我认为区别在于:

代码首先

非常流行，因为核心程序员不喜欢任何类型的设计器，并且在EDMX xml中定义映射太复杂了。 对代码的完全控制(没有难以修改的自动生成代码)。 一般情况下，您不需要为DB操心。DB只是一个没有逻辑的存储。EF将处理创建，你不想知道它是如何工作的。 对数据库的手动更改很可能会丢失，因为您的代码定义了数据库。

数据库的第一

Very popular if you have DB designed by DBAs, developed separately or if you have existing DB. You will let EF create entities for you and after modification of mapping you will generate POCO entities. If you want additional features in POCO entities you must either T4 modify template or use partial classes. Manual changes to the database are possible because the database defines your domain model. You can always update model from database (this feature works quite well). I often use this together VS Database projects (only Premium and Ultimate version).

第一个模型

IMHO popular if you are designer fan (= you don't like writing code or SQL). You will "draw" your model and let workflow generate your database script and T4 template generate your POCO entities. You will lose part of the control on both your entities and database but for small easy projects you will be very productive. If you want additional features in POCO entities you must either T4 modify template or use partial classes. Manual changes to database will be most probably lost because your model defines the database. This works better if you have Database generation power pack installed. It will allow you updating database schema (instead of recreating) or updating database projects in VS.

我希望在EF 4.1的案例中，还有其他几个与代码优先和模型/数据库优先相关的特性。首先在Code中使用的Fluent API并不能提供EDMX的所有功能。我希望像存储过程映射、查询视图、定义视图等功能在首先使用模型/数据库和DbContext(我还没有尝试过)时可以工作，但在代码中不能。

在SP1之前，使用大型机型的速度非常慢(SP1之后还没有尝试过，但据说现在很容易)。

我仍然先设计我的表，然后内部构建的工具为我生成poco，因此它承担了为每个poco对象执行重复任务的负担。

当你使用源代码控制系统时，你可以很容易地跟踪poco的历史，而使用设计器生成的代码就不那么容易了。

我的POCO有一个基础，这使得很多事情变得非常简单。

我有所有表的视图，每个基本视图为外键带来基本信息，我的视图POCO派生自我的POCO类，这是非常有用的。

最后，我不喜欢设计师。

数据库优先和模型优先没有真正的区别。 生成的代码是相同的，您可以结合这两种方法。例如，您可以使用设计器创建数据库，也可以使用sql脚本更改数据库并更新模型。

当你首先使用代码时，你不能在没有重新创建数据库和丢失所有数据的情况下改变模型。恕我直言，这个限制非常严格，不允许在生产中首先使用代码。目前它还不能真正使用。

代码的第二个次要缺点首先是模型构建器需要对主数据库的特权。如果您使用SQL Server Compact数据库或控制数据库服务器，这不会影响您。

代码的优点首先是非常干净和简单的代码。您可以完全控制这些代码，并可以轻松地修改和使用它作为您的视图模型。

我建议使用代码优先的方法，当你创建简单的独立应用程序，没有版本，并使用模型\数据库优先的项目，需要在生产中修改。

数据库优先方法示例:

无需编写任何代码: ASP。数据库优先/数据库优先

我认为它比其他方法更好，因为这种方法数据丢失更少。

代码优先似乎是后起之秀。我快速浏览了Ruby on Rails，他们的标准是代码优先，带有数据库迁移。

如果您正在构建一个MVC3应用程序，我认为Code首先具有以下优点:

Easy attribute decoration - You can decorate fields with validation, require, etc.. attributes, it's quite awkward with EF modelling No weird modelling errors - EF modelling often has weird errors, such as when you try to rename an association property, it needs to match the underlying meta-data - very inflexible. Not awkward to merge - When using code version control tools such as mercurial, merging .edmx files is a pain. You're a programmer used to C#, and there you are merging a .edmx. Not so with code-first. Contrast back to Code first and you have complete control without all the hidden complexities and unknowns to deal with. I recommend you use the Package Manager command line tool, don't even use the graphical tools to add a new controller to scaffold views. DB-Migrations - Then you can also Enable-Migrations. This is so powerful. You make changes to your model in code, and then the framework can keep track of schema changes, so you can seamlessly deploy upgrades, with schema versions automatically upgraded (and downgraded if required). (Not sure, but this probably does work with model-first too)

更新

这个问题还要求比较代码优先和EDMX模型/db优先。代码优先也可以用于以下两种方法:

模型优先:首先对poco编码(概念模型)，然后生成数据库(迁移);或 数据库优先:给定一个现有数据库，手动对poco进行编码以匹配。(不同之处在于poco不是在现有数据库的情况下自动生成的)。您可以使用生成POCO类，并使用实体框架或实体框架5 -如何从现有数据库生成POCO类来映射现有数据库。

我首先使用EF数据库，以便对数据库配置提供更多的灵活性和控制。

EF代码优先，模型优先，起初看起来很酷，并且提供了数据库独立性，但是在这样做时，它不允许您指定我认为非常基本和常见的数据库配置信息。例如，表索引、安全元数据或主键包含多个列。我发现我想要使用这些和其他常见的数据库特性，因此必须直接进行一些数据库配置。

我发现DB第一次生成的默认POCO类非常干净，但是缺少非常有用的数据注释属性或到存储过程的映射。我使用T4模板来克服这些限制。T4模板非常棒，特别是与您自己的元数据和部分类结合使用时。

模型首先似乎有很多潜力，但在复杂的数据库模式重构过程中给我带来了很多错误。不知道为什么。

我认为Julie Lerman(《Programming Entity Framework》的作者)所写的这棵简单的“决策树”能够帮助我们更自信地做出决定:

更多信息在这里。

引用http://www.itworld.com/development/405005/3-reasons-use-code-first-design-entity-framework的相关部分

3 reasons to use code first design with Entity Framework 1) Less cruft, less bloat Using an existing database to generate a .edmx model file and the associated code models results in a giant pile of auto generated code. You’re implored never to touch these generated files lest you break something, or your changes get overwritten on the next generation. The context and initializer are jammed together in this mess as well. When you need to add functionality to your generated models, like a calculated read only property, you need to extend the model class. This ends up being a requirement for almost every model and you end up with an extension for everything. With code first your hand coded models become your database. The exact files that you’re building are what generate the database design. There are no additional files and there is no need to create a class extension when you want to add properties or whatever else that the database doesn't need to know about. You can just add them into the same class as long as you follow the proper syntax. Heck, you can even generate a Model.edmx file to visualize your code if you want. 2) Greater Control When you go DB first, you’re at the mercy of what gets generated for your models for use in your application. Occasionally the naming convention is undesirable. Sometimes the relationships and associations aren't quite what you want. Other times non transient relationships with lazy loading wreak havoc on your API responses. While there is almost always a solution for model generation problems you might run into, going code first gives you complete and fine grained control from the get go. You can control every aspect of both your code models and your database design from the comfort of your business object. You can precisely specify relationships, constraints, and associations. You can simultaneously set property character limits and database column sizes. You can specify which related collections are to be eager loaded, or not be serialized at all. In short, you are responsible for more stuff but you’re in full control of your app design. 3)Database Version Control This is a big one. Versioning databases is hard, but with code first and code first migrations, it’s much more effective. Because your database schema is fully based on your code models, by version controlling your source code you're helping to version your database. You’re responsible for controlling your context initialization which can help you do things like seed fixed business data. You’re also responsible for creating code first migrations. When you first enable migrations, a configuration class and an initial migration are generated. The initial migration is your current schema or your baseline v1.0. From that point on you will add migrations which are timestamped and labeled with a descriptor to help with ordering of versions. When you call add-migration from the package manager, a new migration file will be generated containing everything that has changed in your code model automatically in both an UP() and DOWN() function. The UP function applies the changes to the database, the DOWN function removes those same changes in the event you want to rollback. What’s more, you can edit these migration files to add additional changes such as new views, indexes, stored procedures, and whatever else. They will become a true versioning system for your database schema.

依我之见，我认为所有的模型都有很好的地方，但我认为模型优先方法的问题是，在许多大型企业中，DBA控制数据库，如果不使用数据库优先方法，就无法获得构建应用程序的灵活性。我参与过许多项目，当涉及到部署时，他们想要完全控制。

因此，尽管我同意所有可能的变化，代码优先，模型优先，数据库优先，您必须考虑实际的生产环境。因此，如果您的系统将是一个拥有许多用户和DBA的大型用户基础应用程序，那么您可能会考虑数据库作为首选——这只是我的观点。

我认为代码优先的优点之一是，你可以备份你对版本控制系统(如Git)所做的所有更改。因为所有的表和关系都存储在本质上只是类中，所以您可以回顾过去，看看数据库以前的结构是什么。