用例图中包含和扩展的区别是什么?

在用例图中包含和扩展之间的区别是什么?

当前回答

我喜欢把“包含”看作基本用例的必要前提/伴随。这意味着如果没有基本用例所包含的用例，就不能认为基本用例是完整的。我将给出一个向客户销售商品的电子商务网站的例子。如果不先选择商品并将其放入购物车，你就无法支付商品。这意味着用例“Pay for Item”包括“select Item”。

扩展的用途多种多样，但我喜欢将其视为一种可能使用也可能不使用的替代方法。例如，仍然在电子商务网站。在付款时，您可以选择货到付款、使用paypal付款或刷卡付款。这些都是“为物品付费”用例的替代方案。我可以根据自己的喜好选择其中任何一种。

想要更清楚地了解用例的规则，请阅读我的文章:

http://businessanalystlearnings.com/ba-techniques/2013/2/20/use-case-diagram-the-basics

2013-02-23 09:42:07

其他回答

图元素

Actors: Also referred to as Roles. Name and stereotype of an actor can be changed in its Properties tab. Inheritance: Refinement relations between actors. This relation can carry a name and a stereotype. Use cases: These can have Extension Points. Extension Points: This defines a location where an extension can be added. Associations: Between roles and use cases. It is useful to give associations speaking names. Dependencies: Between use cases. Dependencies often have a stereotype to better define the role of the dependency. To select a stereotype, select the dependency from the diagram or the Navigation pane, then change the stereotype in the Properties tab. There are two special kinds of dependencies: <<extend>> and <<include>>, for which Poseidon offers own buttons (see below). Extend relationship: A uni-directional relationship between two use cases. An extend relationship between use case B and use case A means that the behavior of B can be included in A. Include relationship: A uni-directional relationship between two use cases. Such a relationship between use cases A and B means, that the behavior of B is always included in A. System border: The system border is actually not implemented as model element in Poseidon for UML. You can simply draw a rectangle, send it to the background and use it as system border by putting all corresponding use cases inside the rectangle.

2012-01-19 06:19:06

这是一个很好的资源，有很好的解释: 用例中包含什么? 什么是扩展用例?

扩展用例通常定义可选的行为。它独立于扩展用例 Include用于提取两个或多个用例的行为的公共部分

2014-03-04 12:12:29

我认为msdn在这里解释的很容易理解。

包括[5]

包含用例调用或调用包含的用例。包含用于显示用例如何分解为更小的步骤。所包含的用例位于箭头末端。

扩展[6]

同时，扩展用例将目标和步骤添加到扩展用例中。延期只在特定条件下生效。扩展用例位于箭头末端。

2016-10-27 09:01:45

为了简化,

为包括