方面发生灾难性的破坏(参见下面的背景)。使用下面的SafeEnumConverter允许反序列化完成，即使有效负载包含没有命名定义的枚举的值，这更接近于int-to-enum转换的工作方式。

用法:

[SafeEnumConverter]
public enum Colors
{
    Red,
    Green,
    Blue,
    Unsupported = -1
}

or

[SafeEnumConverter((int) Colors.Blue)]
public enum Colors
{
    Red,
    Green,
    Blue
}

来源:

public class SafeEnumConverter : StringEnumConverter
{
    private readonly int _defaultValue;

    public SafeEnumConverter()
    {
        // if you've been careful to *always* create enums with `0` reserved
        // as an unknown/default value (which you should), you could use 0 here. 
        _defaultValue = -1;
    }

    public SafeEnumConverter(int defaultValue)
    {
        _defaultValue = defaultValue;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Reads the provided JSON and attempts to convert using StringEnumConverter. If that fails set the value to the default value.
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns>The deserialized value of the enum if it exists or the default value if it does not.</returns>
    public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        try
        {
            return base.ReadJson(reader, objectType, existingValue, serializer);
        }
        catch
        {
            return Enum.Parse(objectType, $"{_defaultValue}");
        }
    }

    public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
    {
        return base.CanConvert(objectType) && objectType.GetTypeInfo().IsEnum;
    }
}

背景

当我们考虑使用StringEnumConverter时，我们遇到的问题是，当添加了一个新的enum值时，我们还需要被动式，但并不是每个客户端都能立即意识到新值。在这些情况下，与Newtonsoft JSON打包的StringEnumConverter抛出类似于“将SomeString值转换为EnumType类型错误”的JsonSerializationException，然后整个反序列化过程失败。这对我们来说是一个问题，因为即使客户端计划忽略/丢弃它不理解的属性值，它仍然需要能够反序列化剩余的有效负载!

        Person p = new Person();
        p.Age = 35;
        p.Gender = Gender.Male;
        //1.  male="Male";
        string male = Gender.Male.ToString();

        p.Gender = Gender.Female;

        //2.  female="Female";
        string female = Enum.GetName(typeof(Gender), p.Gender);

        JObject jobj = new JObject();
        jobj["Age"] = p.Age;
        jobj["Gender"] = male;
        jobj["Gender2"] = female;

        //you result:  josn= {"Age": 35,"Gender": "Male","Gender2": "Female"}
        string json = jobj.ToString();

将以下内容添加到全局中。asax用于JSON序列化c# enum为字符串

  HttpConfiguration config = GlobalConfiguration.Configuration;
            config.Formatters.JsonFormatter.SerializerSettings.Formatting =
                Newtonsoft.Json.Formatting.Indented;

            config.Formatters.JsonFormatter.SerializerSettings.Converters.Add
                (new Newtonsoft.Json.Converters.StringEnumConverter());

@Iggy回答设置JSON序列化c# enum字符串仅为ASP。NET (Web API等等)。

但是为了使它也适用于特殊的序列化，在开始类中添加以下内容(如Global。asax Application_Start)

//convert Enums to Strings (instead of Integer) globally
JsonConvert.DefaultSettings = (() =>
{
    var settings = new JsonSerializerSettings();
    settings.Converters.Add(new StringEnumConverter { CamelCaseText = true });
    return settings;
});

更多关于Json的信息。网络页面

此外，要让枚举成员序列化/反序列化特定文本，请使用

System.Runtime.Serialization.EnumMember

属性，像这样:

public enum time_zone_enum
{
    [EnumMember(Value = "Europe/London")] 
    EuropeLondon,

    [EnumMember(Value = "US/Alaska")] 
    USAlaska
}

注意，当存在Description属性时，没有序列化的答案。

下面是支持Description属性的实现。

public class CustomStringEnumConverter : Newtonsoft.Json.Converters.StringEnumConverter
{
    public override void WriteJson(JsonWriter writer, object value, JsonSerializer serializer)
    {
        Type type = value.GetType() as Type;

        if (!type.IsEnum) throw new InvalidOperationException("Only type Enum is supported");
        foreach (var field in type.GetFields())
        {
            if (field.Name == value.ToString())
            {
                var attribute = Attribute.GetCustomAttribute(field, typeof(DescriptionAttribute)) as DescriptionAttribute;
                writer.WriteValue(attribute != null ? attribute.Description : field.Name);

                return;
            }
        }

        throw new ArgumentException("Enum not found");
    }
}

枚举:

public enum FooEnum
{
    // Will be serialized as "Not Applicable"
    [Description("Not Applicable")]
    NotApplicable,

    // Will be serialized as "Applicable"
    Applicable
}

用法:

[JsonConverter(typeof(CustomStringEnumConverter))]
public FooEnum test { get; set; }

对于。net Core:-

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    ...
    services.AddJsonFormatters(f => f.Converters.Add(new StringEnumConverter()));
    ...
}