我使用下面的代码作为一个简单的滑动窗口，它使用生成器来大幅提高可读性。根据我的经验，到目前为止，它的速度足以用于生物信息学序列分析。

我把它包括在这里是因为我还没有看到这种方法被使用过。同样，我对它的比较性能没有任何评价。

def slidingWindow(sequence,winSize,step=1):
"""Returns a generator that will iterate through
the defined chunks of input sequence. Input sequence
must be sliceable."""

    # Verify the inputs
    if not ((type(winSize) == type(0)) and (type(step) == type(0))):
        raise Exception("**ERROR** type(winSize) and type(step) must be int.")
    if step > winSize:
        raise Exception("**ERROR** step must not be larger than winSize.")
    if winSize > len(sequence):
        raise Exception("**ERROR** winSize must not be larger than sequence length.")

    # Pre-compute number of chunks to emit
    numOfChunks = ((len(sequence)-winSize)/step)+1

    # Do the work
    for i in range(0,numOfChunks*step,step):
        yield sequence[i:i+winSize]

def GetShiftingWindows(thelist, size):
    return [ thelist[x:x+size] for x in range( len(thelist) - size + 1 ) ]

>> a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
>> GetShiftingWindows(a, 3)
[ [1, 2, 3], [2, 3, 4], [3, 4, 5] ]

我使用下面的代码作为一个简单的滑动窗口，它使用生成器来大幅提高可读性。根据我的经验，到目前为止，它的速度足以用于生物信息学序列分析。

我把它包括在这里是因为我还没有看到这种方法被使用过。同样，我对它的比较性能没有任何评价。

def slidingWindow(sequence,winSize,step=1):
"""Returns a generator that will iterate through
the defined chunks of input sequence. Input sequence
must be sliceable."""

    # Verify the inputs
    if not ((type(winSize) == type(0)) and (type(step) == type(0))):
        raise Exception("**ERROR** type(winSize) and type(step) must be int.")
    if step > winSize:
        raise Exception("**ERROR** step must not be larger than winSize.")
    if winSize > len(sequence):
        raise Exception("**ERROR** winSize must not be larger than sequence length.")

    # Pre-compute number of chunks to emit
    numOfChunks = ((len(sequence)-winSize)/step)+1

    # Do the work
    for i in range(0,numOfChunks*step,step):
        yield sequence[i:i+winSize]

更新

Kelly发现这是一个重复的答案。但我在这里留下这个作为反例，因为我包含了一个毫无意义的最小值。

所以如果你想用min来避免IndexError，没有必要，range会帮你处理这种情况。

旧的答案

奇怪的是，当n > len(l)返回[]时，下面的句柄在语义上是正确的。

>>> l = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]

>>> n = 2
>>> [l[i: i + min(n, len(l)-i)] for i in range(len(l)-n+1)]
>>> [[0, 1], [1, 2], [2, 3], [3, 4]]
>>>
>>> n = 3
>>> [l[i: i + min(n, len(l)-i)] for i in range(len(l)-n+1)]
>>> [[0, 1, 2], [1, 2, 3], [2, 3, 4]]
>>>
>>> n = 4
>>> [l[i: i + min(n, len(l)-i)] for i in range(len(l)-n+1)]
>>> [[0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3, 4]]
>>>
>>> n = 5
>>> [l[i: i + min(n, len(l)-i)] for i in range(len(l)-n+1)]
>>> [[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]]
>>>
>>> n = 10 # n > len(l)
>>> [l[i: i + min(n, len(l)-i)] for i in range(len(l)-n+1)]
>>> []

>>> n, m = 6, 3
>>> k = n - m+1
>>> print ('{}\n'*(k)).format(*[range(i, i+m) for i in xrange(k)])
[0, 1, 2]
[1, 2, 3]
[2, 3, 4]
[3, 4, 5]

让我们让它变懒!

from itertools import islice, tee

def window(iterable, size): 
    iterators = tee(iterable, size) 
    iterators = [islice(iterator, i, None) for i, iterator in enumerate(iterators)]  
    yield from zip(*iterators)

list(window(range(5), 3))
# [(0, 1, 2), (1, 2, 3), (2, 3, 4)]