给定一个数字，我如何发现在什么表和列中可以找到它?
我不在乎速度快不快，只要管用就行。
当前回答
我优化了Allain Lalonde的答案(https://stackoverflow.com/a/436676/412368)。 仍然支持数值。应该大约快4-5倍(1:03 vs 4:30)，在带有7GB数据库的桌面上测试。http://developer.azurewebsites.net/2015/01/mssql-searchalltables/
IF OBJECT_ID ('dbo.SearchAllTables', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE dbo.SearchAllTables;
GO
CREATE PROC SearchAllTables
(
@SearchStr nvarchar(100)
)
AS
BEGIN
-- Copyright © 2002 Narayana Vyas Kondreddi. All rights reserved.
-- Purpose: To search all columns of all tables for a given search string
-- Written by: Narayana Vyas Kondreddi
-- Site: http://vyaskn.tripod.com
-- Customized and modified: 2014-01-21
-- Tested on: SQL Server 2008 R2
DECLARE @Results TABLE(ColumnName nvarchar(370), ColumnValue nvarchar(3630))
SET NOCOUNT ON
DECLARE @TableName nvarchar(256)
DECLARE @ColumnName nvarchar(128)
DECLARE @DataType nvarchar(128)
DECLARE @SearchStr2 nvarchar(110)
DECLARE @SearchDecimal decimal(38,19)
DECLARE @Query nvarchar(4000)
SET @SearchStr2 = QUOTENAME('%' + @SearchStr + '%', '''')
SET @SearchDecimal = CASE WHEN ISNUMERIC(@SearchStr) = 1 THEN CONVERT(decimal(38,19), @SearchStr) ELSE NULL END
PRINT '@SearchStr2: ' + @SearchStr2
PRINT '@SearchDecimal: ' + CAST(@SearchDecimal AS nvarchar)
SET @TableName = ''
WHILE @TableName IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
SET @ColumnName = ''
SET @TableName =
(
SELECT MIN(QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME))
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
WHERE TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'
AND QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME) > @TableName
AND OBJECTPROPERTY(
OBJECT_ID(
QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME)
), 'IsMSShipped'
) = 0
)
WHILE (@TableName IS NOT NULL) AND (@ColumnName IS NOT NULL)
BEGIN
SET @ColumnName =
(
SELECT MIN(QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME))
DATA_TYPE
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = PARSENAME(@TableName, 2)
AND TABLE_NAME = PARSENAME(@TableName, 1)
AND DATA_TYPE IN ('char', 'varchar', 'nchar', 'nvarchar',
'int', 'bigint', 'tinyint', 'numeric', 'decimal')
AND QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME) > @ColumnName
)
SET @DataType =
(
SELECT DATA_TYPE
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = PARSENAME(@TableName, 2)
AND TABLE_NAME = PARSENAME(@TableName, 1)
AND QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME) = @ColumnName
)
PRINT @TableName + '.' + @ColumnName + ' (' + @DataType + ')'
IF @ColumnName IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
IF @DataType IN ('int', 'bigint', 'tinyint', 'numeric', 'decimal')
BEGIN
IF @SearchDecimal IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
SET @Query = 'SELECT ''' + @TableName + '.' + @ColumnName + ''', LEFT(CAST(' + @ColumnName + ' AS nvarchar(110)), 3630) ' +
'FROM ' + @TableName + ' (NOLOCK) ' +
' WHERE ' + @ColumnName + ' = ' + CAST(@SearchDecimal AS nvarchar)
PRINT ' ' + @Query
INSERT INTO @Results
EXEC (@Query)
END
END
ELSE
BEGIN
SET @Query = 'SELECT ''' + @TableName + '.' + @ColumnName + ''', LEFT(' + @ColumnName + ', 3630) ' +
'FROM ' + @TableName + ' (NOLOCK) ' +
' WHERE ' + @ColumnName + ' LIKE ' + @SearchStr2
PRINT ' ' + @Query
INSERT INTO @Results
EXEC (@Query)
END
END
END
END
SELECT ColumnName, ColumnValue FROM @Results
END
其他回答
这是我对这个问题的独立看法，我用在我自己的工作中。它可以在SQL2000及更高版本中工作，允许通配符、列过滤，并搜索大多数常规数据类型。
伪代码描述可以选择* from *，其中任何类似'foo'的地方
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Search all columns in all tables in a database for a string.
-- Does not search: image, sql_variant or user-defined types.
-- Exact search always for money and smallmoney; no wildcards for matching these.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
declare @SearchTerm nvarchar(4000) -- Can be max for SQL2005+
declare @ColumnName sysname
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- SET THESE!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
set @SearchTerm = N'foo' -- Term to be searched for, wildcards okay
set @ColumnName = N'' -- Use to restrict the search to certain columns, wildcards okay, null or empty string for all cols
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- END SET
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
set nocount on
declare @TabCols table (
id int not null primary key identity
, table_schema sysname not null
, table_name sysname not null
, column_name sysname not null
, data_type sysname not null
)
insert into @TabCols (table_schema, table_name, column_name, data_type)
select t.TABLE_SCHEMA, c.TABLE_NAME, c.COLUMN_NAME, c.DATA_TYPE
from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES t
join INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS c on t.TABLE_SCHEMA = c.TABLE_SCHEMA
and t.TABLE_NAME = c.TABLE_NAME
where 1 = 1
and t.TABLE_TYPE = 'base table'
and c.DATA_TYPE not in ('image', 'sql_variant')
and c.COLUMN_NAME like case when len(@ColumnName) > 0 then @ColumnName else '%' end
order by c.TABLE_NAME, c.ORDINAL_POSITION
declare
@table_schema sysname
, @table_name sysname
, @column_name sysname
, @data_type sysname
, @exists nvarchar(4000) -- Can be max for SQL2005+
, @sql nvarchar(4000) -- Can be max for SQL2005+
, @where nvarchar(4000) -- Can be max for SQL2005+
, @run nvarchar(4000) -- Can be max for SQL2005+
while exists (select null from @TabCols) begin
select top 1
@table_schema = table_schema
, @table_name = table_name
, @exists = 'select null from [' + table_schema + '].[' + table_name + '] where 1 = 0'
, @sql = 'select ''' + '[' + table_schema + '].[' + table_name + ']' + ''' as TABLE_NAME, * from [' + table_schema + '].[' + table_name + '] where 1 = 0'
, @where = ''
from @TabCols
order by id
while exists (select null from @TabCols where table_schema = @table_schema and table_name = @table_name) begin
select top 1
@column_name = column_name
, @data_type = data_type
from @TabCols
where table_schema = @table_schema
and table_name = @table_name
order by id
-- Special case for money
if @data_type in ('money', 'smallmoney') begin
if isnumeric(@SearchTerm) = 1 begin
set @where = @where + ' or [' + @column_name + '] = cast(''' + @SearchTerm + ''' as ' + @data_type + ')' -- could also cast the column as varchar for wildcards
end
end
-- Special case for xml
else if @data_type = 'xml' begin
set @where = @where + ' or cast([' + @column_name + '] as nvarchar(max)) like ''' + @SearchTerm + ''''
end
-- Special case for date
else if @data_type in ('date', 'datetime', 'datetime2', 'datetimeoffset', 'smalldatetime', 'time') begin
set @where = @where + ' or convert(nvarchar(50), [' + @column_name + '], 121) like ''' + @SearchTerm + ''''
end
-- Search all other types
else begin
set @where = @where + ' or [' + @column_name + '] like ''' + @SearchTerm + ''''
end
delete from @TabCols where table_schema = @table_schema and table_name = @table_name and column_name = @column_name
end
set @run = 'if exists(' + @exists + @where + ') begin ' + @sql + @where + ' print ''' + @table_name + ''' end'
print @run
exec sp_executesql @run
end
set nocount off
我没有把它放在proc形式中，因为我不想在数百个db中维护它，而且它实际上是用于临时工作的。请随意评论错误修复。
使用JOIN和CURSOR的另一种方法:
USE My_Database;
-- Store results in a local temp table so that. I'm using a
-- local temp table so that I can access it in SP_EXECUTESQL.
create table #tmp (
tbl nvarchar(max),
col nvarchar(max),
val nvarchar(max)
);
declare @tbl nvarchar(max);
declare @col nvarchar(max);
declare @q nvarchar(max);
declare @search nvarchar(max) = 'my search key';
-- Create a cursor on all columns in the database
declare c cursor for
SELECT tbls.TABLE_NAME, cols.COLUMN_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES AS tbls
JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS AS cols
ON tbls.TABLE_NAME = cols.TABLE_NAME
-- For each table and column pair, see if the search value exists.
open c
fetch next from c into @tbl, @col
while @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
begin
-- Look for the search key in current table column and if found add it to the results.
SET @q = 'INSERT INTO #tmp SELECT ''' + @tbl + ''', ''' + @col + ''', ' + @col + ' FROM ' + @tbl + ' WHERE ' + @col + ' LIKE ''%' + @search + '%'''
EXEC SP_EXECUTESQL @q
fetch next from c into @tbl, @col
end
close c
deallocate c
-- Get results
select * from #tmp
-- Remove local temp table.
drop table #tmp
出于开发目的，您可以将所需的表数据导出到单个HTML中，并对其进行直接搜索。
到目前为止，我发现的最好和最通用的解决方案是通过管道将db的转储传递给您正在搜索的grep。
例如，Mysql:
mysqldump -pPASSWORD database | grep 'search phrase'
或者如果你得到了太多的结果，你可以把它们输出到一个文件:
mysqldump -pPASSWORD database | grep 'search phrase' > results.txt
已经有很多可行的答案了。我只是想分享一个我写的有额外功能的。
--=======================================================================
-- MSSQL Unified Search
-- Minimum compatibility level = 130 (SQL Server 2016)
-- NOTE: The minimum compatibility level is required by the built-in STRING_SPLIT() function.
-- However, you can create the STRING_SPLIT() function at the bottom of this script for
-- lower versions of MSSQL Server.
--
-- Usage:
-- Set the parameters below and execute this script.
--
/************************ Enter Parameters Here ************************/
/**/
/**/ DECLARE @SearchString VARCHAR(1000) = 'string to search for'; -- Accepts SQL wilcards
/**/
/**/ DECLARE @IncludeUserTables BIT = 1;
/**/ DECLARE @IncludeViews BIT = 0;
/**/ DECLARE @IncludeStoredProcedures BIT = 0;
/**/ DECLARE @IncludeFunctions BIT = 0;
/**/ DECLARE @IncludeTriggers BIT = 0;
/**/
/**/ DECLARE @DebugMode BIT = 0;
/**/ DECLARE @ExcludeColumnTypes NVARCHAR(500) = 'text, ntext, char, nchar, timestamp, bigint, tinyint, smallint, bit, date, time, smalldatetime, datetime, datetime2, real, money, float, decimal, binary, varbinary, image'; -- Comma delimited list
/**/
/***********************************************************************/
SET NOCOUNT ON;
SET @SearchString = QUOTENAME(@SearchString,'''');
DECLARE @Results TABLE ([ObjectType] NVARCHAR(200), [ObjectName] NVARCHAR(200), [ColumnName] NVARCHAR(400), [Value] NVARCHAR(MAX), [SelectStatement] NVARCHAR(1000));
DECLARE @ExcludeColTypes TABLE (system_type_id INT);
INSERT INTO @ExcludeColTypes ([system_type_id])
SELECT [system_type_id]
FROM sys.types WHERE
[name] IN (
SELECT LTRIM(RTRIM([value])) FROM STRING_SPLIT(@ExcludeColumnTypes,',')
);
DECLARE @ObjectType NVARCHAR(200);
DECLARE @ObjectName NVARCHAR(200);
DECLARE @Value NVARCHAR(MAX);
DECLARE @SelectStatement NVARCHAR(1000);
DECLARE @Query NVARCHAR(4000);
/********************* Table Objects *********************/
IF (@IncludeUserTables = 1)
BEGIN
DECLARE @TableObjectId INT = (SELECT MIN([object_id]) FROM sys.tables);
DECLARE @ColumnId INT;
WHILE @TableObjectId IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
SELECT @ObjectType = 'USER TABLE';
SELECT @ObjectName = '[' + SCHEMA_NAME([schema_id]) + '].[' + OBJECT_NAME(@TableObjectId) + ']' FROM sys.tables WHERE [object_id] = @TableObjectId;
SET @ColumnId = (SELECT MIN([column_id]) FROM sys.columns WHERE [system_type_id] NOT IN (SELECT [system_type_id] FROM @ExcludeColTypes) AND [object_id] = @TableObjectId);
WHILE @ColumnId IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
SELECT @Value = '[' + [name] +']' FROM sys.columns WHERE [object_id] = @TableObjectId AND column_id = @ColumnId;
SET @SelectStatement = 'SELECT * FROM ' + @ObjectName + ' WHERE CAST(' + @Value + ' AS NVARCHAR(4000)) LIKE ' + @SearchString + ';';
SET @Query = 'SELECT '
+ QUOTENAME(@ObjectType, '''')
+ ', ' + QUOTENAME(@ObjectName, '''')
+ ', ' + QUOTENAME(@Value, '''')
+ ', ' + @Value
+ ', ''' + REPLACE(@SelectStatement,'''','''''') + ''''
+ ' FROM ' + @ObjectName
+ ' WHERE CAST(' + @Value + ' AS NVARCHAR(4000)) LIKE ' + @SearchString + ';';
IF @DebugMode = 0
BEGIN
INSERT INTO @Results EXEC(@Query);
END;
ELSE
BEGIN
PRINT 'Select Statement: ' + @SelectStatement;
PRINT 'Query: ' + @Query;
END;
SET @ColumnId = (SELECT MIN([column_id]) FROM sys.columns WHERE [system_type_id] NOT IN (SELECT [system_type_id] FROM @ExcludeColTypes) AND [object_id] = @TableObjectId AND [column_id] > @ColumnId);
END;
SET @TableObjectId = (SELECT MIN([object_id]) FROM sys.tables WHERE [object_id] > @TableObjectId);
END;
END;
/********************* Objects Other than Tables *********************/
SET @Query = 'SELECT ' +
'ObjectType = CASE ' +
'WHEN b.[type] = ''V'' THEN ''VIEW'' ' +
'WHEN b.[type] = ''P'' THEN ''STORED PROCEDURE'' ' +
'WHEN b.[type] = ''FN'' THEN ''SCALAR-VALUED FUNCTION'' ' +
'WHEN b.[type] = ''IF'' THEN ''TABLE-VALUED FUNCTION'' ' +
'WHEN b.[type] = ''TR'' THEN ''TRIGGER'' ' +
'END ' +
',[ObjectName] = ''['' + SCHEMA_NAME(b.[schema_id]) + ''].['' + OBJECT_NAME(a.[object_id]) + '']'' ' +
',[ColumnName] = NULL ' +
',[Value] = a.[definition] ' +
',[SelectStatement] = ''SP_HELPTEXT '' + QUOTENAME(''['' + SCHEMA_NAME(b.[schema_id]) + ''].['' + OBJECT_NAME(a.[object_id]) + '']'','''''''') + '';'' ' +
'FROM [sys].[sql_modules] a ' +
'JOIN [sys].[objects] b ON a.[object_id] = b.[object_id] ' +
'WHERE ' +
'( ' +
' a.[definition] LIKE ' + @SearchString +
') ' +
'AND ' +
'( ' +
' ( ' +
CAST(@IncludeViews AS VARCHAR(1)) + ' = 1 ' +
' AND ' +
' b.[type] IN (''V'') ' +
' ) ' +
' OR ' +
' ( ' +
CAST(@IncludeStoredProcedures AS VARCHAR(1)) + ' = 1 ' +
' AND ' +
' b.[type] IN (''P'') ' +
' ) ' +
' OR ' +
' ( ' +
CAST(@IncludeFunctions AS VARCHAR(1)) + ' = 1 ' +
' AND ' +
' b.[type] IN (''FN'',''IF'') ' +
' ) ' +
' OR ' +
' ( ' +
CAST(@IncludeTriggers AS VARCHAR(1)) + ' = 1 ' +
' AND ' +
' b.[type] IN (''TR'') ' +
' ) ' +
'); ';
IF @DebugMode = 0
BEGIN
INSERT INTO @Results EXEC(@Query);
END;
ELSE
BEGIN
PRINT 'Select Statement: ' + @SelectStatement;
PRINT 'Query: ' + @Query;
END;
IF @DebugMode = 0
BEGIN
SELECT
[ObjectType]
,[ObjectName]
,[ColumnName]
,[Value]
,[Count] = CASE
WHEN [ObjectType] IN ('USER TABLE') THEN COUNT(1)
ELSE NULL
END
,[SelectStatement]
FROM @Results
GROUP BY [ObjectType], [ObjectName], [ColumnName], [Value], [SelectStatement]
ORDER BY [Value];
END;
/********************** STRING_SPLIT() FUNCTION **********************
CREATE FUNCTION STRING_SPLIT (
@Expression nvarchar(4000)
,@Delimiter nvarchar(100)
)
RETURNS @Ret TABLE ([value] NVARCHAR(4000))
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @Start INT = 0, @End INT, @Length INT;
SELECT @End = CHARINDEX(@Delimiter,@Expression), @Length = @End - @Start;
IF @End <= 0
BEGIN
INSERT INTO @Ret ([value]) VALUES (@Expression);
END
ELSE
BEGIN
WHILE @Length >= 0
BEGIN
INSERT INTO @Ret ([value])
SELECT ltrim(rtrim(substring(@Expression,@Start,@Length)));
SELECT @Start = @End + LEN(@Delimiter)
SELECT @End = CHARINDEX(@Delimiter,@Expression,@Start)
IF @End < 1
SELECT @End = LEN(@Expression) + 1;
SELECT @Length = @End - @Start;
END;
END;
RETURN;
END;
*********************************************************************/
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