MATCH_PARENT

FractionallySizedBox(
            widthFactor: 1.0, // width w.r.t to parent
            heightFactor: 1.0, // height w.r.t to parent

            child: ElevatedButton(
              onPressed: () {},
              child: Text("+"),
            ),
          )

OR

Container(
            height: double.infinity,
            width: double.infinity,
          child: ElevatedButton(
            onPressed: () {},
            child: Text("+"),
          ),
        )

OR

Container(
            height: MediaQuery.of(context).size.height,
            width: MediaQuery.of(context).size.width,
          child: ElevatedButton(
            onPressed: () {},
            child: Text("+"),
          ),
        )

OR

Container(
          constraints: BoxConstraints.expand(),
          child: ElevatedButton(
            onPressed: () {},
            child: Text("+"),
          ),
        )

WRAP_CONTENT

Wrap(children: [
          Container(
            child: ElevatedButton(
              onPressed: () {},
              child: Text("+"),
            ),
          ),
        ])

OR

Container(
          constraints: BoxConstraints.tightFor(),
          child: ElevatedButton(
            onPressed: () {},
            child: Text("+"),
          ),
        )

Match_parent Wrap_content:

Row(
            children: [
          Expanded(
            child: Container(
              child: ElevatedButton(
                onPressed: () {},
                child: Text("+"),
              ),
            ),
          ),
        ])

Wrap_content Match_parent:

Column(
            children: [
          Expanded(
            child: Container(
              child: ElevatedButton(
                onPressed: () {},
                child: Text("+"),
              ),
            ),
          ),
        ])

我使用这个解决方案，你必须定义你的屏幕的高度和宽度使用MediaQuery:

 Container(
        height: MediaQuery.of(context).size.height,
        width: MediaQuery.of(context).size.width
  )

匹配父

为了匹配或填充父对象(高度和宽度)，我们可以在Container上使用额外的约束:

Container(
  constraints: BoxConstraints.expand(), // ← this guy
  child: Text('Center > Container > Text')
)

在Flutter中，约束是可以填充的空间(如果约束“严格”，则必须填充)。

约束条件是…不，实际上是父母强加的。

默认情况下，Container将把它的内容(child:)和大小本身包装到它的子元素中，除非被重写(或被严格的约束不允许)。

使用constraints:参数，我们可以给Container额外的约束来覆盖默认的Container约束行为(比如包装内容)。

使用Container(constraints: BoxConstraints.something)不会覆盖传入/父约束;它只是允许我们在允许的情况下重写默认行为，比如包装内容。

代码示例- BoxConstraints

下面是一个复制/粘贴代码示例，展示了我们可以应用到具有“松散”传入/父约束(由Center提供)的容器上的各种约束的效果。

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

class MatchParentPage extends StatefulWidget {
  @override
  _MatchParentPageState createState() => _MatchParentPageState();
}

class _MatchParentPageState extends State<MatchParentPage> {
  BoxConstraints constraints;

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: Text('Match Parent'),
      ),
      body: Column(
        mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceEvenly,
        children: [
          Expanded( // shares space constraint evenly with other Expanded
            child: Center( // ← fills tight parent constraint & loosens ↓ child constraint ↓
              child: Container( // got loose constraint from Center... 
                  constraints: constraints, // can apply many additional constraints
                  color: Colors.lightBlueAccent.withOpacity(.3),
                  child: Text('Center > Container > Text')),
            ),
          ),
          Expanded(
            child: Container(
              color: Colors.orangeAccent,
                child: Wrap(
                    children: [
                      _button('default', null),
                      _button('*expand()', BoxConstraints.expand()),
                      _button('*tight(Size.infinite)', BoxConstraints.tight(Size.infinite)),
                      _button('tight(Size.zero)', BoxConstraints.tight(Size.zero)),
                      _button('tight(Size.fromHeight(100))', BoxConstraints.tight(Size.fromHeight(100))),
                      _button('tight(Size.fromWidth(100))', BoxConstraints.tight(Size.fromWidth(100))),
                      _button('tightForFinite(width: 100, height: 100)', BoxConstraints.tightForFinite(width: 100, height: 100)),
                      _button('loose(Size.infinite)', BoxConstraints.loose(Size.infinite)),
                      _button('tightFor(width: double.infinity)', BoxConstraints.tightFor(width: double.infinity)),
                      _button('tightFor(height: double.infinity)', BoxConstraints.tightFor(height: double.infinity)),
                    ])
            ),
          )
        ],
      ),
    );
  }

  Widget _button(String label, BoxConstraints _constraints) {
    bool _active = _constraints == constraints;
    return Padding(
      padding: const EdgeInsets.only(top:8, left: 8),
      child: RaisedButton(
        color: _active ? Colors.cyanAccent : null,
        child: Text(label),
        onPressed: () {
          setState(() => constraints = _constraints);
        },
      ),
    );
  }
}

使用小部件Wrap。

对于类似列的行为尝试:

  return Wrap(
          direction: Axis.vertical,
          spacing: 10,
          children: <Widget>[...],);

对于Row类行为尝试:

  return Wrap(
          direction: Axis.horizontal,
          spacing: 10,
          children: <Widget>[...],);

有关更多信息:Wrap (Flutter小部件)

要让一个子填充它的父，只需将它包装到FittedBox中

    FittedBox(
     child: Image.asset('foo.png'),
     fit: BoxFit.fill,
   )

一个简单的解决方法:

如果容器只有一个顶级子容器，则可以为该子容器指定对齐属性并为其赋值。它会填满容器里的所有空间。

Container(color:Colors.white,height:200.0,width:200.0,
 child:Container(
    color: Colors.yellow,
    alignment:Alignment.[any_available_option] // make the yellow child match the parent size
   )
)

另一种方法:

Container(color:Colors.white,height:200.0,width:200.0,
 child:Container(
    color: Colors.yellow,
    constraints:  BoxConstraints.expand(height: 100.0), // height will be 100 dip and width will be match parent
   )
)