我必须查看一个大文件(典型大小为500MB-2GB)的最后几行。我正在寻找一个相当于Unix命令尾Windows Powershell。一些可供选择的方法是,
http://tailforwin32.sourceforge.net/
and
Get-Content [filename] | Select-Object -Last 10
对于我来说,第一种选择是不允许使用的,而第二种选择是很慢的。有人知道PowerShell的tail的有效实现吗?
我必须查看一个大文件(典型大小为500MB-2GB)的最后几行。我正在寻找一个相当于Unix命令尾Windows Powershell。一些可供选择的方法是,
http://tailforwin32.sourceforge.net/
and
Get-Content [filename] | Select-Object -Last 10
对于我来说,第一种选择是不允许使用的,而第二种选择是很慢的。有人知道PowerShell的tail的有效实现吗?
当前回答
尝试Windows Server 2003资源工具包工具
它包含一个tail.exe,可以在Windows系统上运行。
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=17657
其他回答
PowerShell Community Extensions (PSCX)提供了Get-FileTail cmdlet。这看起来是一个适合这项任务的解决方案。注意:我没有尝试它与非常大的文件,但描述说,它有效地尾部内容,它是为大型日志文件设计的。
NAME
Get-FileTail
SYNOPSIS
PSCX Cmdlet: Tails the contents of a file - optionally waiting on new content.
SYNTAX
Get-FileTail [-Path] <String[]> [-Count <Int32>] [-Encoding <EncodingParameter>] [-LineTerminator <String>] [-Wait] [<CommonParameters>]
Get-FileTail [-LiteralPath] <String[]> [-Count <Int32>] [-Encoding <EncodingParameter>] [-LineTerminator <String>] [-Wait] [<CommonParameters>]
DESCRIPTION
This implentation efficiently tails the cotents of a file by reading lines from the end rather then processing the entire file. This behavior is crucial for ef
ficiently tailing large log files and large log files over a network. You can also specify the Wait parameter to have the cmdlet wait and display new content
as it is written to the file. Use Ctrl+C to break out of the wait loop. Note that if an encoding is not specified, the cmdlet will attempt to auto-detect the
encoding by reading the first character from the file. If no character haven't been written to the file yet, the cmdlet will default to using Unicode encoding
. You can override this behavior by explicitly specifying the encoding via the Encoding parameter.
我采用了@hajamie的解决方案,并将其包装到一个更方便的脚本包装器中。
我添加了一个选项,从文件结束之前的偏移量开始,因此您可以使用类似尾部的功能,从文件结束处读取一定量的数据。注意偏移量是以字节为单位的,而不是行。
你还可以选择继续等待更多内容。
示例(假设您将其保存为TailFile.ps1):
.\TailFile.ps1 -File .\path\to\myfile.log -InitialOffset 1000000
.\TailFile.ps1 -File .\path\to\myfile.log -InitialOffset 1000000 -Follow:$true
.\TailFile.ps1 -File .\path\to\myfile.log -Follow:$true
这是脚本本身……
param (
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true,HelpMessage="Enter the path to a file to tail")][string]$File = "",
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true,HelpMessage="Enter the number of bytes from the end of the file")][int]$InitialOffset = 10248,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false,HelpMessage="Continuing monitoring the file for new additions?")][boolean]$Follow = $false
)
$ci = get-childitem $File
$fullName = $ci.FullName
$reader = new-object System.IO.StreamReader(New-Object IO.FileStream($fullName, [System.IO.FileMode]::Open, [System.IO.FileAccess]::Read, [IO.FileShare]::ReadWrite))
#start at the end of the file
$lastMaxOffset = $reader.BaseStream.Length - $InitialOffset
while ($true)
{
#if the file size has not changed, idle
if ($reader.BaseStream.Length -ge $lastMaxOffset) {
#seek to the last max offset
$reader.BaseStream.Seek($lastMaxOffset, [System.IO.SeekOrigin]::Begin) | out-null
#read out of the file until the EOF
$line = ""
while (($line = $reader.ReadLine()) -ne $null) {
write-output $line
}
#update the last max offset
$lastMaxOffset = $reader.BaseStream.Position
}
if($Follow){
Start-Sleep -m 100
} else {
break;
}
}
非常基本,但不需要任何附加模块或PS版本要求:
while ($true){清除主机;gc E:\test.txt | select -last 3;睡眠2}
尝试Windows Server 2003资源工具包工具
它包含一个tail.exe,可以在Windows系统上运行。
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=17657
有许多有效的答案,但是,没有一个与linux中的tail具有相同的语法。下面的函数可以存储在$Home\Documents\PowerShell\Microsoft.PowerShell_profile中。Ps1的持久性(请参阅powershell概要文档了解更多详细信息)。
这允许你调用…
tail server.log
tail -n 5 server.log
tail -f server.log
tail -Follow -Lines 5 -Path server.log
这与Linux语法非常接近。
function tail {
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Get the last n lines of a text file.
.PARAMETER Follow
output appended data as the file grows
.PARAMETER Lines
output the last N lines (default: 10)
.PARAMETER Path
path to the text file
.INPUTS
System.Int
IO.FileInfo
.OUTPUTS
System.String
.EXAMPLE
PS> tail c:\server.log
.EXAMPLE
PS> tail -f -n 20 c:\server.log
#>
[CmdletBinding()]
[OutputType('System.String')]
Param(
[Alias("f")]
[parameter(Mandatory=$false)]
[switch]$Follow,
[Alias("n")]
[parameter(Mandatory=$false)]
[Int]$Lines = 10,
[parameter(Mandatory=$true, Position=5)]
[ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
[IO.FileInfo]$Path
)
if ($Follow)
{
Get-Content -Path $Path -Tail $Lines -Wait
}
else
{
Get-Content -Path $Path -Tail $Lines
}
}