下面是重写equals()操作时的一种处理方法。

public abstract class Section<T extends Section> extends Element<Section<T>> {
    Object attr1;

    /**
    * Compare one section object to another.
    *
    * @param obj the object being compared with this section object
    * @return true if this section and the other section are of the same
    * sub-class of section and their component fields are the same, false
    * otherwise
    */       
    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if (obj == null) {
            // this exists, but obj doesn't, so they can't be equal!
            return false;
        }

        // prepare to cast...
        Section<?> other;

        if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) {
            // looks like we're comparing apples to oranges
            return false;
        } else {
            // it must be safe to make that cast!
            other = (Section<?>) obj;
        }

        // and then I compare attributes between this and other
        return this.attr1.equals(other.attr1);
    }
}

这似乎在Java 8中工作(甚至用-Xlint:unchecked编译)

以这个为例，它比创建一个新的HashMap要快得多，如果它已经是一个HashMap，但仍然是安全的，因为每个元素都根据它的类型进行检查…

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static <K, V> HashMap<K, V> toHashMap(Object input, Class<K> key, Class<V> value) {
       assert input instanceof Map : input;

       for (Map.Entry<?, ?> e : ((HashMap<?, ?>) input).entrySet()) {
           assert key.isAssignableFrom(e.getKey().getClass()) : "Map contains invalid keys";
           assert value.isAssignableFrom(e.getValue().getClass()) : "Map contains invalid values";
       }

       if (input instanceof HashMap)
           return (HashMap<K, V>) input;
       return new HashMap<K, V>((Map<K, V>) input);
    }

的对象。Esko Luontola上面回答的未检查的实用函数是避免程序混乱的好方法。

如果您不希望在整个方法上使用SuppressWarnings, Java会强制您将其放在本地方法上。如果你需要对一个成员进行强制转换，可能会导致这样的代码:

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
Vector<String> watchedSymbolsClone = (Vector<String>) watchedSymbols.clone();
this.watchedSymbols = watchedSymbolsClone;

使用这个实用程序要干净得多，而且你所做的事情仍然很明显:

this.watchedSymbols = Objects.uncheckedCast(watchedSymbols.clone());

注意: 我觉得有必要补充一下，有时候警告真的意味着你做错了什么，比如:

ArrayList<Integer> intList = new ArrayList<Integer>();
intList.add(1);
Object intListObject = intList; 

 // this line gives an unchecked warning - but no runtime error
ArrayList<String> stringList  = (ArrayList<String>) intListObject;
System.out.println(stringList.get(0)); // cast exception will be given here

编译器告诉您的是，在运行时不会检查此强制转换，因此在尝试访问泛型容器中的数据之前不会引发运行时错误。

在HTTP Session世界中，您无法真正避免强制转换，因为API就是这样编写的(只接受并返回Object)。

不过，只要稍加努力，你就可以很容易地避免这种未经检查的转换。”这意味着在发生错误时，它将转换为传统的强制转换，并在那里给出ClassCastException)。未经检查的异常可能在以后的任何时候变成CCE，而不是在强制转换的时候(这就是为什么它是一个单独的警告)。

用专用类替换HashMap:

import java.util.AbstractMap;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

public class Attributes extends AbstractMap<String, String> {
    final Map<String, String> content = new HashMap<String, String>();

    @Override
    public Set<Map.Entry<String, String>> entrySet() {
        return content.entrySet();
    }

    @Override
    public Set<String> keySet() {
        return content.keySet();
    }

    @Override
    public Collection<String> values() {
        return content.values();
    }

    @Override
    public String put(final String key, final String value) {
        return content.put(key, value);
    }
}

然后转换为那个类，而不是Map<String,String>，所有内容都将在您编写代码的确切位置进行检查。以后不会出现意外的classcastexception。

Two ways, one which avoids the tag completely, the other using a naughty but nice utility method. The problem is pre-genericised Collections... I believe the rule of thumb is: "cast objects one thing at a time" - what this means when trying to use raw classes in a genericised world is that because you don't know what is in this Map<?, ?> (and indeed the JVM might even find that it isn't even a Map!), it obvious when you think about it that you can't cast it. If you had a Map<String, ?> map2 then HashSet<String> keys = (HashSet<String>)map2.keySet() does not give you a warning, despite this being an "act of faith" for the compiler (because it might turn out to be a TreeSet)... but it is only a single act of faith. PS to the objection that iterating as in my first way "is boring" and "takes time", the answer is "no pain no gain": a genericised collection is guaranteed to contain Map.Entry<String, String>s, and nothing else. You have to pay for this guarantee. When using generics systematically this payment, beautifully, takes the form of coding compliance, not machine time! One school of thought might say that you should set Eclipse's settings to make such unchecked casts errors, rather than warnings. In that case you would have to use my first way.

package scratchpad;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Vector;

public class YellowMouse {

    // First way

    Map<String, String> getHashMapStudiouslyAvoidingSuppressTag(HttpSession session) {
      Map<?, ?> theHash = (Map<?, ?>)session.getAttribute("attributeKey");

      Map<String, String> yellowMouse = new HashMap<String, String>();
      for( Map.Entry<?, ?> entry : theHash.entrySet() ){
        yellowMouse.put( (String)entry.getKey(), (String)entry.getValue() );
      }

      return yellowMouse;
    }


    // Second way

    Map<String, String> getHashMapUsingNaughtyButNiceUtilityMethod(HttpSession session) {
      return uncheckedCast( session.getAttribute("attributeKey") );
    }


    // NB this is a utility method which should be kept in your utility library. If you do that it will
    // be the *only* time in your entire life that you will have to use this particular tag!!

    @SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked" })
    public static synchronized <T> T uncheckedCast(Object obj) {
        return (T) obj;
    }


}

不幸的是，这里没有很好的选择。记住，所有这些的目标都是保持类型安全。“Java泛型”提供了一种处理非泛型遗留库的解决方案，在8.2节中有一种特别的方法叫做“空循环技术”。基本上，使不安全施放，并压制警告。然后像这样循环地图:

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
Map<String, Number> map = getMap();
for (String s : map.keySet());
for (Number n : map.values());

如果遇到意外类型，您将得到一个运行时ClassCastException，但至少它将发生在问题的根源附近。