许多用户都回复了os。Walk回答，其中包括所有文件，还包括所有目录和子目录及其文件。

import os


def files_in_dir(path, extension=''):
    """
       Generator: yields all of the files in <path> ending with
       <extension>

       \param   path       Absolute or relative path to inspect,
       \param   extension  [optional] Only yield files matching this,

       \yield              [filenames]
    """


    for _, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
        dirs[:] = []  # do not recurse directories.
        yield from [f for f in files if f.endswith(extension)]

# Example: print all the .py files in './python'
for filename in files_in_dir('./python', '*.py'):
    print("-", filename)

或者对于一次性不需要发电机的情况:

path, ext = "./python", ext = ".py"
for _, _, dirfiles in os.walk(path):
    matches = (f for f in dirfiles if f.endswith(ext))
    break

for filename in matches:
    print("-", filename)

如果你打算为其他东西使用匹配，你可能想让它成为一个列表，而不是一个生成器表达式:

    matches = [f for f in dirfiles if f.endswith(ext)]

你可以使用glob:

import glob, os
os.chdir("/mydir")
for file in glob.glob("*.txt"):
    print(file)

或者简单的os.listdir:

import os
for file in os.listdir("/mydir"):
    if file.endswith(".txt"):
        print(os.path.join("/mydir", file))

或者如果你想遍历目录，使用os.walk:

import os
for root, dirs, files in os.walk("/mydir"):
    for file in files:
        if file.endswith(".txt"):
             print(os.path.join(root, file))

import os
import sys 

if len(sys.argv)==2:
    print('no params')
    sys.exit(1)

dir = sys.argv[1]
mask= sys.argv[2]

files = os.listdir(dir); 

res = filter(lambda x: x.endswith(mask), files); 

print res

这样的东西就可以了

for root, dirs, files in os.walk(directory):
    for file in files:
        if file.endswith('.txt'):
            print(file)

以python方式获取“dataPath”文件夹中所有的“。txt”文件名:

from os import listdir
from os.path import isfile, join
path = "/dataPath/"
onlyTxtFiles = [f for f in listdir(path) if isfile(join(path, f)) and  f.endswith(".txt")]
print onlyTxtFiles

Python有所有工具可以做到这一点:

import os

the_dir = 'the_dir_that_want_to_search_in'
all_txt_files = filter(lambda x: x.endswith('.txt'), os.listdir(the_dir))