如何在python中找到扩展名为.txt的目录中的所有文件?
当前回答
试试这个,这将递归地找到你所有的文件:
import glob, os
os.chdir("H:\\wallpaper")# use whatever directory you want
#double\\ no single \
for file in glob.glob("**/*.txt", recursive = True):
print(file)
其他回答
你可以使用glob:
import glob, os
os.chdir("/mydir")
for file in glob.glob("*.txt"):
print(file)
或者简单的os.listdir:
import os
for file in os.listdir("/mydir"):
if file.endswith(".txt"):
print(os.path.join("/mydir", file))
或者如果你想遍历目录,使用os.walk:
import os
for root, dirs, files in os.walk("/mydir"):
for file in files:
if file.endswith(".txt"):
print(os.path.join(root, file))
用一团。
>>> import glob
>>> glob.glob('./*.txt')
['./outline.txt', './pip-log.txt', './test.txt', './testingvim.txt']
这样的东西就可以了
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(directory):
for file in files:
if file.endswith('.txt'):
print(file)
我做了一个测试(Python 3.6.4, W7x64),看看对于一个文件夹,没有子目录,哪种解决方案是最快的,以获得具有特定扩展名的文件的完整文件路径列表。
简而言之,对于这个任务,os.listdir()是最快的,比次优os.walk()快1.7倍,比pathlib快2.7倍,比os.scandir()快3.2倍,比glob快3.3倍。 请记住,当您需要递归结果时,这些结果将会改变。如果您复制/粘贴下面的一个方法,请添加.lower(),否则在搜索.ext时将找不到.ext。
import os
import pathlib
import timeit
import glob
def a():
path = pathlib.Path().cwd()
list_sqlite_files = [str(f) for f in path.glob("*.sqlite")]
def b():
path = os.getcwd()
list_sqlite_files = [f.path for f in os.scandir(path) if os.path.splitext(f)[1] == ".sqlite"]
def c():
path = os.getcwd()
list_sqlite_files = [os.path.join(path, f) for f in os.listdir(path) if f.endswith(".sqlite")]
def d():
path = os.getcwd()
os.chdir(path)
list_sqlite_files = [os.path.join(path, f) for f in glob.glob("*.sqlite")]
def e():
path = os.getcwd()
list_sqlite_files = [os.path.join(path, f) for f in glob.glob1(str(path), "*.sqlite")]
def f():
path = os.getcwd()
list_sqlite_files = []
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
for file in files:
if file.endswith(".sqlite"):
list_sqlite_files.append( os.path.join(root, file) )
break
print(timeit.timeit(a, number=1000))
print(timeit.timeit(b, number=1000))
print(timeit.timeit(c, number=1000))
print(timeit.timeit(d, number=1000))
print(timeit.timeit(e, number=1000))
print(timeit.timeit(f, number=1000))
结果:
# Python 3.6.4
0.431
0.515
0.161
0.548
0.537
0.274
import os
path = 'mypath/path'
files = os.listdir(path)
files_txt = [i for i in files if i.endswith('.txt')]