我创建了一些自定义元素,并希望以编程方式将它们放置在右上角(距离上边缘n个像素,距离右边缘m个像素)。因此,我需要获得屏幕宽度和屏幕高度,然后设置位置:
int px = screenWidth - m;
int py = screenHeight - n;
如何在主活动中获取screenWidth和screenHeight?
我创建了一些自定义元素,并希望以编程方式将它们放置在右上角(距离上边缘n个像素,距离右边缘m个像素)。因此,我需要获得屏幕宽度和屏幕高度,然后设置位置:
int px = screenWidth - m;
int py = screenHeight - n;
如何在主活动中获取screenWidth和screenHeight?
当前回答
我尝试了所有可能的“解决方案”,但都失败了,我注意到Elliott Hughes的“Dalvik Explorer”应用程序在任何Android设备/操作系统版本上都始终显示正确的维度。我最后看了他的开源项目,可以在这里找到:https://code.google.com/p/enh/
以下是所有相关代码:
WindowManager w = activity.getWindowManager();
Display d = w.getDefaultDisplay();
DisplayMetrics metrics = new DisplayMetrics();
d.getMetrics(metrics);
// since SDK_INT = 1;
widthPixels = metrics.widthPixels;
heightPixels = metrics.heightPixels;
try {
// used when 17 > SDK_INT >= 14; includes window decorations (statusbar bar/menu bar)
widthPixels = (Integer) Display.class.getMethod("getRawWidth").invoke(d);
heightPixels = (Integer) Display.class.getMethod("getRawHeight").invoke(d);
} catch (Exception ignored) {
}
try {
// used when SDK_INT >= 17; includes window decorations (statusbar bar/menu bar)
Point realSize = new Point();
Display.class.getMethod("getRealSize", Point.class).invoke(d, realSize);
widthPixels = realSize.x;
heightPixels = realSize.y;
} catch (Exception ignored) {
}
EDIT:略有改进的版本(避免在不受支持的OS版本上触发异常):
WindowManager w = activity.getWindowManager();
Display d = w.getDefaultDisplay();
DisplayMetrics metrics = new DisplayMetrics();
d.getMetrics(metrics);
// since SDK_INT = 1;
widthPixels = metrics.widthPixels;
heightPixels = metrics.heightPixels;
// includes window decorations (statusbar bar/menu bar)
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 14 && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 17)
try {
widthPixels = (Integer) Display.class.getMethod("getRawWidth").invoke(d);
heightPixels = (Integer) Display.class.getMethod("getRawHeight").invoke(d);
} catch (Exception ignored) {
}
// includes window decorations (statusbar bar/menu bar)
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 17)
try {
Point realSize = new Point();
Display.class.getMethod("getRealSize", Point.class).invoke(d, realSize);
widthPixels = realSize.x;
heightPixels = realSize.y;
} catch (Exception ignored) {
}
其他回答
以下是低于/高于API 30代码的Kotlin扩展函数:
fun Activity.getScreenWidth(): Int {
return if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 30) {
val displayMetrics = DisplayMetrics()
windowManager.defaultDisplay.getMetrics(displayMetrics)
displayMetrics.widthPixels
} else {
val metrics = windowManager.currentWindowMetrics
val insets = metrics.windowInsets
.getInsetsIgnoringVisibility(WindowInsets.Type.systemBars())
metrics.bounds.width() - insets.left - insets.right
}
}
fun Activity.getScreenHeight(): Int {
return if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 30) {
val displayMetrics = DisplayMetrics()
windowManager.defaultDisplay.getMetrics(displayMetrics)
displayMetrics.heightPixels
} else {
val metrics = windowManager.currentWindowMetrics
val insets = metrics.windowInsets
.getInsetsIgnoringVisibility(WindowInsets.Type.systemBars())
metrics.bounds.height() - insets.top - insets.bottom
}
}
对应的Java助手方法:
public int getScreenWidth(Activity activity) {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 30) {
DisplayMetrics displayMetrics = new DisplayMetrics();
activity.getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getMetrics(displayMetrics);
return displayMetrics.widthPixels;
} else {
WindowMetrics metrics = activity.getWindowManager().getCurrentWindowMetrics();
Insets insets = metrics.getWindowInsets()
.getInsetsIgnoringVisibility(WindowInsets.Type.systemBars());
return metrics.getBounds().width() - insets.left - insets.right;
}
}
public int getScreenHeight(Activity activity) {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 30) {
DisplayMetrics displayMetrics = new DisplayMetrics();
activity.getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getMetrics(displayMetrics);
return displayMetrics.heightPixels;
} else {
WindowMetrics metrics = activity.getWindowManager().getCurrentWindowMetrics();
Insets insets = metrics.getWindowInsets()
.getInsetsIgnoringVisibility(WindowInsets.Type.systemBars());
return metrics.getBounds().height() - insets.bottom - insets.top;
}
}
它可能无法回答您的问题,但如果你需要一个视图的维度,但你的代码在尚未布局时(例如在onCreate()中)正在执行,你可以使用View.getViewTreeObserver().addOnGlobalLayoutListener()设置一个ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayout侦听器,并将需要该视图的相关代码放入尺寸。布局布局完成后,将调用侦听器的回调。
如果您不想增加WindowManagers、Points或Displays的开销,可以获取XML中最顶层View项的高度和宽度属性,前提是其高度和宽度设置为match_parent。(只要您的布局占据整个屏幕,这是正确的。)
例如,如果您的XML以以下内容开头:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="@+id/entireLayout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" >
然后findViewById(R.id.entireLayout).getWidth()将返回屏幕的宽度,findViewById(R.id.entireLayout).getHeight()将显示屏幕的高度。
科特林牌手表
fun getScreenHeight(activity: Activity): Int {
val metrics = DisplayMetrics()
activity.windowManager.defaultDisplay.getMetrics(metrics)
return metrics.heightPixels
}
fun getScreenWidth(activity: Activity): Int {
val metrics = DisplayMetrics()
activity.windowManager.defaultDisplay.getMetrics(metrics)
return metrics.widthPixels
}
JAVA
DisplayMetrics dimension = new DisplayMetrics();
getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getMetrics(dimension);
int w = dimension.widthPixels;
int h = dimension.heightPixels;
•Kotlin版本通过扩展属性
在android中有多种实现屏幕尺寸的方法,但我认为最好的解决方案可以独立于Context实例,因此您可以在代码中的任何地方使用它。在这里,我通过kotlin扩展属性提供了一个解决方案,它可以很容易地知道以像素为单位的屏幕大小以及dp:
尺寸Utils.kt
import android.content.res.Resources
import android.graphics.Rect
import android.graphics.RectF
import android.util.DisplayMetrics
import kotlin.math.roundToInt
/**
* @author aminography
*/
private val displayMetrics: DisplayMetrics by lazy { Resources.getSystem().displayMetrics }
val screenRectPx: Rect
get() = displayMetrics.run { Rect(0, 0, widthPixels, heightPixels) }
val screenRectDp: RectF
get() = displayMetrics.run { RectF(0f, 0f, widthPixels.px2dp, heightPixels.px2dp) }
val Number.px2dp: Float
get() = this.toFloat() / displayMetrics.density
val Number.dp2px: Int
get() = (this.toFloat() * displayMetrics.density).roundToInt()
用法:
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
val widthPx = screenRectPx.width()
val heightPx = screenRectPx.height()
println("[PX] screen width: $widthPx , height: $heightPx")
val widthDp = screenRectDp.width()
val heightDp = screenRectDp.height()
println("[DP] screen width: $widthDp , height: $heightDp")
}
}
结果:
当设备处于纵向时:
[PX] screen width: 1440 , height: 2392
[DP] screen width: 360.0 , height: 598.0
当设备处于横向时:
[PX] screen width: 2392 , height: 1440
[DP] screen width: 598.0 , height: 360.0
如果您不是kotlin的粉丝,请使用java版本:
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.graphics.RectF;
import android.util.DisplayMetrics;
/**
* @author aminography
*/
public class DimensionUtils {
private static DisplayMetrics displayMetrics;
private static DisplayMetrics getDisplayMetrics() {
if (displayMetrics == null) {
displayMetrics = Resources.getSystem().getDisplayMetrics();
}
return displayMetrics;
}
public static Rect screenRectPx() {
return new Rect(0, 0, getDisplayMetrics().widthPixels, getDisplayMetrics().heightPixels);
}
public static RectF screenRectDp() {
return new RectF(0f, 0f, px2dp(getDisplayMetrics().widthPixels), px2dp(getDisplayMetrics().heightPixels));
}
public static float px2dp(int value) {
return value / getDisplayMetrics().density;
}
public static int dp2px(float value) {
return (int) (value * getDisplayMetrics().density);
}
}