我一直在使用的一个应用程序在尝试序列化类型时失败了。
像这样的陈述
XmlSerializer lizer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(MyType));
生产:
System.IO.FileNotFoundException occurred
Message="Could not load file or assembly '[Containing Assembly of MyType].XmlSerializers, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified."
Source="mscorlib"
FileName="[Containing Assembly of MyType].XmlSerializers, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null"
FusionLog=""
StackTrace:
at System.Reflection.Assembly._nLoad(AssemblyName fileName, String codeBase, Evidence assemblySecurity, Assembly locationHint, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, Boolean throwOnFileNotFound, Boolean forIntrospection)
at System.Reflection.Assembly.nLoad(AssemblyName fileName, String codeBase, Evidence assemblySecurity, Assembly locationHint, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, Boolean throwOnFileNotFound, Boolean forIntrospection)
我没有为我的类定义任何特殊的序列化器。
我该如何解决这个问题?
为了避免异常,你需要做两件事:
向序列化类添加属性(我希望您有访问权限)
使用sgen.exe生成序列化文件
将System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializerAssembly属性添加到类中。
将'MyAssembly'替换为MyClass所在程序集的名称。
[Serializable]
[XmlSerializerAssembly("MyAssembly.XmlSerializers")]
public class MyClass
{
…
}
使用sgen.exe实用程序生成序列化文件,并将其与类的程序集一起部署。
' sgen.exe MyAssembly.dll '将生成文件myassembly . xmlserializer .dll
这两个更改将导致.net直接查找程序集。
我检查了一下,它在。net框架3.5和Visual Studio 2008上工作
XmlSerializer函数。FromTypes不会抛出异常,但它会泄漏内存。这就是为什么你需要为每个类型缓存这样的序列化器,以避免内存泄漏为每个创建的实例。
创建自己的XmlSerializer工厂并简单地使用它:
XmlSerializer serializer = XmlSerializerFactoryNoThrow.Create(typeof(MyType));
工厂是这样的:
public static class XmlSerializerFactoryNoThrow
{
public static Dictionary<Type, XmlSerializer> _cache = new Dictionary<Type, XmlSerializer>();
private static object SyncRootCache = new object();
/// <summary>
/// //the constructor XmlSerializer.FromTypes does not throw exception, but it is said that it causes memory leaks
/// http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1127431/xmlserializer-giving-filenotfoundexception-at-constructor
/// That is why I use dictionary to cache the serializers my self.
/// </summary>
public static XmlSerializer Create(Type type)
{
XmlSerializer serializer;
lock (SyncRootCache)
{
if (_cache.TryGetValue(type, out serializer))
return serializer;
}
lock (type) //multiple variable of type of one type is same instance
{
//constructor XmlSerializer.FromTypes does not throw the first chance exception
serializer = XmlSerializer.FromTypes(new[] { type })[0];
//serializer = XmlSerializerFactoryNoThrow.Create(type);
}
lock (SyncRootCache)
{
_cache[type] = serializer;
}
return serializer;
}
}
更复杂的版本,没有内存泄漏的可能性(请有人检查代码):
public static XmlSerializer Create(Type type)
{
XmlSerializer serializer;
lock (SyncRootCache)
{
if (_cache.TryGetValue(type, out serializer))
return serializer;
}
lock (type) //multiple variable of type of one type is same instance
{
lock (SyncRootCache)
{
if (_cache.TryGetValue(type, out serializer))
return serializer;
}
serializer = XmlSerializer.FromTypes(new[] { type })[0];
lock (SyncRootCache)
{
_cache[type] = serializer;
}
}
return serializer;
}
}
为了避免异常,你需要做两件事:
向序列化类添加属性(我希望您有访问权限)
使用sgen.exe生成序列化文件
将System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializerAssembly属性添加到类中。
将'MyAssembly'替换为MyClass所在程序集的名称。
[Serializable]
[XmlSerializerAssembly("MyAssembly.XmlSerializers")]
public class MyClass
{
…
}
使用sgen.exe实用程序生成序列化文件,并将其与类的程序集一起部署。
' sgen.exe MyAssembly.dll '将生成文件myassembly . xmlserializer .dll
这两个更改将导致.net直接查找程序集。
我检查了一下,它在。net框架3.5和Visual Studio 2008上工作