给定一个数字,我如何发现在什么表和列中可以找到它?

我不在乎速度快不快,只要管用就行。


当前回答

根据bnkdev的回答,我修改了Narayana的代码,以搜索所有列,甚至是数字列。

它会运行得慢一些,但这个版本实际上会找到所有匹配项,而不仅仅是文本列中的匹配项。

我对他感激不尽。省了我好几天徒手找!

CREATE PROC SearchAllTables 
(
@SearchStr nvarchar(100)
)
AS
BEGIN

-- Copyright © 2002 Narayana Vyas Kondreddi. All rights reserved.
-- Purpose: To search all columns of all tables for a given search string
-- Written by: Narayana Vyas Kondreddi
-- Site: http://vyaskn.tripod.com
-- Tested on: SQL Server 7.0 and SQL Server 2000
-- Date modified: 28th July 2002 22:50 GMT


CREATE TABLE #Results (ColumnName nvarchar(370), ColumnValue nvarchar(3630))

SET NOCOUNT ON

DECLARE @TableName nvarchar(256), @ColumnName nvarchar(128), @SearchStr2 nvarchar(110)
SET  @TableName = ''
SET @SearchStr2 = QUOTENAME('%' + @SearchStr + '%','''')

WHILE @TableName IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
    SET @ColumnName = ''
    SET @TableName = 
    (
        SELECT MIN(QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME))
        FROM    INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
        WHERE       TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'
            AND QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME) > @TableName
            AND OBJECTPROPERTY(
                    OBJECT_ID(
                        QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME)
                         ), 'IsMSShipped'
                           ) = 0
    )

    WHILE (@TableName IS NOT NULL) AND (@ColumnName IS NOT NULL)
    BEGIN
        SET @ColumnName =
        (
            SELECT MIN(QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME))
            FROM    INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
            WHERE       TABLE_SCHEMA    = PARSENAME(@TableName, 2)
                AND TABLE_NAME  = PARSENAME(@TableName, 1)                  
                AND QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME) > @ColumnName
        )

        IF @ColumnName IS NOT NULL
        BEGIN
            INSERT INTO #Results
            EXEC
            (
                'SELECT ''' + @TableName + '.' + @ColumnName + ''', LEFT(CONVERT(varchar(max), ' + @ColumnName + '), 3630) 
                FROM ' + @TableName + ' (NOLOCK) ' +
                ' WHERE CONVERT(varchar(max), ' + @ColumnName + ') LIKE ' + @SearchStr2
            )
        END
    END 
END

SELECT ColumnName, ColumnValue FROM #Results
END

其他回答

使用JOIN和CURSOR的另一种方法:

USE My_Database;

-- Store results in a local temp table so that.  I'm using a
-- local temp table so that I can access it in SP_EXECUTESQL.
create table #tmp (
    tbl nvarchar(max),
    col nvarchar(max),
    val nvarchar(max)   
);

declare @tbl nvarchar(max);
declare @col nvarchar(max);
declare @q nvarchar(max);
declare @search nvarchar(max) = 'my search key';

-- Create a cursor on all columns in the database
declare c cursor for
SELECT tbls.TABLE_NAME, cols.COLUMN_NAME  FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES AS tbls
JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS AS cols
ON tbls.TABLE_NAME = cols.TABLE_NAME

-- For each table and column pair, see if the search value exists.
open c
fetch next from c into @tbl, @col
while @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
begin
    -- Look for the search key in current table column and if found add it to the results.
    SET @q = 'INSERT INTO #tmp SELECT ''' + @tbl + ''', ''' + @col + ''', ' + @col + ' FROM ' + @tbl + ' WHERE ' + @col + ' LIKE ''%' + @search + '%'''
    EXEC SP_EXECUTESQL @q
    fetch next from c into @tbl, @col
end
close c
deallocate c

-- Get results
select * from #tmp

-- Remove local temp table.
drop table #tmp

我优化了Allain Lalonde的答案(https://stackoverflow.com/a/436676/412368)。 仍然支持数值。应该大约快4-5倍(1:03 vs 4:30),在带有7GB数据库的桌面上测试。http://developer.azurewebsites.net/2015/01/mssql-searchalltables/

IF OBJECT_ID ('dbo.SearchAllTables', 'P') IS NOT NULL 
    DROP PROCEDURE dbo.SearchAllTables;
GO

CREATE PROC SearchAllTables 
(
    @SearchStr nvarchar(100)
)
AS
BEGIN

-- Copyright © 2002 Narayana Vyas Kondreddi. All rights reserved.
-- Purpose: To search all columns of all tables for a given search string
-- Written by: Narayana Vyas Kondreddi
-- Site: http://vyaskn.tripod.com
-- Customized and modified: 2014-01-21
-- Tested on: SQL Server 2008 R2

DECLARE @Results TABLE(ColumnName nvarchar(370), ColumnValue nvarchar(3630))

SET NOCOUNT ON

DECLARE @TableName nvarchar(256)
DECLARE @ColumnName nvarchar(128)
DECLARE @DataType nvarchar(128)

DECLARE @SearchStr2 nvarchar(110)
DECLARE @SearchDecimal decimal(38,19)
DECLARE @Query nvarchar(4000)
SET @SearchStr2 = QUOTENAME('%' + @SearchStr + '%', '''')
SET @SearchDecimal = CASE WHEN ISNUMERIC(@SearchStr) = 1 THEN CONVERT(decimal(38,19), @SearchStr) ELSE NULL END
PRINT '@SearchStr2: ' + @SearchStr2
PRINT '@SearchDecimal: ' + CAST(@SearchDecimal AS nvarchar)

SET @TableName = ''
WHILE @TableName IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
    SET @ColumnName = ''
    SET @TableName = 
    (
        SELECT MIN(QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME))
        FROM    INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
        WHERE       TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'
            AND QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME) > @TableName
            AND OBJECTPROPERTY(
                    OBJECT_ID(
                        QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME)
                         ), 'IsMSShipped'
                           ) = 0
    )

    WHILE (@TableName IS NOT NULL) AND (@ColumnName IS NOT NULL)
    BEGIN
        SET @ColumnName =
        (
            SELECT MIN(QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME))
                    DATA_TYPE
            FROM    INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
            WHERE       TABLE_SCHEMA    = PARSENAME(@TableName, 2)
                AND TABLE_NAME  = PARSENAME(@TableName, 1)
                AND DATA_TYPE IN ('char', 'varchar', 'nchar', 'nvarchar',
                                  'int', 'bigint', 'tinyint', 'numeric', 'decimal')
                AND QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME) > @ColumnName
        )
        SET @DataType =
        (
            SELECT DATA_TYPE
            FROM    INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
            WHERE       TABLE_SCHEMA    = PARSENAME(@TableName, 2)
                AND TABLE_NAME  = PARSENAME(@TableName, 1)
                AND QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME) = @ColumnName
        )
        PRINT @TableName + '.' + @ColumnName + ' (' + @DataType + ')'

        IF @ColumnName IS NOT NULL
        BEGIN
            IF @DataType IN ('int', 'bigint', 'tinyint', 'numeric', 'decimal')
            BEGIN
                IF @SearchDecimal IS NOT NULL
                BEGIN
                    SET @Query = 'SELECT ''' + @TableName + '.' + @ColumnName + ''', LEFT(CAST(' + @ColumnName + ' AS nvarchar(110)), 3630) ' +
                                 'FROM ' + @TableName + ' (NOLOCK) ' +
                                 ' WHERE ' + @ColumnName + ' = ' + CAST(@SearchDecimal AS nvarchar)
                    PRINT '    ' + @Query
                    INSERT INTO @Results
                    EXEC (@Query)
                END
            END
            ELSE
            BEGIN
                SET @Query = 'SELECT ''' + @TableName + '.' + @ColumnName + ''', LEFT(' + @ColumnName + ', 3630) ' +
                             'FROM ' + @TableName + ' (NOLOCK) ' +
                             ' WHERE ' + @ColumnName + ' LIKE ' + @SearchStr2
                PRINT '    ' + @Query
                INSERT INTO @Results
                EXEC (@Query)
            END
        END
    END 
END

SELECT ColumnName, ColumnValue FROM @Results
END

您可能需要为数据库构建一个倒立索引。它肯定是相当快的。

-- exec pSearchAllTables 'M54*'

ALTER PROC pSearchAllTables (@SearchStr NVARCHAR(100))
AS
BEGIN
    -- A procedure to search all tables in a database for a value
    -- Note: Use * or % for wildcard

    DECLARE 
        @Results TABLE([Schema.Table.ColumnName] NVARCHAR(370), ColumnValue NVARCHAR(3630))

    SET NOCOUNT ON

    DECLARE 
        @TableName NVARCHAR(256) = ''
        , @ColumnName NVARCHAR(128)     
        , @SearchStr2 NVARCHAR(110) = QUOTENAME(REPLACE(@SearchStr, '*', '%'), '''')

    WHILE @TableName IS NOT NULL
        BEGIN
            SET @ColumnName = ''
            SET @TableName = 
            (
                SELECT MIN(QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME))
                FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
                WHERE TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'
                AND QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME) > @TableName
                AND OBJECTPROPERTY(OBJECT_ID(QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME)), 'IsMSShipped') = 0
            )

            WHILE (@TableName IS NOT NULL) AND (@ColumnName IS NOT NULL)
                BEGIN
                    SET @ColumnName =
                    (
                        SELECT MIN(QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME))
                        FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
                        WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA    = PARSENAME(@TableName, 2)
                        AND TABLE_NAME  = PARSENAME(@TableName, 1)
                        AND DATA_TYPE IN ('char', 'varchar', 'nchar', 'nvarchar')
                        AND QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME) > @ColumnName
                    )

                    IF @ColumnName IS NOT NULL
                        BEGIN
                            INSERT INTO @Results 
                            EXEC ('SELECT ''' + @TableName + '.' + @ColumnName + ''', LEFT(' + @ColumnName + ', 3630) FROM ' + @TableName + ' (NOLOCK) WHERE ' + @ColumnName + ' LIKE ' + @SearchStr2)

                        END

                END 

        END

    SELECT 
        [Schema.Table.ColumnName]
        , ColumnValue 
    FROM @Results
    GROUP BY 
        [Schema.Table.ColumnName]
        , ColumnValue 

END

这是我对这个问题的独立看法,我用在我自己的工作中。它可以在SQL2000及更高版本中工作,允许通配符、列过滤,并搜索大多数常规数据类型。

伪代码描述可以选择* from *,其中任何类似'foo'的地方

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Search all columns in all tables in a database for a string.
-- Does not search: image, sql_variant or user-defined types.
-- Exact search always for money and smallmoney; no wildcards for matching these.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
declare @SearchTerm nvarchar(4000) -- Can be max for SQL2005+
declare @ColumnName sysname

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- SET THESE!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
set @SearchTerm = N'foo' -- Term to be searched for, wildcards okay
set @ColumnName = N'' -- Use to restrict the search to certain columns, wildcards okay, null or empty string for all cols
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- END SET
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

set nocount on

declare @TabCols table (
      id int not null primary key identity
    , table_schema sysname not null
    , table_name sysname not null
    , column_name sysname not null
    , data_type sysname not null
)
insert into @TabCols (table_schema, table_name, column_name, data_type)
    select t.TABLE_SCHEMA, c.TABLE_NAME, c.COLUMN_NAME, c.DATA_TYPE
    from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES t
        join INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS c on t.TABLE_SCHEMA = c.TABLE_SCHEMA
            and t.TABLE_NAME = c.TABLE_NAME
    where 1 = 1
        and t.TABLE_TYPE = 'base table'
        and c.DATA_TYPE not in ('image', 'sql_variant')
        and c.COLUMN_NAME like case when len(@ColumnName) > 0 then @ColumnName else '%' end
    order by c.TABLE_NAME, c.ORDINAL_POSITION

declare
      @table_schema sysname
    , @table_name sysname
    , @column_name sysname
    , @data_type sysname
    , @exists nvarchar(4000) -- Can be max for SQL2005+
    , @sql nvarchar(4000) -- Can be max for SQL2005+
    , @where nvarchar(4000) -- Can be max for SQL2005+
    , @run nvarchar(4000) -- Can be max for SQL2005+

while exists (select null from @TabCols) begin

    select top 1
          @table_schema = table_schema
        , @table_name = table_name
        , @exists = 'select null from [' + table_schema + '].[' + table_name + '] where 1 = 0'
        , @sql = 'select ''' + '[' + table_schema + '].[' + table_name + ']' + ''' as TABLE_NAME, * from [' + table_schema + '].[' + table_name + '] where 1 = 0'
        , @where = ''
    from @TabCols
    order by id

    while exists (select null from @TabCols where table_schema = @table_schema and table_name = @table_name) begin

        select top 1
              @column_name = column_name
            , @data_type = data_type
        from @TabCols
        where table_schema = @table_schema
            and table_name = @table_name
        order by id

        -- Special case for money
        if @data_type in ('money', 'smallmoney') begin
            if isnumeric(@SearchTerm) = 1 begin
                set @where = @where + ' or [' + @column_name + '] = cast(''' + @SearchTerm + ''' as ' + @data_type + ')' -- could also cast the column as varchar for wildcards
            end
        end
        -- Special case for xml
        else if @data_type = 'xml' begin
            set @where = @where + ' or cast([' + @column_name + '] as nvarchar(max)) like ''' + @SearchTerm + ''''
        end
        -- Special case for date
        else if @data_type in ('date', 'datetime', 'datetime2', 'datetimeoffset', 'smalldatetime', 'time') begin
            set @where = @where + ' or convert(nvarchar(50), [' + @column_name + '], 121) like ''' + @SearchTerm + ''''
        end
        -- Search all other types
        else begin
            set @where = @where + ' or [' + @column_name + '] like ''' + @SearchTerm + ''''
        end

        delete from @TabCols where table_schema = @table_schema and table_name = @table_name and column_name = @column_name

    end

    set @run = 'if exists(' + @exists + @where + ') begin ' + @sql + @where + ' print ''' + @table_name + ''' end'
    print @run
    exec sp_executesql @run

end

set nocount off

我没有把它放在proc形式中,因为我不想在数百个db中维护它,而且它实际上是用于临时工作的。请随意评论错误修复。